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Cynodesmus thooides

Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

Taxonomy
Cynodesmus thooides was named by Scott (1893). Its type specimen is YPM-PU 10412, a partial skull (partial skull and partial mandible), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Fort Logan, which is in an Arikareean terrestrial horizon in Montana.

It was recombined as Mesocyon thooides by Tedford et al. (1987).

Synonyms
  • Brachyrhynchocyon douglasi was named by Macdonald (1970). Its type specimen is LACM 17003, a mandible (partial anterior mandible), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sharps (SDSM V-5354), which is in a Geringian terrestrial horizon in the Sharps Formation of South Dakota.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Cynodesmus thooides by Wang (1994).
  • Mesocyon drummondanus was named by Douglass (1903). Its type specimen is CMNH 792, a partial skeleton (nearly complete skull, scapula, and other postcranial fragments), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Lower Cabbage Patch Beds, which is in an Arikareean terrestrial horizon in the Renova Formation of Montana.

    It was recombined as Daphoenus drummondanus by Schlaikjer (1935); it was synonymized subjectively with Cynodesmus thooides by Wang (1994), Tabrum and Nichols (2001).
  • Sunkahetanka sheffleri was named by Macdonald (1967). Its type specimen is LACM 17076, a partial skull (partial skull and mandible), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Medicine Root Creek, which is in a Whitneyan terrestrial horizon in the Brule Formation of South Dakota.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Cynodesmus thooides by Wang (1994).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1893Cynodesmus thooides Scott p. 660
1902Cynodesmus thooides Hay p. 773
1903Mesocyon drummondanus Douglass
1935Daphoenus drummondanus Schlaikjer
1967Sunkahetanka sheffleri Macdonald
1970Brachyrhynchocyon douglasi Macdonald
1987Mesocyon thooides Tedford et al.
1994Cynodesmus thooides Wang p. 62
1996Cynodesmus thooides Wang and Tedford
2008Cynodesmus thooides Wang et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
familyCanidae
subfamilyHesperocyoninaeTedford 1978
genusCynodesmus
speciesthooides

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Cynodesmus thooides Scott 1893
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Invalid names: Brachyrhynchocyon douglasi Macdonald 1970 [synonym], Mesocyon drummondanus Douglass 1903 [synonym], Sunkahetanka sheffleri Macdonald 1967 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
W. B. Scott 1893Dentition microdont; deuterocone of rela- tively large; face short and cranium long; small frontal sinuses pres- ent; mandible non-lobate; size medium.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoref
Diet 2: omnivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-22 19:28:06
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002

Age range: base of the Whitneyan to the top of the Geringian or 31.80000 to 24.70000 Ma

Collections (14 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Whitneyan31.8 - 29.5USA (Nebraska) Cynodesmus thooides (17323)
Whitneyan31.8 - 29.5USA (South Dakota) Cynodesmus thooides (17315 17339 17342 17343 17429 17431) Sunkahetanka sheffleri (17345)
Geringian29.5 - 24.7USA (South Dakota) Brachyrhynchocyon douglasi (17630)
Geringian29.5 - 24.7USA (Nebraska) Cynodesmus thooides (17486)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (South Dakota) Cynodesmus thooides (17483 17579)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Montana) Cynodesmus thooides (type locality: 17509) Mesocyon drummondanus (17540)