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Dichobunidae

Osteichthyes - Dichobunidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1872Dichobunidae Gill
1889Dichobunidae Cope p. 876
1910Dichobunidae Gregory p. 466
1911Dichobunidae Jaekel p. 234
1913Dichobunidae Scott p. 361
1938Dichobunidae Colbert p. 105
1958Dichobunidae Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg p. 26
1971Dichobunidae Sahni and Khare p. 50
1972Dichobunidae Ranga Rao p. 3
1979Dichobunidae Gingerich et al. p. 118
1986Dichobunidae Hooker p. 376
1988Dichobunidae Carroll
1997Dichobunidae McKenna and Bell p. 400
2001Dichobunidae Thewissen et al. p. suppl.
2004Dichobunidae Kondrashov et al. p. 205
2004Dichobunidae Metais et al. p. 179
2004Dichobunidae Vislobokova p. 94
2007Dichobunidae Theodor et al. p. 42

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
RankNameAuthor
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
superfamilyDichobunoideaGill 1872
familyDichobunidaeGill 1872
familyDichobunidaeGill 1872

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Dichobunidae Gill 1872
show all | hide all
G. †Aksyiria Gabunia 1973
+
†Aksyiria oligostus Gabunia 1973
G. †Cadutherium Métais et al. 2007
+
†Cadutherium kyaukmagyi Métais et al. 2007
G. †Chorlakkia Gingerich et al. 1979
+
†Chorlakkia hassani Gingerich et al. 1979
†Chorlakkia valerii Vislobokova 2004
Subfm. †Dichobuninae Turner 1849
+
G. †Aumelasia Sudre 1980
+
†Aumelasia gabineaudi Sudre 1980
†Aumelasia maniai Erfurt and Haubold 1989
†Aumelasia menieli Sudre 1983
†Aumelasia sudrei Godinot et al. 2018
G. †Buxobune Sudre 1978
+
†Buxobune daubreei Sudre 1978
G. †Dichobune Cuvier 1822
+
†Dichobune cervinum Owen 1825
†Dichobune fraasi Schlosser 1902
†Dichobune jehennei Brunet and Sudre 1980
†Dichobune leporina Cuvier 1822
†Dichobune robertiana Gervais 1848
†Dichobune sigei Sudre 1978
G. †Meniscodon Rütimeyer 1888
+
†Meniscodon europaeum Rutimeyer 1888
†Meniscodon picteti Rutimeyer 1891
G. †Messelobunodon Franzen 1980
+
†Messelobunodon ceciliensis Franzen and Krumbiegel 1980
†Messelobunodon schaeferi Franzen 1980
G. †Metriotherium Filhol 1882
+
†Metriotherium mirabile Filhol 1882
†Metriotherium paulum Stehlin 1906
†Metriotherium sarelense Astruc et al. 2003
G. †Neufferia Franzen 1994
+
†Neufferia manderscheidi Franzen 1994
G. †Protodichobune Lemoine 1891
+
†Protodichobune hellmundi Godinot et al. 2018
†Protodichobune oweni Lemoine 1878
G. †Synaphodus Pomel 1848
+
Invalid names: Dichobunini Turner 1849 [empty]
G. †Dulcidon Van Valen 1965
+
†Dulcidon gandaensis Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
Subfm. †Eurodexeinae Erfurt and Sudre 1996
+
G. †Eurodexis Erfurt and Sudre 1996
+
†Eurodexis ceciliensis Franzen and Krumbiegel 1980
†Eurodexis russelli Sudre and Erfurt 1996
G. †Eygalayodon Sudre and Marandat 1993
+
†Eygalayodon montenati Sudre and Marandat 1993
G. †Lutzia Franzen 1994
+
†Lutzia eckfeldensis Franzen 1994
G. †Parahexacodus Erfurt and Sudre 1996
+
†Parahexacodus germanicus Erfurt and Sudre 1996
G. †Haqueina Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
+
†Haqueina haichinensis Vislobokova 2004
Subfm. †Helohyinae Marsh 1877
+
G. †Apriculus Gazin 1956
+
†Apriculus praeteritus Gazin 1956
Subfm. †Hyperdichobuninae Gentry and Hooker 1988
+
G. †Hyperdichobune Stehlin 1910
+
†Hyperdichobune hammeli Sudre 1978
†Hyperdichobune langi Rutimeyer 1891
†Hyperdichobune nobilis Stehlin 1906
†Hyperdichobune spinifera Stehlin 1906
G. †Mouillacitherium Filhol 1882
+
†Mouillacitherium carteri Rutimeyer 1891
†Mouillacitherium cartieri Rutimeyer 1891
†Mouillacitherium elegans Filhol 1882
Subfm. †Lantianiinae Metais et al. 2004
+
G. †Elaschitotherium Metais et al. 2004
+
†Elaschitotherium crepaturus Metais et al. 2008
†Elaschitotherium qii Metais et al. 2004
G. †Eolantianius Averianov 1996
+
†Eolantianius russelli Averianov 1996
G. †Lantianius Chow 1964
+
†Lantianius xiehuensis Chow 1964
G. †Neochorlakkia Ducrocq et al. 2022
+
†Neochorlakkia myaingensis Ducrocq et al. 2022
G. †Pakibune Thewissen et al. 1987
+
†Pakibune chorlakkiensis Thewissen et al. 1987
G. †Paraphenacodus Gabunia 1971
+
†Paraphenacodus solivagus Gabunia 1971
G. †Wutuhyus Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Wutuhyus primiveris Tong and Wang 2006
Invalid names: Diacodexinae Gazin 1955 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 3 kgg
Minimum body mass: 300 gs
Environment: terrestrialf
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: frugivoref
Diet 2: omnivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-01 06:18:28
Modified: 2005-09-01 08:18:28
Source: s = species, g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Legendre 1988, Blondel 1996, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1999

