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Perciformes (perch-like fish)
Taxonomy
Perciformes was named by Bleeker (1859) [Families not identified]. It is extant. 
It was assigned to Osteichthyes by Estes (1964), Uyeno and Fujui (1975), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Cione (1987), Shoshani et al. (1989), Purdy et al. (2001), Sepkoski (2002); to Acanthopterygii by Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Nelson (2006); to Actinopterygii by Cvancara and Hoganson (1993), Weems (1999), Böhme (2010); to Teleostei by Fierstine (2001), Fierstine and Starnes (2005), Carnevale et al. (2011); to Percomorpharia by Betancur et al. (2013); to Percomorpha by Nolf and Dockery (1990), López-Arbarello et al. (2003), Long (2011), Bannikov (2014), Arratia (2015); to Teleostei by Fierstine (1998), Fierstine (1999), Day (2002), Carnevale et al. (2003), Murray and Attia (2004), Fierstine (2005), Friedman and Johnson (2005), Malabarba et al. (2006), Bannikov and Carnevale (2009), Fierstine et al. (2012), Gottfried et al. (2012), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018); to Eupercaria by van der Laan (2019); and to Ovalentaria by Nelson et al. (2016), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
It was assigned to Osteichthyes by Estes (1964), Uyeno and Fujui (1975), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Cione (1987), Shoshani et al. (1989), Purdy et al. (2001), Sepkoski (2002); to Acanthopterygii by Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Nelson (2006); to Actinopterygii by Cvancara and Hoganson (1993), Weems (1999), Böhme (2010); to Teleostei by Fierstine (2001), Fierstine and Starnes (2005), Carnevale et al. (2011); to Percomorpharia by Betancur et al. (2013); to Percomorpha by Nolf and Dockery (1990), López-Arbarello et al. (2003), Long (2011), Bannikov (2014), Arratia (2015); to Teleostei by Fierstine (1998), Fierstine (1999), Day (2002), Carnevale et al. (2003), Murray and Attia (2004), Fierstine (2005), Friedman and Johnson (2005), Malabarba et al. (2006), Bannikov and Carnevale (2009), Fierstine et al. (2012), Gottfried et al. (2012), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018); to Eupercaria by van der Laan (2019); and to Ovalentaria by Nelson et al. (2016), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
  Subtaxa
  
