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Strigidae (true owl)

Reptilia - Strigiformes - Strigidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1825Strigidae Vigors
1892Otus henrici Milne-Edwards
1902Strigidae Hay p. 536
1930Strigidae Hay p. 349
1933Strigidae Lambrecht p. 613
1940Strigidae Wetmore p. 67
1941Asio pygmaeus Serebrovs'kyj
1956Strigidae Wetmore p. 86
1982Strigidae Olson and James p. 37
1985Strigidae Olson p. 130
1987Selenornis henrici Mourer-Chauviré p. 109
1988Strigidae Carroll
1989Strigidae Alcover p. 99
1991Strigidae Olson and James p. 67
1992Strigidae Guthrie p. 324
1992Strigidae Parmalee p. 314
2006Strigidae Walker and Dyke p. 97
2007Strigidae Livezey and Zusi p. 93
2014Strigidae del Hoyo et al.
2017Strigidae Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
RankNameAuthor
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
—Neognathae(Pycraft 1900)
—NeoavesSibley et al. 1988
—Terrestrornithes
—Dendrornithes
—RaptoresBaird 1858
superorderFalconimorphae
orderStrigiformesWagler 1830
familyStrigidaeVigors 1825
familyStrigidaeVigors 1825

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Strigidae Vigors 1825 [true owl]
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G. Aegolius Kaup 1829
+
Aegolius acadicus Gmelin 1788 [northern saw-whet owl]
Aegolius funereus Linnaeus 1758 [boreal owl]
†Aegolius gradyi Olson 2012 [owl]
†Aegolius martae Pavia 2008
G. †Alasio Mlíkovský 1998
G. Asio Brisson 1760
+
Asio asio Brisson 1760
Asio flammeus Pontoppidan 1763 [short-eared owl]
†Asio henrici Milne-Edwards 1891
†Asio longaevus Umans'ka 1979
Asio madagascariensis Smith 1834 [Madagascar long-eared owl]
Asio otus Linnaeus 1758 [long-eared owl]
†Asio priscus Howard 1964
Asio stygius Wagler 1832 [stygian owl]
Invalid names: Noctua Gmelin 1771 [synonym], Nyctalops Wagler 1832 [synonym]
G. Athene Scopoli 1769
+
†Athene angelis Mourer-Chauviré 1997
†Athene cretensis Weesie 1982
Athene cunicularia Molina 1782 [burrowing owl]
+
Invalid names: Glaucidium dickinsoni Brodkorb 1959 [synonym], Otus providentiae Brodkorb 1959 [synonym]
Athene noctua Scopoli 1769 [little owl]
Athene superciliaris Vieillot 1817 [white-browed owl]
†Athene veta Janossy 1974
Invalid names: Carine Kaup [synonym]
G. †Basityto Mlíkovský 1998
+
†Basityto rummeli Mlíkovský 1998
G. Bubo Dumeril 1806 [eagle-owl]
+
Bubo africanus Temminck 1821 [spotted eagle-owl]
†Bubo arvernensis Milne-Edwards 1863
Bubo bubo Linnaeus 1758 [Eurasian eagle-owl]
†Bubo florianae Kretzoi 1957
†Bubo incertus Milne-Edwards 1891
†Bubo insularis Mourer-Chauvire and Weesie 1986
Bubo lacteus Temminck 1820 [Verreaux's eagle-owl]
†Bubo leguati Rothschild 1907
†Bubo poirrieri Milne-Edwards 1863
Bubo scandiacus Linnaeus 1758 [snowy owl]
†Bubo sinclairi Miller 1911 [owl]
Bubo sumatranus Raffles 1822 [barred eagle-owl]
Bubo virginianus Gmelin 1788 [great horned owl]
Invalid names: Nyctea Stephens 1826 [synonym]
G. Ciccaba Wagler 1832
+
Ciccaba virgata Cassin 1849 [mottled owl]
G. Cryptoglaux Richmond 1901
G. Glaucidium Boie 1826 [pygmy-owl]
+
†Glaucidium explorator Emslie 1998
Glaucidium gnoma Wagler 1832 [northern pygmy-owl]
Glaucidium passerinum Linnaeus 1758 [Eurasian pygmy-owl]
G. †Grallistrix Olson and James 1991
+
†Grallistrix auceps Olson and James 1991 [long-legged Kauai owl]
†Grallistrix erdmani Olson and James 1991
†Grallistrix geleches Olson and James 1991
†Grallistrix orion Olson and James 1991
G. †Intulula Mlíkovský 1998
+
†Intulula tinnipara Mlíkovský 1998
G. Ketupa Lesson 1830
+
Ketupa ketupu Horsfield 1821 [buffy fish-owl]
Ketupa zeylonensis Gmelin 1788 [brown fish-owl]
G. Margarobyas Olson and Suárez 2008
G. Megascops Kaup 1848
+
Megascops asio Linnaeus 1758 [eastern screech-owl]
Megascops kennicottii Elliot 1867 [western screech-owl]
Invalid names: Gymnasio Bonaparte 1854 [synonym]
G. Micrathene Coues 1866 [elf owl]
G. Micropallas Coues 1889
+
G. †Mioglaux Mlíkovský 1998
+
†Mioglaux debellatrix Mlíkovský 1998
G. †Necrobyas Milne-Edwards 1891
+
†Necrobyas edwardsi Gaillard 1939
†Necrobyas harpax Milne-Edwards 1891
†Necrobyas minimus Mourer-Chauviré 1987
†Necrobyas rossignoli Milne-Edwards 1891
G. Ninox Hodgson 1837
+
Ninox novaeseelandiae Gmelin 1788 [southern boobook]
Ninox variegata Quoy and Gaimard 1830 [Bismarck boobook]
+
Invalid names: Ninox solomonis Sharpe 1876 [synonym]
G. †Oraristrix Campbell and Bochenski 2010
+
†Oraristrix brea Howard 1933 [Brea owl]
G. †Ornimegalonyx Arredondo 1958 [Cuban giant owl]
+
†Ornimegalonyx oteroi Arredondo 1958
G. Otus Pennant 1769 [scops owl]
+
Otus flammeolus Kaup 1853 [flammulated owl]
†Otus frutuosoi Rando et al. 2013 [São Miguel scops owl]
†Otus grucheti Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1994 [Gruchet's Mascarene owl]
†Otus guidlayi Brodkorb and Mourer-Chauvire 1984
†Otus guildayi Brodkorb and Mourer-Chauvire 1984
Otus lempiji Horsfield 1821 [Sunda scops-owl]
Otus manadensis Quoy and Gaimard 1830 [Sulawesi scops-owl]
†Otus mauli Rando et al. 2012 [Madeiran scops owl]
†Otus murivorus Milne-Edwards 1874
Otus rutilus Pucheran 1849 [Malagasy scops-owl]
†Otus sauzieri Newton and Gadow 1893 [Mauritius owl]
+
Invalid names: Strix newtoni Rothschild 1907 [synonym]
Otus scops Linnaeus 1758 [European scops-owl]
Otus trichopsis Wagler 1832
Invalid names: Mascarenotus Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1994 [synonym], Scops Savigny 1809 [synonym]
G. †Palaeoglaux Mourer-Chauviré 1987
+
†Palaeoglaux artophoron Peters 1992
†Palaeoglaux perrierensis Mourer-Chauviré 1987
G. †Prosybris Brodkorb 1970
+
†Prosybris antiqua Milne-Edwards 1863
†Prosybris medius Mourer-Chauviré 1987
G. †Sceloglaux Kaup 1848
+
†Sceloglaux albifacies Gray 1844 [laughing owl]
G. Speotyto Gloger 1841
G. †Strigogyps Gaillard 1908
+
†Strigogyps dubius Gaillard 1908
G. Strix Linnaeus 1758
+
Strix aluco Linnaeus 1758 [tawny owl]
†Strix antiqua Milne-Edwards 1863
†Strix brevis Ballman 1969
†Strix collongensis Ballman 1972
†Strix dakota Miller 1944 [owl]
†Strix edwardsi Ennouchi 1930
†Strix ignota Paris 1912
Strix leptogrammica Temminck 1832 [brown wood-owl]
†Strix melitensis Lydekker 1891
Strix nebulosa Forster 1772 [great gray owl]
Strix occidentalis Xántus 1860 [spotted owl]
Strix passerina Linnaeus 1758 [Eurasian pygmy-owl]
†Strix perpasta Ballman 1976
†Strix sancti Lydekker 1893
†Strix sancti albani Lydekker 1893
Strix uralensis Pallas 1771 [Ural owl]
Strix varia Barton 1799 [barred owl]
†Strix wintershofensis Ballman 1969
Invalid names: Syrnium Savigny 1809 [synonym]
G. Surnia Duméril 1806 [northern hawk owl]
+
†Surnia capeki Jánossy 1972
†Surnia robusta Jánossy 1977
Surnia ulula Linnaeus 1758 [northern hawk owl]
Subfm. Surniinae del Hoyo et al. 2014
+
Tr. Surniini Weick 2006
+
G. †Miosurnia Li et al. 2022
+
†Miosurnia diurna Li et al. 2022
Invalid names: Asio pygmaeus Serebrovs'kyj 1941 [invalid subgroup], Ieraglaucinae Bonaparte 1854 [empty], Otus henrici Milne-Edwards 1892 [invalid subgroup], Striginae del Hoyo et al. 2014 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialf
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: volantf
Diet: carnivoref
Diet 2: insectivoref
Vision: well-developedo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Brooding: yeso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 16:55:38
Modified: 2009-01-03 18:55:38
Source: f = family, o = order
References: Thiollay 1994, Marsh 1875, Kurochkin and Dyke 2011

