| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Taxonomy
Monachus was named by Flemming (1822) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio-u R]. It is extant. Its type is Monachus monachus.
It was assigned to Stenorhyncina by Gray (1866); to Phocinae by Gill (1866) and Allen (1880); to Ogmorhininae by Turner (1912); to Monachina by Gray (1871) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Carnivora by Sepkoski (2002); to Phocidae by Gray (1850), Scott (1873), Palmer (1904), Zittel (1925), Dal Piaz (1929), Sherman (1952), Vidal (1991), Wilson and Reeder (2005) and Werdelin and Peigne (2010); to Monachini by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982), Koretsky (2001), Koretsky and Grigorescu (2002), Davis et al. (2004), Fulton and Strobeck (2010), Amson and Muizon (2013) and Berta et al. (2018); and to Monachinae by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947), Burns and Fay (1970), Hendey (1972), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Riedman (1990), Rice (1998), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Holec (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Adam (2004), Berta (2009), Berta (2018) and Kienle and Berta (2019).
It was assigned to Stenorhyncina by Gray (1866); to Phocinae by Gill (1866) and Allen (1880); to Ogmorhininae by Turner (1912); to Monachina by Gray (1871) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Carnivora by Sepkoski (2002); to Phocidae by Gray (1850), Scott (1873), Palmer (1904), Zittel (1925), Dal Piaz (1929), Sherman (1952), Vidal (1991), Wilson and Reeder (2005) and Werdelin and Peigne (2010); to Monachini by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982), Koretsky (2001), Koretsky and Grigorescu (2002), Davis et al. (2004), Fulton and Strobeck (2010), Amson and Muizon (2013) and Berta et al. (2018); and to Monachinae by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947), Burns and Fay (1970), Hendey (1972), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Riedman (1990), Rice (1998), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Holec (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Adam (2004), Berta (2009), Berta (2018) and Kienle and Berta (2019).
Species
Synonyms
|
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1822 | Monachus Flemming p. 187 |
| 1824 | Pelagios Cuvier p. 196 |
| 1825 | Pelagios Gray p. 340 |
| 1842 | Pelagocyon Gloger p. 163 |
| 1850 | Monachus Gray p. 17 |
| 1854 | Heliophoca Gray |
| 1866 | Monachus Gill p. 5 |
| 1866 | Monachus Gray p. 16 |
| 1871 | Monachus Gray p. 3 |
| 1873 | Monachus Scott p. 32 |
| 1880 | Monachus Allen p. 707 |
| 1898 | Monachus Trouessart p. 378 |
| 1899 | Mammonachus Herrera p. 13 |
| 1904 | Monachus Palmer p. 430 |
| 1904 | Monachus Trouessart p. 282 |
| 1912 | Monachus Turner p. 205 |
| 1925 | Monachus Zittel p. 78 |
| 1929 | Monachus Dal Piaz p. 71 |
| 1947 | Monachus Friant p. 6 |
| 1952 | Monachus Sherman p. 90 |
| 1963 | Monachus Scheffer and Rice p. 3 |
| 1970 | Monachus Burns and Fay p. 380 |
| 1972 | Monachus Hendey p. 100 |
| 1980 | Monachus Kurten and Anderson p. 207 |
| 1981 | Monachus Muizon p. 135 |
| 1982 | Monachus Muizon p. 205 figs. Table 1 |
| 1990 | Monachus Riedman p. 57 figs. Table 2 |
| 1991 | Monachus Vidal p. 6 |
| 1997 | Monachus McKenna and Bell p. 259 |
| 1998 | Monachus Rice |
| 2001 | Monachus Koretsky p. 86 |
| 2002 | Monachus Berta p. 923 |
| 2002 | Monachus Koretsky and Grigorescu p. 151 |
| 2002 | Monachus Koretsky and Holec p. 175 |
| 2002 | Monachus Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Monachus Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3 |
| 2004 | Monachus Adam p. 1 |
| 2004 | Monachus Davis et al. p. 365 |
| 2005 | Monachus Wilson and Reeder |
| 2009 | Monachus Berta p. 863 |
| 2010 | Monachus Fulton and Strobeck p. 817 figs. Figure 1 |
| 2010 | Monachus Werdelin and Peigne p. 648 |
| 2013 | Monachus Amson and Muizon |
| 2018 | Monachus Berta p. 715 figs. Fig. 3C |
| 2018 | Monachus Berta et al. p. 210 figs. Fig. 2 |
| 2019 | Monachus Kienle and Berta |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Monachus Flemming 1822 [monk seal]
show all | hide all
Subg. Monachus (Monachus) Trouessart 1898
Subg. †Monachus (Monatherium) Van Beneden 1876
Monachus monachus Hermann 1779 [Mediterranean monk seal]
hide
Invalid names: Monachus albiventer Boddaert 1785 [synonym]
Invalid names: Heliophoca Gray 1854 [synonym], Mammonachus Herrera 1899 [synonym], Pelagios Cuvier 1824 [synonym], Pelagocyon Gloger 1842 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean |
|---|
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
| Source: f = family, c = class, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Gingerich 2003, Carreño and Cronin 1993 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Pleistocene to the top of the Holocene or 2.58800 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.781 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.781 Ma
Collections (12 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | France (Alpes Maritimes) | Monachus albiventer (50342) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Morocco | Monachus albiventer (21856 21857 21859) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Morocco | Monachus monachus (34287) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Spain | Monachus monachus (90036) | |
| Holocene | Spain (Cantabria) | Monachus monachus (101904) | |
| Holocene | Italy | Monachus monachus (168609) | |
| Holocene | Portugal | Monachus monachus (90112 90113) | |
| Holocene | Bulgaria | Monachus monachus (232847) | |
| Holocene | Italy (Sardinia) | Monachus monachus (183397) |