Acanthonotus, Alepes, Ammodytoidei, Amphiperca, Anarhichas, Anarrhichthys, Aphia, Apogonoides, Apolectus, Aramichthys, Arripidae, Avitolabrax, Bairdiella, Banjosidae, Bathyclupeidae, Bembropoidei, Bilinia, Blabe, Branchiostegidae, Brotulidae, Burtinia, Callyodon, Chaeturichthys, Chandidae, Cockerellites, Congiopodoidei, Coryphopterus, Cottioidei, Cottoidei, Cottopsis, Ctenodentex, Ctenosciaena, Dapaloides, Diaphyodus, Eocottidae, Eoluvarus, Eoserranus, Epinnula, Grammatorycnus, Haemulidae, Haliophis, Hypacanthus, Hyperprosopon, Icosteoidei, Isacia, Labroidea, Labroidei, Landanichthys, Latellopsis, Latidae, Lithognathus, Lonchistium, Lycodopsis (syn. Lycodopsis), Lyconectes, Maccullochella, Matarchia, Menticirrhus, Mugiloidei, Nebris, Normanichthyoidei, Notothenioidei, Odonteobolca (syn. Odonteus), Palaeoperca, Paraplatax, Parapygaeus, Pararhenanoperca, Pasaichthys, Pennahia, Pentacerotidae, Pentaprion, Percalates, Perciliidae, Percoidei, Percoideorum, Percophidae, Phanerodon, Phosphichthys, Plagioholocentrus, Platycephalidae, Platylates, Priacanthopsis, Propercarinidae, Propygidium, Psenes, Pseudoscarus, Quasicichla, Quasinectes, Rexea, Rhenanoperca, Robertanniidae, Saldenioichthys, Scomberoides, Scombrolabracoidei, Scombrosphyraena, Scorpaenoidei, Selar, Serranoidei, Sparidae, Sphyraenoidei, Sphyraenops, Stromateoidei, Synagrops, Tetrapterus, Thalasseloetridae, Thyrsitocephalus, Trachinoidei, Trichiuroidei, Trispinachidae, Tungtingichthys, Wangia, Xiphioidei, Zoarcoidei  
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author | 
|---|---|
| 1859 | Perciformes Bleeker p. 613 | 
| 1964 | Perciformes Estes p. 51 | 
| 1975 | Perciformes Uyeno and Fujui | 
| 1981 | Perciformes Thurmond and Jones p. 101 | 
| 1987 | Perciformes Cione p. 114 | 
| 1989 | Perciformes Shoshani et al. p. 436 | 
| 1990 | Perciformes Nolf and Dockery III p. 10 | 
| 1993 | Perchiformes Cvancara and Hoganson p. 15 | 
| 1998 | Perciformes Fierstine p. 34 | 
| 1999 | Perciformes Fierstine p. 71 | 
| 1999 | Perciformes Weems p. 61 | 
| 2001 | Perciformes Fierstine p. 28 | 
| 2001 | Perciformes Purdy et al. p. 168 | 
| 2002 | Perciformes Day p. 335 | 
| 2002 | Perciformes Sepkoski | 
| 2003 | Perciformes Carnevale et al. | 
| 2003 | Perciformes López-Arbarello et al. p. 116 | 
| 2004 | Perciformes Martinelli and Forasiepi p. 260 | 
| 2004 | Perciformes Murray and Attia | 
| 2005 | Perciformes Fierstine | 
| 2005 | Perciformes Fierstine and Starnes p. 281 | 
| 2005 | Perciformes Friedman and Johnson p. 771 | 
| 2006 | Perciformes Malabarba et al. | 
| 2006 | Perciformes Nelson | 
| 2009 | Perciformes Bannikov and Carnevale p. 482 | 
| 2010 | Perciformes Böhme p. 10 | 
| 2011 | Perciformes Carnevale et al. | 
| 2011 | Perciformes Long p. 244 | 
| 2012 | Perciformes Fierstine et al. p. 113 | 
| 2012 | Perciformes Gottfried et al. | 
| 2013 | Perciformes Betancur et al. | 
| 2014 | Perciformes Bannikov p. 27 | 
| 2015 | Perciformes Arratia p. 66 | 
| 2016 | Perciformes Nelson et al. p. 430 | 
| 2018 | Perciformes Carnevale and Godfrey p. 175 | 
| 2019 | Perciformes van der Laan p. 85 | 
| 2025 | Perciformes Cicimurri et al. p. 87 | 
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Perciformes Bleeker 1859 [perch-like fish]
    show all | hide all
  G. Acanthonotus Cuvier 1800
  G. Alepes Swainson 1839
  G. †Amphiperca Weitzel 1933
  G. Anarhichas Linnaeus 1758
  G. Anarrhichthys Ayres 1855
  G. †Apolectus Cuvier and Valenciennes 1831
  G. †Aramichthys Signeux 1959
  G. †Avitolabrax Takai 1942
  G. Bairdiella Gill 1861
  Subor. Bembropoidei
    +
  Fm. Bembropidae Regan 1913
    +
  G. Bembrops Steindachner 1877
    +
   †Bembrops aequiformis Schwarzhans 2019
   †Bembrops grenfelli Schwarzhans 2019
   †Bembrops smigielskae Steurbaut 1984
   †Bembrops vandeveldae Steurbaut 1979
  G. †Bilinia Obrhelova 1971
  G. †Blabe White 1936
  Fm. †Brotulidae
    +
  G. †Eclipes Jordan and Gilbert 1919
    +
   Eclipes extensus Jordan 1919
   †Eclipes manni Jordan 1921
   †Eclipes santamonicae David 1943
   †Eclipes veternus Jordan and Gilbert 1919
    +
  Invalid names: Merriamina ectenes Jordan and Gilbert 1919 [synonym]
  G. †Merriamina Jordan and Gilbert 1919
  G. Callyodon Gronovius 1763
  G. Chaeturichthys Richardson 1844
  G. †Cockerellites Jordan 1923
  G. Coryphopterus Gill 1863
  Subor. †Cottoidei Agassiz 1835
    +
  Infraor. Anoplopomatales Betancur et al. 2013
    +
  
