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Syncerus (African buffalo)

Mammalia - Bovidae

Taxonomy
Syncerus was named by Hodgson (1847). It is extant.

It was assigned to Bovidae by Carroll (1988); to Bubalina by Hassanin and Douzery (1999); to Bovinae by Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008); and to Bovini by Grubb (2001), Gentry (2010).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1847Syncerus Hodgson
1988Syncerus Carroll
1999Syncerus Hassanin and Douzery p. 899
2001Syncerus Grubb p. 375
2008Syncerus Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 980 figs. Fig. 5
2010Syncerus Gentry p. 754

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
superfamilyBovoidea
familyBovidae
subfamilyBovinae(Gray 1821)
tribeBoviniGray 1821
subtribeBubalinaPligrim 1939
genusSyncerusHodgson 1847

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Syncerus Hodgson 1847 [African buffalo]
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†Syncerus acoelotus Gentry 1985
†Syncerus caffer Sparman 1779 [African buffalo]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-09-22 12:01:17
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Pliocene to the top of the Holocene or 3.60000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (109 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Ethiopia (Afar) Syncerus sp. (70907)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588South Africa Syncerus acoelotus (22354)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774South Africa Syncerus sp. (21791)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774Ethiopia Syncerus acoelotus (21739)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Congo-Kinshasa Syncerus sp. (22346)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Malawi Syncerus sp. (22323)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588South Africa Syncerus caffer (22340)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Ethiopia Syncerus acoelotus (21549 21608)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Chad Syncerus sp. (22506)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Pleistocene3.6 - 0.0117South Africa Syncerus acoelotus (22331) Syncerus sp. (22332 22334)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Tanzania Syncerus acoelotus (22596)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Kenya Syncerus sp. (32116)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Ethiopia Syncerus acoelotus (21544 21567 21573 21578 21603 21631 21632 21644 21661 21671 21674 21964 21983 21988 22007 22018 22023 22026 22039)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781South Africa Syncerus sp. (21824)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.588 - 0.774Ethiopia (Ethiopian Rift) Syncerus acoelotus (22491 22492 22494) Syncerus sp. (22490)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117South Africa Syncerus caffer (21695 21916 21953 21956) Syncerus sp. (21825 21828 21829)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Djibouti Syncerus sp. (22482)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117South Africa (Orange Free) Syncerus caffer (21867)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Syncerus caffer (22074 22099) Syncerus sp. (22087 22112)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Tanzania Syncerus caffer (22190)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Zambia Syncerus caffer (21924)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0South Africa Syncerus caffer (21948 21949 21950 21951 21952 21957)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Syncerus caffer (21347 21348)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Namibia Syncerus caffer (21926)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania (Lake Natron Basin) Syncerus sp. (22557 22582)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania Syncerus acoelotus (21968 22468 22626 22627 22628) Syncerus sp., Syncerus acoelotus (21970)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774South Africa Syncerus caffer (21923 21928)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Kenya Syncerus caffer (22272) Syncerus sp. (22302)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Tanzania Syncerus caffer (21893)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Rift Valley) Syncerus caffer (21337)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Rwanda Syncerus sp. (129899)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117South Africa Syncerus caffer (115167)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117South Africa Syncerus caffer (90070 96974) Syncerus sp. (21709 113858)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa Syncerus caffer (21896 21917 21918 21930)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Sudan Syncerus caffer (21871 208786)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa (Orange Free) Syncerus caffer (21861 21908 21942 21943 21944 21947)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Zambia Syncerus caffer (21894 21895)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Swaziland Syncerus caffer (21927 21955)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Kenya Syncerus caffer (21936)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Tanzania Syncerus caffer (21690)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Syncerus caffer (22067 22068 22073) Syncerus sp. (22083 22113 22118 22126)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Niger Syncerus caffer (83303)