Age range: base of the Wasatchian to the top of the MP 26 or 54.90000 to 23.04000 Ma

Collections (101 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Eocene56.0 - 48.07Spain (Lleida) Protodichobune oweni (88345)
Early/Lower Eocene56.0 - 48.07China (Shandong) Wutuhyus primiveris (183188)
MP 1056.0 - 48.07France (Picardie) Eurodexeinae indet., Eurodexis russelli (68440)
MP 8 + 956.0 - 48.07France Protodichobune oweni, Eurodexis russelli (182640)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07France (Marne) Protodichobune oweni (181639) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli, Eurodexis russelli (35539 35540 181653)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07France Protodichobune oweni (183451)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07United Kingdom Protodichobune sp. (87950)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07France (Champagne Ardenne) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli (177753)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Eolantianius russelli (28490)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07France (Champagne-Ardenne) Aumelasia menieli, Eurodexis russelli (28546) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli (73387)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobune robertiana, Cebochoerus ruetimeyeri, Hyperdichobune sp. (31717)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03France (Occitanie) Aumelasia sudrei, Protodichobune hellmundi (195457)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune sp., Cebochoerus dawsoni (182519)
Sharamurunian56.0 - 37.71China (Henan) Dichobune sp. (41120)
Wasatchian54.9 - 50.5USA (Colorado) Diacodexis robustus (15220) Dichobunidae indet. (15385)
Wasatchian54.9 - 50.5USA (Wyoming) Diacodexis sp. (15656 15749 15914 15963) Dichobunidae indet. (16075)
Bridgerian50.5 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Dichobunidae indet. (16445)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03France (Drome) Eygalayodon montenati (177494)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03France (Alsace Region) Hyperdichobune hammeli, Buxobune daubreei, Meniscodon europaeum (31609)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Pakistan (North-West Frontier) Dulcidon gandaiensis, Dichobunidae indet., Pakibune chorlakkiensis, Chorlakkia hassani (28978)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Pakistan (Punjab) Promioclaenus gandaensis (45529)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03France Dichobune robertiana (184468)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Buxobune sp., Messelobunodon ceciliensis, Parahexacodus germanicus (13322) Messelobunodon ceciliensis (45739) Protodichobune oweni (44999)
MP 1348.07 - 41.03Germany (Eifel) Hyperdichobune hammeli, Lutzia eckfeldensis, Neufferia manderscheidi (24201)
MP 1448.07 - 41.03France (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) Dichobune robertiana, Mouillacitherium cartieri (184174)
Lutetian - Bartonian48.07 - 37.71Switzerland (Baselland) Mouillacitherium sp., Dichobune robertiana, Meniscodon europaeum, Mouillacitherium cartieri, Dichobune langi (31723)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71Spain (Salamanca) Dichobunidae indet. (41311)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71Mongolia (Ovorhangai) Haqueina haichinensis, Chorlakkia valerii (93596)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71China (Jiangsu) Elaschitotherium qui, Elaschitotherium crepaturus (37493) Elaschitotherium sp. (175842)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71India Dichobunidae indet. (48638)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71China (Henan) Dichobune sp. (46193)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Dichobunidae indet. (16586)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Dichobunidae indet. (16791)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Wyoming) Dichobunidae