  Infraor. Cottales
    +
  Fm. Agonidae [poachers]
    +
  
  
  
  Fm. Cottidae
    +
  
  
  
  
  G. Cottus Linnaeus 1758
    +
   †Cottus brevis Agassiz 1839
   †Cottus cryptotremus Cope 1883
   †Cottus divaricatus Cope 1883
   †Cottus hypoceras Cope 1883
   †Cottus otiakensis Frost 1928
   †Cottus pontifex Cope 1883
  G. Icelinus Jordan 1887
    +
   Icelinus burchami Evermann and Goldborough 1907
   Icelinus filamentosus Gilbert 1890
   Icelinus fimbriatus Gilbert 1890
   Icelinus quadriseriatus Lockington 1880
   Icelinus tenuis Gilbert 1890
  G. †Maoricottus Schwarzhans 2019
    +
   †Maoricottus calidophilus Schwarzhans 2019
   †Maoricottus ovatus Schwarzhans 2019
  G. Scorpaenichthys Girard 1854
  Invalid names: Cyclopteridae Bonaparte 1831 [empty], Jordaniidae   [empty], Scorpaenichthyidae   [empty]
  Infraor. Gasterosteales
    +
  Fm. Aulorhynchidae Gill 1861
    +
  
  
  Fm. Gasterosteidae
    +
  G. Gasterosteus Linnaeus 1758
    +
   Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758 [three-spined stickleback]
    +
  Invalid names: Pungitius haynesi David 1945 [synonym]
   †Gasterosteus bispinosus Walbaum 1792
   †Gasterosteus canadus Linnaeus 1766
  Invalid names: Hypoptychidae   [empty]
  Infraor. Zoarcales
    +
  
  Fm. Cryptacanthodidae Gill 1861
    +
  
  Fm. Zaproridae Jordan 1896
    +
  
  
  Invalid names: Anarhichadidae   [empty], Cebidichthyidae   [empty], Eulophiidae   [empty], Lumpenidae   [empty], Opisthocentridae Jordan and Evermann 1898 [empty], Pholidae   [empty], Ptilichthyidae   [empty], Scytalinidae   [empty], Stichaeidae   [empty]
  G. Cottopsis Girard 1850
  G. †Ctenodentex Storms 1897
  G. †Dapaloides Gaudant 1985
  G. †Diaphyodus Schafhäutl 1863
  Fm. †Eocottidae Bannikov 2004
    +
  G. †Bassanichthys Bannikov 2006
    +
   †Bassanichthys pesciaraensis Bannikov 2004
  Invalid names: Bassania Bannikov 2004 [replaced]
  Invalid names: Bassanichthyinae Bannikov 2006 [invalid subgroup]
  G. †Eoluvarus Sahni and Choudhary 1977
  G. †Eoserranus Woodward 1908
  G. Epinnula Poey 1854
  G. Grammatorycnus Gill 1863
    +
   Grammatorycnus bicarinatus Quoy and Gaimard 1825
   Grammatorycnus bilineatus Rüppel 1836
  Fm. Haemulidae Gill 1885
    +
  G. †Allomorone Frizzell and Dante 1965
    +
   †Allomorone burlesonis Frizzell and Dante 1965
   Allomorone duplex Girard 1858
  G. Anisotremus Gill 1861
    +
   †Anisotremus rambo Lin and Nolf 2022
   Anisotremus virginicus Linnaeus 1758 [porkfish]
  Subfm. Haemulinae Gill 1885
    +
  G. Haemulon Cuvier 1829
    +
   Haemulon album Cuvier 1830 [white margate]
   Haemulon sciurus Shaw 1803 [blue striped grunt]
   †Haemulon strascinate Lin et al. 2017
   †Haemulon ypresiensis Lin et al. 2024
  G. Xenistius Jordan and Gilbert 1883
    +
   †Xenistius aculeatus Casier 1966
   †Xenistius obliquus Müller 1999
  G. Orthopristis Girard 1858
    +
   †Orthopristis proronchus Arambourg 1927
   Orthopristis ruber Cuvier 1830 [corocoro grunt]
  G. Pomadasys Lacépède 1802
    +
   Pomadasys argentea Forsskål 1775
   Pomadasys incisus Bowdich 1825
   †Pomadasys inflatus Bassoli 1906
   †Pomadasys ovalis Stinton 1957
   Pomadasys panamensis Steindachner 1876
   †Pomadasys steurbauti Nolf and Cappetta 1980
  G. Hypacanthus Agassiz 1845
  G. Hyperprosopon Gibbons 1854
  G. Isacia Jordan and Fesler 1894
  G. †Landanichthys Dartevelle and Casier 1949
  G. Lonchistium Myers 1935
  G. Lyconectes Gilbert 1895
  G. Maccullochella Whitley 1929
  G. Matarchia Boghachev 1942
  G. Menticirrhus Gill 1861
  G. Nebris Cuvier and Valenciennes 1830
  Subor. Notothenioidei
    +
  
