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Ovalentaria

Osteichthyes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2012Ovalentaria Smith and Near
2016Ovalentaria Nelson et al. p. 333
2019Ovalentaria Ebersole et al. p. 166
2019Ovalentaria van der Laan p. 78
2024Ovalentaria Ebersole et al. p. 13
2025Ovalentaria Cicimurri et al. p. 81

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
RankNameAuthor
subclassActinopterygii()
infraclassActinopteri()
—Teleosteomorpha
—Acanthopterygii
—Percomorphaceae
—OvalentariaSmith and Near 2012
—OvalentariaSmith and Near 2012

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Ovalentaria Smith and Near 2012
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G. †Ambassis Cuvier 1828
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Ambassis simesi Schwarzhans 2019
G. †Dapalis Gistl 1848
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†Dapalis antipodus Schwarzhans 1980
†Dapalis meldertensis Nolf 1972
Superor. Atherinomorphae Greenwood et al. 1966
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Or. Atheriniformes Rosen 1966 [silverside]
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Fm. Atherinidae Risso 1827
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G. Atherina Linnaeus 1758
G. †Atherinidarum Risso 1827
G. Atherinomorus Fowler 1903
G. †Merriamella Jordan 1907
G. †Toroatherina Schwarzhans 2019
Fm. Atherionidae Schultz 1948
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G. Atherion Jordan and Starks 1901
Invalid names: Bedotiidae [empty], Dentatherinidae [empty], Isonidae [empty], Melanotaeniidae [empty], Phallostethidae [empty], Pseudomugilidae [empty], Telmatherinidae [empty]
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Fm. Atherinopsidae Fitzinger 1873
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G. Atherinops Steindachner 1875
G. Atherinopsis Girard 1854
G. Leuresthes Jordan and Gilbert 1880
G. †Zanteclites Jordan and Gilbert 1919
G. Chirostoma Swainson 1839
G. Colpichthys Hubbs 1918
G. Menidia Bonaparte 1836
G. †Palaeoatherina Ferrandini and Gaudant 1977
G. Pranesus Whitley 1930
G. Stenatherina Schulz 1948
Invalid names: Notocheiridae [empty]
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+
Invalid names: Adrianichthyidae [empty]
Subor. Belonoidei
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Fm. Belonidae Bonaparte 1835
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G. Belone Oken 1816
G. †Belonidarum Unknown
G. Platybelone Fowler 1919
G. Scomberesox Lacépède 1803
Fm. Exocoetidae Risso 1827
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G. †Halocypselus Weinland 1858
G. †Rhamphexocoetus Bannikov et al. 1985
Invalid names: Clupea evolans Blainville 1818 [nomen dubium], Rhamphexocoetinae Bannikov et al. 1985 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. Hemiramphidae Gill 1859
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G. †Ectomirhamphus Gaemers 1984
G. †Eoexocoetus David 1947
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Invalid names: Hemiexocoetus David 1946 [replaced]
G. †Euleptorhamphus Gill 1860
G. †Hemiramphus Cuvier 1817
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Invalid names: Hemirhamphus Voigt 1832 [synonym]
G. †Hemirhamphidarum Unknown
G. Hyporhamphus Gill 1860
G. †Rogenites Jordan 1919
G. †Zelosis Jordan and Gilbert 1920
Invalid names: Zenarchopteridae [empty]
Fm. †Cobitopsidae Jordan 1905
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G. Cobitopsis Pomel 1853
G. †Rogenio Jordan 1907
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†Rogenio bowersi Jordan 1907
†Rogenio vanclevei Jordan and Gilbert 1919
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G. †Praescomberesox David 1946
G. †Scomberessus Jordan 1921
Fm. †Forficidae Jordan and Gilbert 1919
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G. †Forfex Jordan and Gilbert 1919
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†Forfex hypuralis Jordan and Gilbert 1919
G. †Rhomurus Jordan 1919
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†Rhomurus fulcratus Jordan 1919
G. †Zelotichthys Jordan 1925
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†Zelotichthys alhambrae Jordan 1921
Invalid names: Zelotes Jordan 1921 [replaced]
G. †Hemilampronites Geinitz 1868
Invalid names: Tselfatoidei Bertin and Arambourg 1958 [empty]
