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Rafinesquina
Taxonomy
Rafinesquina was named by Hall and Clarke (1892). Its type is Leptaena alternata.
It was assigned to Strophomenidae by Raymond (1911); to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Rafinesquininae by Oraspold (1956), Howe (1988), Williams et al. (2000) and Cocks (2010).
It was assigned to Strophomenidae by Raymond (1911); to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Rafinesquininae by Oraspold (1956), Howe (1988), Williams et al. (2000) and Cocks (2010).
Species
R. (Playfairia), R. (Rafinesquina), R. alternata, R. declivis, R. delicata, R. deltoidea, R. gibbosa, R. insidiosa, R. jeffersonensis, R. latisculptilis, R. lignani, R. mesicosta, R. mucronata, R. nasuta, R. percensis, R. planulata, R. ponderosa, R. pseudoloricata, R. relicua, R. stropheodontoides (syn. R. mesistria), R. trentonensis, R. ultrix, R. urbicola
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke 1892
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Subg. †Rafinesquina (Rafinesquina) Hall and Clarke 1892
†Rafinesquina alternata Conrad 1838
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†Rafinesquina alternata alata Wilson 1944
†Rafinesquina alternata plana Wilson 1944
†Rafinesquina alternata platys Wilson 1944
†Rafinesquina alternata intermedia Wilson 1944
†Rafinesquina declivis James 1874
†Rafinesquina declivis subnutans Roy 1941
†Rafinesquina delicata Williams 1974
†Rafinesquina deltoidea Conrad 1838
†Rafinesquina gibbosa Wilson 1944
†Rafinesquina insidiosa Williams 1962
†Rafinesquina jeffersonensis Bradley 1930
†Rafinesquina latisculptilis Savage 1913
†Rafinesquina lignani Villas 1985
†Rafinesquina mesicosta Shumard 1860
†Rafinesquina mucronata Foerste 1914
†Rafinesquina nasuta Emmons 1842
†Rafinesquina percensis Cooper and Kindle 1936
†Rafinesquina planulata Cooper 1956
†Rafinesquina ponderosa Hayes and Ulrich 1903
†Rafinesquina pseudoloricata Barrande 1848
†Rafinesquina relicua Benedetto 1995
†Rafinesquina stropheodontoides Savage 1913
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Invalid names: Rafinesquina mesistria Savage 1913 [synonym]
†Rafinesquina trentonensis Hall 1847
†Rafinesquina ultrix Marek and Havlíček 1967
†Rafinesquina urbicola Marek and Havlíček 1967
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Arenig to the top of the Sheinwoodian or 478.60000 to 430.50000 Ma
Collections (1363 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tremadoc | China (Hunan and Hubei) | R. sp. (7720) | |
| Tremadoc | China (Hubei) | R. sp. (7728) | |
| Ordovician | USA (New York) | R. sp. (332) | |
| Arenig | China (YunNan) | R. sp. (7741) | |
| Arenig - Late/Upper Llandeilo | China (ShanXi) | R. sp. (7919) | |
| Dapingian | China | R. sp. (232222) | |
| Middle Ordovician | USA (Virginia) | R. sp. (6992) | |
| Middle Ordovician | USA (Minnesota) | R. sp. (10754) | |
| Middle Ordovician | USA (New York) | R. sp. (333 334 335 430) | |
| Middle Ordovician | USA (California) | R. sp. (196177) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Hirnantian | China (ZheJiang) | R. sp. (7775) | |
| Rhuddanian | Argentina (San Juan) | R. relicua (185893) | |
| Rhuddanian - Aeronian | Russian Federation | R. stropheodontoides (185957 185958) | |
| Rhuddanian - Aeronian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | R. inaequicostata (206542 206543 206560) | |
| Llandovery | USA (New York) | R. sp. (459) | |
| Llandovery - Ludlow | USA (Maryland) | R. corrugata (41129) | |
| Aeronian | Argentina (San Juan) | R. reliqua (152407) | |
| Telychian | USA (West Virginia) | R. sp. (40728) | |
| Sheinwoodian | USA (New York) | R. obscura (82560 82593 82595 82597 83093 83095) | |
| Wenlock | USA (New York) | R. sp. (472 474) | |