  Invalid names: Artedidraconidae   [empty], Bathydraconidae   [empty], Bovichtidae   [empty], Channichthyidae   [empty], Eleginopsidae   [empty], Nototheniidae   [empty], Pseudaphritidae   [empty]
  G. †Odonteobolca Krell 1991
    +
   †Odonteobolca pygmaeus Agassiz 1838
   †Odonteobolca sparoides Agassiz 1839
  Invalid names: Odonteus Agassiz 1839 [replaced]
  G. †Palaeoperca Micklich 1978
  G. †Paraplatax Bogatchev 1938
  G. †Pararhenanoperca Micklich and Wuttke 1988
  G. †Pasaichthys Blot 1969
  G. Pennahia Fowler 1926
  G. Pentaprion Bleeker 1850
  G. Percalates Ramsay and Ogilby 1887
  Subor. Percoidei Bleeker 1859
    +
  
  G. †Bradyurus Gill 1904
    +
   †Bradyurus szajnochae de Zigno 1887
  Invalid names: Eolabroides Eastman 1914 [synonym]
  G. †Pavarottia Bannikov and Zorzin 2011
    +
   †Pavarottia lonardonii Bannikov and Zorzin 2011
   †Pavarottia maiseyi Bannikov 2016
  G. Perca Linnaeus 1758 [perch]
    +
   †Otolithus (Perca) striatus Frost 1934
   †Perca angusta Agassiz 1834
   †Perca beaumonti Agassiz 1836
   †Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus 1758
   †Perca lactarioides Lin et al. 2017
   †Perca lepidota Agassiz 1832
   †Perca meiformis Lin et al. 2017
   †Perca uraschista Reuss 1852
  Fm. Percidae Cuvier 1816 [perch]
    +
  G. †Acanthophoria Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
  G. †Lucioperca Cuvier 1817
    +
   †Lucioperca lucioperca Linnaeus 1758
   †Lucioperca zaissanica Lebedev 1959
  G. †Mioplosus Cope 1877
    +
   †Mioplosus abbreviatus Cope 1877
   †Mioplosus beani Cope 1877
   †Mioplosus labracoides Cope 1877
   †Mioplosus longus Cope 1877
   †Mioplosus multidentatus Cope 1891
   †Mioplosus sauvageanus Cope 1884
  G. †Plioplarchus Cope 1883
    +
   †Plioplarchus septemspinosus Cope 1889
   †Plioplarchus sexspinosus Cope 1883
   †Plioplarchus whitei Cope 1883
  Fm. †Pomadasyidae
    +
  G. Brachydeuterus Gill 1862
    +
   †Brachydeuterus latior Schubert 1906
   Brachydeuterus speronatus Bassoli 1906
  G. †Pomadasyidarum Smith 
    +
   †Pomadasyidarum krebsi Schwarzhans 1980
   †Pomadasyidarum longicaudatus Schwarzhans 1980
   Pomadasyidarum lucidus Bassoli 1906
  Fm. Symphysanodontidae Katayama 1984
    +
  