indet. (16513 16630 16645) Dichobunidae indet., Apriculus praeteritus (16518)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobunidae indet. (31763) Mouillacitherium elegans (31736)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Mouillacitherium elegans (12840)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71France (Picardie Region) Hyperdichobune sp., Hyperdichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum (31584)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Myanmar Cadutherium kyaukmagyii (78056) Myanmarius chitseini (151676) Neochorlakkia myaingensis (41393)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71France (Rhone-Alpes Region) Hyperdichobune sp., Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum (31741)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Switzerland Mouillacitherium elegans (31742)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Spain (Barcelona) Dichobune new species (182220) Dichobuninae gen. et sp. nov. (182219)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Switzerland (Baselland) Dichobune robertiana, Dichobune langi (31721) Meniscodon picteti, Phenacodus europaeus, Dichobune nobilis, Dichobune langi, Mouillacitherium cartieri (31718) Mouillacitherium sp., Dichobune robertiana, Dichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum, Mouillacitherium cartieri (31720)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Hyperdichobune sp. 2, Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune spectabilis (39014)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9France (Quercy) Mouillacitherium elegans (12850)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobune leporina (31737)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Dichobune cuspidatus (40028) Dichobune leporina (9071 41652)
MP 1837.71 - 33.9Spain (Basque County) Dichobune leporina (38817)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) Dichobune leporina (31747)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Ile-de-France Region) Dichobune leporina (31739)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Aquitaine Region) Dichobune leporina (31586) Dichobune sp. (31754)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region Region) Mouillacitherium elegans (31756)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Dichobune leporina (31607) Dichobune sp. (39643)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees region) Mouillacitherium elegans (12848 12853)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Switzerland (Solothurn) Mouillacitherium elegans, Dichobune fraasi (31746)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichobune leporina (31749)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Switzerland Dichobune spinifera, Hyperdichobune spectabilis (31743)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobune leporina (31738) Mouillacitherium elegans (31758)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichobune leporina (12843 12852 12854 31765) Dichobune leporina, Mouillacitherium schlosseri (12842) Mouillacitherium elegans (12849 31740) Mouillacitherium elegans, Dichobune sigei (31745)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene37.71 - 27.3China (Shaanxi) Lantianius xiehuensis (42691)
Chadronian37.0 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Choeropotamidae indet. (16929)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3Germany Dichobune fraasi (36984)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3Belgium Dichobune leporina, Dichobune fraasi (31748)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichobunidae indet., Dichobune leporina (31583)
MP 2233.9 - 27.3France Dichobune jehennei (183452)
MP 2433.9 - 27.3France (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées) Metriotherium mirabile (182658)
MP 2527.3 - 23.04Spain (Cuenca) Metriotherium mirabile (184097)
MP 2627.3 - 23.04France (Occitanie) Metriotherium sarelense (183674)