Or. Cyprinodontiformes Bertin 1958
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+
G. †Jenynsia Günther 1866
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†Jenynsia herbsti Sverco et al. 2022
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Fm. †Kenyaichthyidae Altner and Reichenbacher 2015
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G. †Kenyaichthys Altner and Reichenbacher 2015
Invalid names: Aplocheilidae [empty]
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G. Aphanius Nardo 1827 [nono]
G. Cyprinodon Lacépède 1803
G. †Cyprinodontidarum Unknown
G. †Lebias Agassiz 1832
G. †Parafundulus Eastman
G. †Prolebias Sauvage 1874
G. †Trichophanes Cope 1872
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G. Fundulus Lacépède 1803
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G. †Gephyrura Cope 1891
G. †Paralebias Gaudant 2013
Fm. †Goodeidae Jordan and Gilbert 1883
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G. †Empetrichthys Gilbert 1893
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†Empetrichthys erdisi Jordan 1924
Subfm. †Goodeinae Jordan and Gilbert 1883
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G. †Paleocharacodon Caballero-Viñas et al. 2023
G. †Tapatia Álvarez and Arriola-Longoria 1972
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†Tapatia occidentalis Álvarez and Arriola-Longoria 1972
Invalid names: Nothobranchiidae [empty], Profundulidae [empty], Rivulidae [empty], Valenciidae [empty]
Fm. †Mesogasteridae Bannikov 2008
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G. †Latellagnathus Bannikov 2008
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†Latellagnathus teruzzii Bannikov 2008
G. †Mesogaster Agassiz 1835
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†Mesogaster cretaceus von der Marck 1885
†Mesogaster sphyraenoides Agassiz 1835
Fm. †Rhamphognathidae Bannikov 2008
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G. †Rhamphognathus Agassiz 1835
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Invalid names: Rhamphognathus pompilius Agassiz 1839 [synonym]
Invalid names: Atherinea [empty], Cyprinodontea [empty]
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Subor. Blennioidei Agassiz 1835
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G. †Blenniidarum Unknown
G. Blennius Linnaeus 1758
G. Clinus Cuvier 1817
G. Exallias Jordan and Evermann 1905
G. †Parablennius Ribeiro 1915
G. †Paranarrhichas Bohm 1926
G. Salaria Forskål 1775
G. Tripterygion Risso 1826
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G. Dactylagnus Gill 1863
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G. Forsterygion Whitley and Phillipps 1939
G. Gilloblennius Whitley and Phillipps 1939
G. Matanui Jawad and Clements 2004
G. Ruanoho Hardy 1986
G. †Tongarewa Schwarzhans 2019
Invalid names: Chaenopsidae [empty], Clinidae [empty], Labrisomidae [empty]
+
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G. †Bulbiceps Jordan 1919
Invalid names: Anarrhichthyidae [empty], Atopoclinidae [empty], Emblemariidae [empty], Notograptidae [empty], Ophioclinidae [empty], Peronedyidae [empty], Runulidae [empty], Xenocephalidae [empty], Xiphisternidae [empty]
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G. Lonchopisthus Myers 1935
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G. Opistognathus Cuvier 1816
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†Opistognathus wharekuriensis Schwarzhans 2019
Invalid names: Gobiesociformes [empty]
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Invalid names: Draconettidae [empty]
Superor. Cichlomorphae
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Fm. Cichlidae Heckel 1840 [cichlid]
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G. Aequidens Eigenmann and Bray 1894
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Aequidens pauloensis Schaeffer 1947
G. Gymnogeophagus Ribeiro 1918
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†Gymnogeophagus eocenicus Malabarba et al. 2010
G. †Palaeochromis Sauvage 1907
G. †Proterocara Malabarba et al. 2006
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†Proterocara argentina Malabarba et al. 2006
Subfm. Pseudocrenilabrinae Fowler 1934
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Tr. †Oreochromini Dunz and Schliewen 2013