  Invalid names: Apolectidae   [empty], Ephippididae   [empty], Percoidae   [empty], Platacidae   [empty], Sparoidea Johnson 1980 [empty]
  G. †Percoideorum Bleeker 1859
    +
   †Percoideorum electilis Stinton and Nolf 1970
   †Percoideorum pseudatherina Nolf and Bajpai 1992
   †Percoideorum pseudochanda Nolf and Dockery III 1990
   †Percoideorum sciaenoides Nolf and Bajpai 1992
  G. Phanerodon Girard 1854
  G. †Phosphichthys Arambourg 1952
  G. †Plagioholocentrus Rabeder 1978
  Fm. Platycephalidae
    +
  G. Platycephalus Bloch 1795
    +
   †Platycephalus aculeatus Stinton and Nolf 1970
   †Platycephalus fluctuosus Nolf 1972
   †Platycephalus iaiunus Schwarzhans 2019
   †Platycephalus lafondi Steurbaut 1984
   †Platycephalus maxwelli Schwarzhans 1980
   †Platycephalus parapercoides Schwarzhans 1980
   †Platycephalus petilus Stinton 1957
   †Platycephalus poyartinensis Steurbaut 1984
   †Platycephalus riremoana Schwarzhans 2019
  G. †Platylates Storms 1887
  G. †Priacanthopsis Fowler 1906
  Fm. †Propercarinidae Bannikov 1995
    +
  
  G. Psenes Cuvier and Valenciennes 1833
  G. Pseudoscarus Bleeker 1861
  G. Rexea Waite 1911
  G. †Rhenanoperca Gaudant and Micklich 1990
  Fm. †Robertanniidae
    +
  
  
  G. †Saldenioichthys López-Arbarello et al. 2003
    +
   †Saldenioichthys remotus López-Arbarello et al. 2003
  G. †Scomberoides Lacépède 1802
  G. †Scombrosphyraena Fourmanoir 1970
  Subor. Scorpaenoidei Garman 1899
    +
  Fm. Scorpaenidae Risso 1827
    +
  G. Pontinus Poey 1860
    +
   †Pontinus ellipticus Koken 1884
   †Pontinus karasawai Schwarzhans et al. 2017
   †Pontinus robustus Steurbaut 1984
  G. †Rhomarchus Jordan and Gilbert 1919
  G. Scorpaena Linnaeus 1758 [scorpionfish]
    +
   †Scorpaena boulei Arambourg 1927
   †Scorpaena corallophilus Schwarzhans 2003
   †Scorpaena ensiger Jordan and Gilbert 1919
   †Scorpaena jeanneli Arambourg 1927
   †Scorpaena osterodenensis Schwarzhans 2007
   †Scorpaena pilari Kramberger 1882
   †Scorpaena tessieri Sauvage 1873
  G. †Scorpaenidarum Risso 1826
    +
   †Scorpaenidarum acutus Frost 1934
   †Scorpaenidarum johannaensis Schwarzhans 1985
   †Scorpaenidarum menzeli Schwarzhans 2007
  G. Sebastes Cuvier 1829
    +
  Subg. Sebastes (Rosicola) Jordan and Evermann 1896
  Subg. Sebastes (Sebastodes) Gill 1861
    +
   †Sebastes (Sebastodes) davidi Barsukov 1989
   †Sebastes (Sebastodes) defitnetus Barsukov 1989
   †Sebastes (Sebastodes) thermophilus Barsukov 1989
   †Sebastes (Sebastodes) velox Barsukov 1989
  Subg. †Sebastodes (Sebastoessus) Jordan 1921
   †Sebastodes fissicostatus Stinton 1962
  Subg. Sebastes (Sebastomus) Gill 1864
   †Sebastes apostates Jordan 1921
   Sebastes eos Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890
   Sebastes goodei Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890
   †Sebastes ineziae Jordan and Gilbert 1920
   Sebastes jordani Gilbert 1896
   Sebastes miniatus Jordan and Gilbert 1880
   Sebastes paucispinis Ayres 1854
   †Sebastes rosae Eigenmann 1900
   Sebastes serranoides Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890
  G. Sebastichthys Gill 1862
  G. Sebastolobus Gill 1881
  Subfm. †Setarchinae Matsubara 1943
    +
  
