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Taxonomy
Cardium quadragenarium was named by Conrad (1837). It is extant. It is the type species of Trachycardium (Dallocardia).
It was recombined as Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadrigenarium by Stewart (1930); it was recombined as Laevicardium quadragenarium by Delong (1941); it was recombined as Trachycardium quadragenarium by Woodring and Bramlette (1950), Stanton (1966), Powell and Stevens (2000); it was recombined as Cardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium by Hertlein and Grant (1972); it was recombined as Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium by Woodring (1982), Coan et al. (2000), Moore (2003); it was recombined as Dallocardia quadragenarium by Hendy (2021).
It was recombined as Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadrigenarium by Stewart (1930); it was recombined as Laevicardium quadragenarium by Delong (1941); it was recombined as Trachycardium quadragenarium by Woodring and Bramlette (1950), Stanton (1966), Powell and Stevens (2000); it was recombined as Cardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium by Hertlein and Grant (1972); it was recombined as Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium by Woodring (1982), Coan et al. (2000), Moore (2003); it was recombined as Dallocardia quadragenarium by Hendy (2021).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1837 | Cardium quadragenarium Conrad |
| 1895 | Cardium quadragenarium Ashley p. 344 |
| 1907 | Cardium quadrigenarium Arnold p. 535 |
| 1930 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadrigenarium Stewart p. 264 |
| 1941 | Laevicardium quadragenarium Delong |
| 1950 | Trachycardium quadragenarium Woodring and Bramlette |
| 1966 | Trachycardium quadragenarium Stanton, Jr. p. 30 |
| 1972 | Cardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium Hertlein and Grant pp. 259 - 260 figs. Plate 46, Figures 18, 20, 23 |
| 1982 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium Woodring p. 637 |
| 2000 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium Coan et al. pp. 361. 362 |
| 2000 | Trachycardium quadragenarium Powell and Stevens |
| 2003 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium Moore |
| 2021 | Dallocardia quadragenarium Hendy |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Dallocardia quadragenarium Conrad 1837 [spiny cockle]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, c = class | |||||
| References: Todd 2001, Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926 | |||||
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Eocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 37.71000 to 0.01170 Ma
Collections (102 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Eocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Cardium quadragenarium (43760) | |
| Miocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (194805 195120 195300) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (238419) | |
| Messinian | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (194801 194895 195029 195031) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (208580) Trachycardium quadragenarium (97230 97233 97235 97242 97401 97402 97403 120822) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadrigenarium (194664 204364) | |
| Zanclean - Gelasian | USA (California) | Dallocardia quadragenarium (214263 214266) | |
| Blancan | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (19677 19678) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (California) | Laevicardium quadragenarium (200398 200403) Trachycardium quadragenarium (238421 238434 238436 238459 238460 238580 238605 238606 238607 238609 238612 238615 238616 238618 238619 239463 239465 239467 239469 239470 239574 239575 239578 239579 239580) | |
| Piacenzian | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (122752) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (237590) | |
| Gelasian | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (189765 189766 189768) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (38042 83787 168757 231899) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (201624) Trachycardium quadragenarium (237610) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Baja California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (96594) | |
| Quaternary | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (37938 37948) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (138723 222995 222998) Laevicardium quadragenarium (96884 96894) Trachycardium quadragenarium (71053 71054 202636 202639 202647 203095 203108 203113 203114) Trachycardium quadrigenarium (222663 223525) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadrigenarium (222954) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (59063 96589 222674) Cardium quadrigenarium (222660 222661) Laevicardium quadragenarium (96895) Trachycardium quadragenarium (22632 96566 160361 219029 219030 240554 240555 240604 240612 240615 240635 240661) Trachycardium quadrigenarium (223074) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico | Trachycardium quadragenarium (67641) |