Tr. Tilapiini Carnevale et al. 2003 [tilapiine]
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G. Oreochromis Carnevale et al. 2003
G. †Tylochromis Regan 1920
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G. Pholidichthys Bleeker 1856
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G. †Priscacara Cope 1877
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†Priscacara aquilonia Wilson 1977
†Priscacara campi Hesse 1936
†Priscacara clivosa Cope 1878
†Priscacara cypha Cope 1877
†Priscacara liops Cope 1877
†Priscacara oxyprion Cope 1878
†Priscacara pealei Cope 1878
†Priscacara serrata Cope 1877
Invalid names: Pholidichthyiformes [empty]
Fm. Embiotocidae Agassiz 1853
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G. Amphistichus Agassiz 1854
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Amphistichus koelzi Hubbs 1933 [calico surfperch]
Amphistichus rhodoterus Agassiz 1854 [redtail surfperch]
G. Cymatogaster Gibbons 1854
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Cymatogaster aggregata Gibbons 1854 [shiner perch]
G. Damalichthys Girard 1855
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†Damalichthys saratogensis Casteel 1978
G. †Ditrema Temnick and Schlegel 1850
G. Embiotoca Agassiz 1853
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†Embiotoca conjugens Casier 1966
Embiotoca jacksoni Agassiz 1853 [black surfperch]
G. †Eriquius Jordan 1924
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†Eriquius plectrodes Jordan 1924
G. †Erisceles Jordan 1925
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†Erisceles pristinus Jordan 1925
G. Hysterocarpus Gibbons 1854
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Hysterocarpus traskii Gibbons 1854
G. †Micrometrus Gibbons 1854
G. †Neoditrema Steindacher and Döderlein 1883
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G. Rhacochilus Agassiz 1854
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Rhacochilus vacca Girard 1855 [pile perch]
Fm. Grammatidae Jordan 1887
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G. Gramma Poey 1868
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Invalid names: Acrotidae [empty]
Superor. Mugilomorphae
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Fm. Mugilidae Jarocki 1822
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G. Aldrichetta Whitley 1945
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Aldrichetta forsteri Valenciennes 1836
G. †Chelon Artedi 1793
G. Liza Jordan and Swain 1884
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†Liza brevirostris Schwarzhans et al. 2017
G. Mugil Linnaeus 1758
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Mugil cephalus Linnaeus 1758
†Mugil latus Svitshenskaja 1957
†Mugil minax Bogatshev 1933
†Mugil ornatus Arambourg 1927
†Mugil princeps Agassiz 1843
G. †Mugilidarum Unknown
G. †Pelecorapis Cope 1874
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†Pelecorapis berycinus Cope 1877
†Pelecorapis varius Cope 1874
G. †Syllaemus Cope 1875
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†Syllaemus anglicus Dixon 1850
†Syllaemus latifrons Cope 1875
Fm. Pomacentridae Bonaparte 1831
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G. †Chiarachromis Bellwood et al. 2025
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†Chiarachromis slazzarii Bellwood et al. 2025
G. Chromis Lacépède 1802
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†Chromis savornini Arambourg 1927
G. †Izuus Tokunaga and Saito 1938
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†Izuus nakamurai Tokunaga and Saito 1938
G. †Lorenzichthys Bellwood 1999
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†Lorenzichthys olihan Bellwood 1999
G. †Palaeopomacentrus Bellwood and Sorbini 1996
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†Palaeopomacentrus orphae Bellwood and Sorbini 1996
G. †Sorbinichromis Bannikov and Bellwood 2014
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†Sorbinichromis francescoi Bannikov and Bellwood 2014
Fm. Pseudochromidae Mueller and Troschel 1849
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G. Latilus Cuvier 1830
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†Latilus mesogeus Arambourg 1927
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+
G. Ammodytes Linnaeus 1758