  Invalid names: Scorpaeninae   [empty]
  G. †Scorpaenoideorum Unknown 
  Fm. Sebastidae
    +
  G. †Sebastavus Jordan and Gilbert 1919
    +
   †Sebastavus elatus Steindachner 1860
   †Sebastavus vertebralis Jordan and Gilbert 1919
  Fm. Synanceiidae
    +
  
  
  Invalid names: Setarchidae Matsubara 1943 [empty], Tetrarogidae   [empty]
  G. Selar Bleeker 1851
  Subor. Serranoidei
    +
  Fm. Serranidae Swainson 1839
    +
  G. Centropristis Cuvier 1829
    +
   †Centropristes exsculptus Stinton and Nolf 1970
   †Centropristis elongatus Sulc 1932
  G. Diplectrum Holbrook 1855 [sand perch]
  Subfm. †Epinephelinae Jordan and Eigenmann 1890
    +
  
  G. Epinephelus Bloch 1793
    +
   †Epinephelus itajara Lichtenstein 1822
   †Epinephelus longispinis Arambourg 1927
   †Epinephelus ovalis Stinton 1957
   †Epinephelus plicatus Stinton 1978
   †Epinephelus progigas Arambourg 1927
  G. Mycteroperca Gill 1862
  G. Neanthias Steindachner 1880
  G. †Plesioserranus Casier 1966
  G. †Prolates Priem 1899
    +
   †Prolates dormaalensis Casier 1967
   †Prolates heberti Gervais 1852
  Invalid names: Pseudolates Priem 1898 [replaced]
  G. Seriphus Ayres 1860
    +
   †Seriphus lavenbergi Huddleston and Takeuchi 2006
   Seriphus politus Ayres 1860
  G. Serranus Cuvier 1817
    +
  Subg. Serranus (Serranellus) Jordan 1890
   †Serranus aquitaniensis Steurbaut 1984
   Serranus cabrilla Linnaeus 1758
   †Serranus celebratus Danil'chenko 1968
   †Serranus comparabilis Danil'chenko 1960
   †Serranus cretaceus Bayer 1902
   †Serranus elongatus Pauca 1929
   †Serranus itajara Lichtenstein 1822
   †Serranus occipitalis Agassiz 1835
   Serranus scriba Linnaeus 1758
   †Serranus simionescui Pauca 1929
   †Serranus ventralis Agassiz 1835
   Serranus wemmeliensis Storms 1898
  G. †Tavania Landini and Menesini 1978
  Fm. Sparidae Bonaparte 1832
    +
  
  
  
  G. Calamus Swainson 1839
  G. Crenidens Cuvier and Valenciennes 1830
    +
   Crenidens intermedius Arambourg 1927
  Invalid names: Crenidens Cuvier and Valenciennes 1830 [objective synonym]
  G. †Crommyodus Cope 1869
    +
   †Crommyodus irregularis Cope 1869
  Invalid names: Phacodus Cope 1869 [replaced]
  G. Dentex Cuvier 1815
    +
  
  Subg. Dentex (Polysteganus) Klunzinger  1870
    +
   †Dentex (Polysteganus) gregarius Nolf and Steurbaut 1979
   †Dentex (Polysteganus) macropthalmus Bloch 1791
   †Dentex (Polysteganus) perneri Sulc 1932
   †Dentex balonggensis Vorstman 1927
   †Dentex barbarus Arambourg 1927
   †Dentex breviceps Agassiz 1839
   †Dentex crassispinus Agassiz 1839
   †Dentex elegans Prochazka 1893
   †Dentex faujasii Agassiz 1839
   Dentex gregarius Koken 1891
   †Dentex leptacanthus Agassiz 1835
   †Dentex microdon Agassiz 1839
   †Dentex nobilis Koken 1891
   †Dentex nobilis miocenia Weiler 1950
   †Dentex pentagonalis Stinton 1957
   †Dentex pulcher Frost 1934
   †Dentex subnobilis Schubert 1906
   †Dentex tardinensis Leriche 1908
   †Dentex ventralis Agassiz 1839
   †Otolithus (Dentex) dubius Priem 1906
  G. Pagrus Lacépède 1802
    +
   Pagrus auratus Forster 1801
   †Pagrus bognoriensis Casier 1966
   †Pagrus hyneus Purdy et al. 2001
   †Pagrus mauritanicus Arambourg 1927
  G. †Rhythmias Jordan and Gilbert 1920
    +
   †Rhythmias gaviotae David 1943
   †Rhythmias starrii Jordan and Gilbert 1920
  Subfm. †Sparinae Sparinae 
    +
  
