PBDB Taxon

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Cassiduloida

Echinoidea - Cassiduloida

Taxonomy

Cassiduloida was named by Agassiz and Desor (1847). It is extant.

It was assigned to Irregularia by Smith (1991), Smith (1995); to Atelostomata by Larrain and Biró-Bagóczky (1985), Berndt (2003); to Echinoidea by Donovan (1993), Sepkoski (2002), Parma and Casadío (2005), Manso and Andrade (2008); and to Neognathostomata by Kroh and Smith (2010).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1847	Cassiduloida Agassiz and Desor
1985	Cassiduloida Larrain and Biró-Bagóczky p. 1410
1991	Cassiduloida Smith p. 37
1993	Cassiduloida Donovan p. 99
1995	Cassiduloida Smith p. 189
2002	Cassiduloida Sepkoski
2003	Cassiduloida Berndt p. 87
2005	Cassiduloida Parma and Casadío p. 1076
2008	Cassiduloida Manso and Andrade p. 322
2010	Cassiduloida Kroh and Smith p. 171

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
—	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata
subphylum	Eleutherozoa
—	Echinozoa	()
class	Echinoidea	()

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
superorder	Acroechinoidea	()
—	Carinacea
—	Irregularia	()
—	Microstomata
—	Neognathostomata
order	Cassiduloida
order	Cassiduloida

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Cassiduloida Agassiz and Desor 1847

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G. †Astropygaulus Checchia-Rispoli 1945

G. †Bothryopneutes

G. †Calilampus

Subor. Cassidulina

Fm. Cassidulidae Agassiz and Desor 1847

G. †Breynella Gregory

G. Cassidulus Lamarck 1801

Subg. Cassidulus (Cassidulus) Lamarck 1801

†Cassidulus (Cassidulus) trojanus Cooke 1942

Subg. †Cassidulus (Galerolampas) Cotteau 1889

Subg. Cassidulus (Rhynchopygus) d'Orbigny 1856

†Cassidulus (Rhynchopygus) californicus Anderson 1905

†Cassidulus (Rhynchopygus) depressus Clark and Twitchell 1915

†Cassidulus (Rhynchopygus) evergladensis Mansfield 1932

†Cassidulus (Rhynchopygus) mexicanus Kew 1920

†Cassidulus (Rhynchopygus) ynezensis Kew 1920

†Rhynchopygus arumaensis Kier 1972

†Rhynchopygus lapiscancri Leske 1778

Rhynchopygus marmini Agassiz 1847

†Rhynchopygus peruvianus Brighton 1926

†Cassidulus abruptus Conrad 1860

†Cassidulus amygdala Desor 1858

†Cassidulus caribaearum Lamarck 1801

†Cassidulus ellipticus Kew 1920

†Cassidulus gouldii Bouve 1846

Invalid names: Cassidulus (Cassidulus) alabamensis Clark and Twitchell 1915 [synonym]

†Cassidulus mercedensis Anderson 1958

†Cassidulus rojasi Sanchez-Roig 1953

†Cassidulus yoshiwarai Loriol 1902

†Nucleolites (Cassidulus) elatus Forbes 1846

G. †Catopygus

†Catopygus bargesii d'Orbigny 1856

†Catopygus cajonensis Kew 1920

†Catopygus californicus Kew 1920

†Catopygus carinatus Goldfuss 1826

†Catopygus mississippiensis Cooke 1953

†Catopygus pusillus Clark 1891

†Catopygus rodriguezi Lambert and Sanchez Roig 1926

Invalid names: Penesticta Pomel 1883 [synonym]

G. †Echanthus Cooke 1942

†Echanthus georgiensis Clark and Twitchell 1915

Invalid names: Cassidulus (Galerolampas) fontis Cooke 1942 [synonym]

G. †Hypsopygaster

†Hypsopygaster ungosensis Bajarumas 1915

G. †Nucleopygus Agassiz 1840

Subg. †Nucleopygus (Jolyclypus) Lambert 1918

†Nucleopygus magnus Smith 1995

†Nucleopygus minor Desor 1842

†Nucleopygus pullatus Smith and Jeffery 2000

†Nucleopygus scrobiculatus Goldufss 1826

†Nucleopygus similis d'Orbigny 1856

†Nucleopygus texanus Clark 1891

G. †Ochetes Pomel 1883

†Ochetes morrisii Forbes 1849

G. Rhyncholampas Agassiz 1869

†Rhyncholampas alabamensis Twitchell 1915

†Rhyncholampas carolinensis Clark and Twitchell 1915

†Rhyncholampas conradi Couper 1850

†Rhyncholampas gouldii Bouvé 1846

†Rhyncholampas gouldii newberensis Kier 1997

†Rhyncholampas gouldii gouldii Bouvé 1846

†Rhyncholampas grignonensis DeFrance 1825

†Rhyncholampas pacificus Agassiz 1869

†Rhyncholampas rodriguezi Lambert and Sanchez Roig 1926

G. †Stigmatopygus

Subg. †Stigmatopygus (Cyrtoma) McClelland 1840

Stigmatopygus lamberti Besairie 1930

†Stigmatopygus pulchellus Smith 1995

G. †Centropygus

G. †Claviaster

G. †Clypeanthus

G. †Conoclypeus Davies

G. †Echinanthus Leske 1778

G. †Eogaleropygus

G. †Gitolampas

†Gitolampas sendaica Nisiyama 1968

†Gitolampas tunctana Gauthier 1889

†Gitolampas twitchelli Osborn et al. 2016

G. †Harduinia d'Archiac and Haime 1853

†Hardouinia aequorea Morton 1834

Invalid names: Cassidulus intermedius Slocom 1909 [synonym]