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MP 11 to the top of the Holocene or 48.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 40.4 Ma

Collections (264 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
MP 1148.6 - 40.4Germany (Hessen) Strigogyps sapea (22701) Strigogyps sp., Palaeoglaux artophoron (120798)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Ile-de-France Region) Necrobyas rossignoli (31739)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées) Strigogyps dubius, Palaeoglaux perrierrensis (183665)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Miocene37.2 - 15.97France (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées) Necrobyas medius, Selenornis henrici (179194)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Belgium Necrobyas harpax, Prosybris antiqua (31748)
MP 2233.9 - 28.4France (Nouvelle-Aquitaine ) Necrobyas harpax (183511)
MP 2333.9 - 28.4France (Quercy) Necrobyas minimus (36711)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03France Necrobyas edwardsi (220584)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Kenya Otus sp. (21726)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (South Dakota) Strix dakota (17912)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Spain (Catalonia) Strigidae indet. (180192)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Kenya Strigidae indet. (22241)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Italy (Cuneo) Strigidae indet. (175903)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333China Miosurnia diurna (224381)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Ukraine Strigidae indet. (187783)
Late/Upper Miocene - Pleistocene11.608 - 0.0117Ukraine Bubo longaevus (39817)
MN 911.1 - 9.7Hungary (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén) Athene sp., Strix brevis (75481)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333Russian Federation (Rostovskaya Oblast') Strix sp., Bubo sp. (174455)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Piedmont) Strigidae indet. (172910 172912 172914 172915 172916 199859 199860)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Spain Athene veta (125326)