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Rafinesquina

Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1892Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke pp. 1-367
1911Rafinesquina Raymond
1956Rafinesquina Oraspold
1988Rafinesquina Howe p. 215
2000Rafinesquina Williams et al. p. 237
2002Rafinesquina Sepkoski
2010Rafinesquina Cocks

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classStrophomenataWilliams et al 1996
orderStrophomenidaOpik 1934
superfamilyStrophomenoideaKing 1846
familyRafinesquinidaeSchuchert 1893
subfamilyRafinesquininaeSchuchert 1893
genusRafinesquinaHall and Clarke 1892

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke 1892
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Subg. †Rafinesquina (Playfairia) Conrad 1839
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Subg. †Rafinesquina (Rafinesquina) Hall and Clarke 1892
†Rafinesquina declivis James 1874
†Rafinesquina delicata Williams 1974
†Rafinesquina deltoidea Conrad 1838
†Rafinesquina gibbosa Wilson 1944
†Rafinesquina insidiosa Williams 1962
†Rafinesquina lignani Villas 1985
†Rafinesquina mesicosta Shumard 1860
†Rafinesquina mucronata Foerste 1914
†Rafinesquina nasuta Emmons 1842
†Rafinesquina percensis Cooper and Kindle 1936
†Rafinesquina planulata Cooper 1956
†Rafinesquina ponderosa Hayes and Ulrich 1903
†Rafinesquina praecursor Raymond 1921
†Rafinesquina pseudoloricata Barrande 1848
†Rafinesquina relicua Benedetto 1995
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Invalid names: Rafinesquina mesistria Savage 1913 [synonym]
†Rafinesquina ultrix Marek and Havlíček 1967
†Rafinesquina urbicola Marek and Havlíček 1967
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 10 to < 100g
Adult width: 10 to < 100g
Folds: noneg
Ribbing: minorg
Spines: noneg
Internal reinforcement: noneg
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryg
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: Unattached, suspension-feeder (McKerrow, 1979); data from Meyer et al. (2009). BODY SIZE: Data from Williams et al. (2000).g
Created: 2009-04-13 10:31:26
Modified: 2018-11-11 09:56:04
Source: g = genus, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Tremadoc to the top of the Sheinwoodian or 486.40000 to 430.60000 Ma

Collections (1366 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ordovician486.85 - 443.1USA (New York) R. sp. (332)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1China (Hunan and Hubei) R. sp. (7720)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1China (Hubei) R. sp. (7728)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (YunNan) R. sp. (7741)
Arenig - Late/Upper Llandeilo477.1 - 458.2China (ShanXi) R. sp. (7919)
Dapingian471.3 - 469.4China R. sp. (232222)
Middle Ordovician471.3 - 458.2USA (Kentucky) R. sp. (10745 10757 10758)
Middle Ordovician471.3 - 458.2USA (New York) R. sp. (333 334 335 430)
Middle Ordovician471.3 - 458.2USA (Virginia) R. sp. (6992)
Middle Ordovician471.3 - 458.2USA (California) R. sp. (196177)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Kosovian445.2 - 443.1Czech Republic R. sp. (3882)
Rhuddanian443.1 - 440.5Argentina (San Juan) R. relicua (185893)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.1 - 438.6Russian Federation R. stropheodontoides (185957 185958)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.1 - 438.6Russian Federation (Siberia) R. inaequicostata (206542 206543 206560)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9USA (New York) R. sp. (459)
Llandovery - Ludlow443.1 - 422.7USA (Maryland) R. corrugata (41129)
Aeronian440.5 - 438.6Argentina (San Juan) R. reliqua (152407)
Telychian438.6 - 432.9USA (West Virginia) R. sp. (40728)
Sheinwoodian432.9 - 430.6USA (New York) R. obscura (82560 82593 82595 82597 83093 83095)
Wenlock432.9 - 426.7USA (New York) R. sp. (472 474)