†Hardouinia bassleri Clark and Twitchell 1915

†Hardouinia conoideus Clark 1915

†Hardouinia florealis Morton 1833

†Hardouinia kellumi Stephenson 1927

†Hardouinia mcglameryae Cooke 1953

†Hardouinia micrococcus Gabb 1860

Invalid names: Cassidulus porrectus Clark 1891 [synonym]

†Hardouinia mortonis Michelin 1850

†Hardouinia mortonis emmonsi Stephenson 1927

Invalid names: Cassidulus berryi Clark and Twitchell 1915 [synonym], Hardouinia stetsoni Stephenson 1936 [synonym]

Invalid names: Cassidulus subconicus Clark 1891 [synonym], Cassidulus subquadratus Conrad 1860 [synonym], Gonioclypeus subangulatus Emmons 1858 [synonym]

†Hardouinia stantoni Clark 1891

†Hardouinia taylori Warren 1926

Invalid names: Clarkiella Lambert 1916 [synonym], Gonioclypeus Emmons 1858 [synonym]

G. †Laticlypus

G. †Lovenilampas

†Lovenilampas baixadoleitensis Maury 1934

Subor. Neolampadina Philip 1963

Fm. Neolampadidae Lambert 1918

G. †Aphanophora de Meijere 1903

†Aphanophora bassoris Holmes 1995

G. Notolampas Philip 1963

G. †Pisolampas Philip 1963

Invalid names: Pliolampadidae Kier 1962 [invalid subgroup]

G. †Ovulechinus

G. †Platypygus de Loriol 1902

†Platipygus posthumum Ortmann 1900

G. †Procassidulus Lambert 1918

†Procassidulus echevarriai Sanchez-Roig 1953

†Procassidulus lapiscancri Leske 1778

G. †Pygurostoma Cotteau and Gauthier 1895

†Pygurostoma geometricum Morton 1833

†Pygurostoma morgani Cotteau and Gauthier 1895

†Pygurostoma pasionense Cooke 1949

G. †Stegopygus

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calciteo

Ontogeny:

accretion, addition of partsp

Environment:

marinep

Locomotion:

slow-movingo

Life habit:

semi-infaunalo

Diet:

detritivoreo

Vision:

limitedc

Dispersal:

waterp

Dispersal 2:

planktonicp

Created:

2004-02-28 17:48:53

Modified:

2009-10-08 14:57:31

Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Barremian to the top of the Middle Pleistocene or 125.77000 to 0.12900 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 121.4 Ma

Collections (344 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Late/Upper Barremian	125.77 - 121.4	France (Drôme)	Nucleopygus coravium (75576)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	United Kingdom (England)	Catopygus columbarius (1815) Catopygus sp. (1842) Catopygus vectensis (1769)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	France	Nucleopygus roberti (38806)
Early/Lower Albian	113.2 - 110.1	United Kingdom (England)	Catopygus columbarius (1864)
Late/Upper Albian	106.3 - 100.5	Brazil (Sergipe)	Nucleopygus similis (87857)
Late/Upper Albian	106.3 - 100.5	United Kingdom (England)	Catopygus columbaris (82808) Catopygus columbarius (82811)
Early/Lower Cenomanian - Late/Upper Albian	100.5 - 100.5	Spain	Cassiduloida indet. (3832)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	France (Charente-Maritime)	Nucleopygus jolyi, Nucleopygus similis, Catopygus carinatus (64878)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	France (Poitou-Charentes)	Catopygus carinatus (87797)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	France (Charentes)	Nucleopygus parallelus, Nucleopygus jolyi, Catopygus carinatus (64881)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	United Kingdom	Catopygus columbarius (59682 59688 59707 59708 59709 59710) Catopygus columbarius, Ochetes placentula (59681)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	United Kingdom (England)	Catopygus columbarius (59711 82798) Catopygus sp. (82898)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	France	Catopygus columbarius (59818 85020) Catopygus columbarius, Claviaster beltremieuxi (59812) Catopygus columbarius, Claviaster beltremieuxi, Nucleopygus similis (59810) Catopygus columbarius, Nucleopygus similis (59802 59813 59814 59817) Catopygus columbarius, Nucleopygus similis, Ochetes morrisii (59815) Catopygus columbarius, Nucleopygus sp., Nucleopygus minor (59816) Catopygus columbarius, Ochetes placentula (59809)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	France (Poitou-Charentes)	Catopygus colombarius, Nucleopygus similis (73862) Nucleopygus similis (73863)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	France	Catopygus carinatus (59799) Catopygus carinatus, Nucleopygus minor (59806) Nucleopygus parallelus, Catopygus carinatus (59808) Nucleopygus parallelus, Catopygus carinatus, Nucleopygus minor (59807)
Middle Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	United Kingdom	Catopygus columbarius (59712)
Middle Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	France	Claviaster beltremieuxi, Nucleopygus similis (59804)
Late/Upper Cretaceous	100.5 - 66.0	Cuba	Catopygus rodriguezi, Cossmannaster hemisphaericus (91131)
Middle Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	USA (Colorado)	Cassidulus stantoni (78139) Hardouinia stantoni (197247)
Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	France (Landes)	Nucleopygus minimus (213761 213769) Nucleopygus parallelus (213768) Nucleopygus sp. A, Nucleopygus parallelus (213763)