  G. Oblada Cuvier 1829
    +
   †Oblada chainei Steurbaut and Jonet 1982
   †Oblada joneti Stinton and Nolf 1970
  G. Pagellus Cuvier and Valenciennes 1830
    +
   †Pagellus acarne Risso 1826
   †Pagellus albuquerquae Steurbaut and Jonet 1982
   †Pagellus concavus Frost 1926
   Pagellus coupei Dieuzeide 1960
   †Pagellus gregarius Koken 1891
   †Pagellus leptosomus Arambourg 1927
   †Pagellus leptosteus Agassiz 1839
   †Pagellus libanicus Pictet 1850
   †Pagellus marbellensis Sulc 1932
   †Pagellus pamunkeyensis Lin and Nolf 2022
   †Pagellus stenoura Sauvage 1873
  Invalid names: Pagellinae   [empty]
  G. Sphyraenops Poey 1860
  Subor. Stromateoidei Regan 1909
    +
  
  G. †Synagrops Guenther 1887
  Fm. Thalasseloetridae Gill and Mooi 2012
    +
  G. Grahamichthys Whitley 1956
    +
   †Grahamichthys frigophila Schwarzhans 2019
   †Grahamichthys pectenoides Grenfell 1984
  G. †Thyrsitocephalus Rath 1859
  Subor. †Trachinoidei
    +
  Fm. †Callipterygidae
    +
  G. †Callipteryx Agassiz 1835
    +
   †Callipteryx recticaudus Agassiz 1839
   †Callipteryx speciosus Agassiz 1835
  Invalid names: Mugiloididae   [empty]
  G. †Tungtingichthys Liu et al. 1962
  G. †Wangia Fowler 1954
  Invalid names: Ammodytoidei   [empty], Arripidae   [empty], Banjosidae   [empty], Cottioidei   [empty], Icosteoidei   [empty], Labroidea Malabarba et al. 2006 [empty], Mugiloidei   [empty], Perciliidae   [empty], Percophidae   [empty], Scombrolabracoidei   [empty], Sphyraenoidei Bannikov 2014 [empty], Trichiuroidei   [empty], Xiphioidei Swainson 1839 [empty], Zoarcoidei   [empty]
  
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils:  base of the Late/Upper Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 100.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Collections (431 total)
Oldest occurrences  | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Cenomanian | Lebanon | Acanthophoria libanica (221161) | |
| Middle Turonian | Czechia | Serranus cretaceus (242200) | |
| Late/Upper Santonian | Lebanon | Pagellus libanicus (221187) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Argentina (Río Negro) | Percoidei indet. (45087) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Percoidei indet. (185024) | |
| Lancian | USA (Montana) | Perciformes indet. (14534) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Bolivia (Cochabamba) | Latidae indet. (12855) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Brazil (Minas Gerais) | Perciformes indet. (83250) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Percoideorum ellipticus, Percoideorum rangapurensis, Percoideorum sp. 1, Percoideorum sp. 2 (27014) Serranidae indet. (122240) | |
| Maastrichtian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Saldenioichthys remotus (241447) | |
| Maastrichtian | Mali | Sparidae indet. (114954) | |
| Maastrichtian | India (Maharashtra) | Eoserranus hislopi (11604) Eoserranus sp. (60397) | |
| Maastrichtian | France | Prolates heberti (195628) | |
| Puercan | USA (Montana) | Perciformes indet. (14766) | |
| Danian | Greenland | Haemulidarum sp. (22943) | |
| Paleocene | Saudi Arabia (Makkah) | Palaeopercichthys arabis (140975) | |
| Selandian | USA (Alabama) | Serranidae indet. (87817) | |
| Selandian - Thanetian | Ukraine | Haemulidarum gullentopsi, Haemulidarum makarenkoi (159509) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | France (Oise) | Diaphyodus sp. (166598) | |
| Thanetian - Ypresian | Peru (Puno) | Latidae indet. (28230) | |