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†Ammodytes antipae Pauca 1929
†Ammodytes antipai Pauca 1929
Ammodytes hexapterus Pallas 1814 [Pacific sand lace]
G. †Ammodytidarum Bonaparte 1832
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†Ammodytidarum inconspectus Schwarzhans 2007
G. †Gymnammodytes Duncker and Mohr 1935
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†Gymnammodytes oranensis Carnevale 2004
G. Hyperoplus Guenther 1862
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G. †Champsodon Günther 1867
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†Champsodon grossheimi Danil'chenko 1960
†Champsodon timaruensis Schwarzhans 2019
†Champsodon vonderhochti Schwarzhans 2007
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G. †Awamoa Schwarzhans 2019
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†Awamoa kaawa Schwarzhans 2019
G. Leptoscopus Gill 1859
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†Leptoscopus atavus Schwarzhans 2019
†Leptoscopus focosus Schwarzhans 1980
†Leptoscopus progressus Schwarzhans 1980
G. Lesueurina Fowler 1908
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†Lesueurina transoceana Schwarzhans et al. 2017
G. †Neopercis Steindachner 1884
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†Neopercis mesogea Arambourg 1927
G. †Waitahana Schwarzhans 2019
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†Waitahana sagittiformis Schwarzhans 1980
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G. Trachinus Linnaeus 1758
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†Trachinus acutus Weiler 1942
†Trachinus biscissus Koken 1884
Trachinus draco Linnaeus 1758
†Trachinus falcatus Schwarzhans 2007
Invalid names: Cheimarrhichthyidae [empty]
Invalid names: Congrogadidae [empty], Moroniformes [empty], Opisthognathidae [empty], Plesiopidae [empty], Polycentridae [empty], Scombrolabraciformes [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: planktonicp
Diet: suspension feederp
Created: 2009-07-20 21:50:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:54
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, p = phylum
References: Bambach et al. 2007, Carroll 1988, Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 100.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma

Collections (331 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Kansas) Pelecorapis varius (228320)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Germany Mesogaster cretaceus (221716)
Lancian72.2 - 66.0USA (Montana) Priscacara sp. (14549)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0India (Andhra Pradesh) Dapalis sp., Dapalis erici (122240)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Bolivia (Cochabamba) Cyprinodontiformes indet. (12855)
Pu266.0 - 63.4Canada (Saskatchewan) Priscacara sp. (14764)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.58USA (California) Fundulus eulepis (204388)
Late/Upper Paleocene59.24 - 56.0Argentina (Jujuy) Cyprinodon primulus (151867)
Thanetian59.24 - 56.0Australia (South Australia) Dapalis sp. (219145)
Wasatchian56.0 - 51.1USA (Wyoming) Priscacara sp. (74615)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Belgium Trachinus sp. (219001)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Italy Mesogaster sphyraenoides, Rhamphognathus paralepoides, Atherina macrocephala, Latellagnathus teruzzii, Rhamphexocoetus volans, Hemiramphus edwardsi, Palaeopomacentrus orphae, Lorenzichthys olihan, Sorbinichromis francescoi, Engraulis evolans (94830)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Canada (British Columbia) Priscacara aquilonia (34864)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03Argentina (Salta) Proterocara argentina, Gymnogeophagus eocenicus (134349)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9France Pagrosomus meldertensis, Neoditrema fercourtensis, Exallias vectensis (220174)
Mangaorapan52.0 - 48.9New Zealand (South Island) Ambassis antipodus (219499)
Mangaorapan - Heretaungan52.0 - 45.7New Zealand (South Island) Ambassis antipodus (219501)
Heretaungan48.9 - 45.7New Zealand (South Island) Ambassis antipodus (219498)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (California) Blenniidae indet. (200654)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (Texas) Atherina debilis, Trachinus laevigatus (237116) Trachinus laevigatus (237130)