PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Protocardia dufrenoyca

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae

Taxonomy

Cardium dufrenoycum was named by Buvignier (1852).

It was recombined as Protocardia dufrenoyca by Alencaster (1977).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

P. africana, P. barneyi, P. beiha, P. besairiei, P. bipi, P. contusa, P. hillanum, P. lycetti, P. moshuiwanensis, P. olea, P. oxynoti, P. parahillana, P. pertenuis, P. phillipiana, P. rahmuensis, P. regulare, P. schucherti, P. spillmani, P. subhillanum, P. texana, P. tosensis, P. amanoi, P. lycetti, P. peraltaensis, P. phillipiana

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1852	Cardium dufrenoycum Buvignier p. 16 figs. Pl. 8, Fig. 6-7
1977	Protocardia dufrenoyca Alencaster p. 158 figs. 8a-d

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia
—	Eubivalvia
subclass	Autobranchia	(Groblen 1894)
infraclass	Heteroconchia	(Gray 1854)
—	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822

Rank	Name	Author
—	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardiidia	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardiata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Cardiiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Cardiida	Ferussac 1822
suborder	Cardiidina	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardioidei	Ferussac 1822
superfamily	Cardioidea	(Lamarck 1809)
family	Cardiidae	Lamarck 1809
subfamily	Protocardiinae	Reuss 1846
genus	Protocardia	(Beyrich 1845)
species	dufrenoyca	(Buvignier 1852)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Protocardia dufrenoyca Buvignier 1852

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Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

part	N	mean	minimum	maximum	median	s.d.
shell height	2	15.2	14.0	16.5	15.2	1.77

Composition:

aragonitec

Locomotion:

facultatively mobilef

Life habit:

infaunalf

Diet:

suspension feederf

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2009-07-04 09:31:14

Modified:

2009-08-17 22:21:59

Source: f = family, c = class

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Todd 2001

Age range: base of the Callovian to the top of the Kimmeridgian or 165.30000 to 149.20000 Ma

Collections (8 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Middle Callovian - Late/Upper Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Tunisia	Protocardia dufrenoyca (13584 13587 13590)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	Tunisia	Protocardia dufrenoyca (13783 13809 13810 13813)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	Mexico (Chiapas)	Protocardia dufrenoyca (98672)