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Borophagus littoralis

Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

Taxonomy
Borophagus littoralis was named by VanderHoof (1931). Its type locality is Crocker Springs, which is in a Miocene marine horizon in California.

It was recombined as Osteoborus littoralis by Stirton and VanderHoof (1933), Macdonald (1948) and Richey (1979); it was recombined as Epicyon littoralis by Baskin (1980), Martin and Tedrow (1988) and Munthe (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Epicyon saevus by Tedford et al. (1987) and Baskin (1998).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1931Borophagus littoralis VanderHoof
1933Osteoborus littoralis Stirton and VanderHoof p. 177
1938Osteoborus diabloensis Richey
1948Osteoborus littoralis Macdonald
1979Osteoborus littoralis Richey
1980Epicyon diabloensis Baskin
1980Epicyon littoralis Baskin
1988Epicyon diabloensis Martin and Tedrow
1988Epicyon littoralis Martin and Tedrow
1998Epicyon diabloensis Baskin
1998Epicyon diabloensis Munthe
1998Epicyon littoralis Munthe
1999Borophagus littoralis Wang et al. p. 267
2008Borophagus littoralis Wang et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
familyCanidae
subfamilyBorophaginae
genusBorophagus
specieslittoralis

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Borophagus littoralis VanderHoof 1931
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Invalid names: Osteoborus diabloensis Richey 1938 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
R. A. Stirton and V. L. VanderHoof 1933Rostrum short, frontals not so abruptly elevated from level of nasals as in O. cyonoides, similar to O. littoralis; P2-3 with relatively high median cusps; no anterior and posterior cusps on P2-3 except a vestigial posterior cusp on P3; P1 with one root, P2-3 with two roots; P3 relatively long, and higher than O. cyonoides; talon of M1 similar to that in O. cyonoides and horizontal ramus not so strongly deflected outwardly below p4; p1 not vestigial, but with one root; p2 with two roots; p3 with widely separated roots, relatively high median cusp and no posterior vestigial cusp.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoreg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2009-01-04 14:34:14
Modified: 2009-01-04 16:34:14
Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Van Valkenburgh 1988, Nowak 1991, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Miocene to the top of the Clarendonian or 11.60800 to 9.40000 Ma

Collections (8 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (California) Borophagus littoralis (19380) Osteoborus diabloensis (19185 19322 19323 19324) Osteoborus littoralis (19553)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (California) Borophagus littoralis (19466)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333USA (California) Borophagus littoralis (type locality: 19308)