Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Osteolepidida

Osteichthyes

Taxonomy
Osteolepidida was named by Boulenger (1901).

It was corrected as Osteolepidi by Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the infraclass Osteolepidida by Nelson et al. (2016), van der Laan (2019).

It was assigned to Crossopterygii by Jaekel (1911); to Rhipidistia by Otto (1999), Young and Schultze (2005); to Tetrapodomorpha by Nelson et al. (2016); and to Sarcopterygii by van der Laan (2019).

Subtaxa
Osteolepididae (syn. Glyptodipterini, Glyptopomidae), Osteolepidiformes, Osteolepiformes
Sister taxa
Osteolepidiformes, Osteolepiformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1901Osteolepidida Boulenger
1911Osteolepidi Jaekel p. 79
1999Osteolepidida Otto p. 124
2005Osteolepidida Young and Schultze
2016Osteolepidida Nelson et al. p. 110
2019Osteolepidida van der Laan p. 90

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
infraclassOsteolepidida(Boulenger 1901)
infraclassOsteolepidida(Boulenger 1901)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Infracl. †Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901
show all | hide all
Fm. †Osteolepididae Cope 1887
hide
G. †Glyptopomus Agassiz 1844
+
†Glyptopomus elginensis Jarvik 1950
†Glyptopomus kinnairdi Huxley 1859
†Glyptopomus minor Agassiz 1844
†Glyptopomus sayrei Newberry 1878
G. †Muranjilepis Young and Schultze 2005
+
†Muranjilepis winterensis Young and Schultze 2005
Subfm. †Osteolepidinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
G. †Geptolepis Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
+
†Geptolepis donensis Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
G. †Latvius Jarvik 1948
+
†Latvius deckerti Jessen 1966
†Latvius grewingki Gross 1933
†Latvius niger Jessen 1973
†Latvius obrutus Vorobyeva 1977
†Latvius porosus Greiner 1977
G. †Peregrina Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
+
†Peregrina krasnovi Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
G. †Osteolepis Valenciennes 1829
+
†Osteolepis arenatus Agassiz 1835
†Osteolepis macrolepidotus Agassiz 1835
†Osteolepis microlepidotus Agassiz 1835
†Osteolepis panderi Jarvik 1948
Invalid names: Glyptodipterini Huxley 1861 [synonym], Glyptopomidae Goodrich 1909 [synonym]
hide
Subor. †Cyclolepidoidei Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
Fm. †Canowindridae Young et al. 1992
+
G. †Beelarongia Long 1987
+
†Beelarongia patrichae Long 1987
G. †Canowindra Thompson 1973
+
†Canowindra grossi Thompson 1973
G. †Koharalepis Young et al. 1992
+
†Koharalepis jarviki Young et al. 1992
Superfm. †Eopodoidea Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
Fm. †Chrysolepididae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
G. †Chrysolepis Lebedev 1983
Fm. †Gyroptychiidae Berg 1958
+
G. †Gyroptychius M'Coy 1848
Fm. †Medoeviidae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
G. †Medoevia Lebedev 1995
+
†Medoevia lata Lebedev 1995
Fm. †Panderichthyidae Vorobyeva and Larskaja 1968
+
G. †Panderichthys Gross 1941
+
†Panderichthys bystrowi Gross 1941
†Panderichthys stolbowi Vorobyeva 1960
Invalid names: Elpistostegidae Romer 1945 [synonym], Elpistosteginae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [invalid subgroup], Panderichthyinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty]
Fm. †Tristichopteridae Cope 1887
+
G. †Bruehnopteron Schultze and Reed 2012
+
†Bruehnopteron murphyi Schultze and Reed 2012
G. †Eustenopteron Whiteaves 1881
+
†Eusthenopteron foordi Whiteaves 1881
†Eusthenopteron jenkinsi Downs et al. 2018
†Eusthenopteron kurshi Zupins 2008
†Eusthenopteron obruchevi Vorobyeva 1977
†Eusthenopteron wenjukowi Jarvik 1937
G. †Eusthenodon Jarvik 1952
+
†Eusthenodon bourdoni Downs et al. 2021
†Eusthenodon gavini Johanson and Ritchie 2000
†Eusthenodon leganihanne Downs et al. 2022
†Eusthenodon wangsjoi Jarvik 1952
G. †Hyneria Thompson 1968
+
†Hyneria lindae Thompson 1968
G. †Jarvikina Vorobyeva 1977
G. †Mandageria Johanson and Ahlberg 1997
+
†Mandageria fairfaxi Johanson and Ahlberg 1997
G. †Notorhizodon Young et al. 1992
+
†Notorhizodon mackelveyi Young et al. 1992
G. †Platycephalichthys Vorobyeva 1959
+
†Platycephalichthys bischoffi Vorobyeva 1962
†Platycephalichthys rohoni Vorobyeva 1959
†Platycephalichthys skuenicus Vorobyeva 1977
G. †Tristichopterus Egerton 1861
+
†Tristichopterus alatus Egerton 1861
Invalid names: Eustenopteridae Young et al. 1992 [synonym], Mandageriinae Young et al. 2019 [invalid subgroup], Notorhizodontidae Davis 1994 [synonym], Platycephalichthyinae Vorobyeva 1975 [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Parapodoidea Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty], Rhizodontoidea Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty]
G. †Diplopterus Agassiz 1843
+
†Diplopterus agassizi Traill 1841
G. †Diploterax M'Coy 1855
G. †Glyptolaemus Huxley 1859
G. †Lamprotolepis Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Lamprotolepis verrucosa Vorobyeva 1977
Subor. †Osteolepidoidei Moy-Thomas and Miles 1971
+
Fm. †Thursiidae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
G. †Thursius Traquair 1888
+
†Thursius clappi Romer 1942
†Thursius estonicus Vorobyeva 1977
†Thursius fischeri Eichwald 1840
†Thursius macrolepidotus Sedgwick and Murchison 1829
+
Invalid names: Catopterus analis Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Dipterus brachypygopterus Sedwick and Murchison 1828 [synonym], Dipterus macropygopterus Sedgwick and Murchison 1828 [synonym], Thursius moythomasi Jarvik 1948 [synonym]
†Thursius minor Jarvik 1985
†Thursius pholidotus Traquair 1888
†Thursius talsiensis Vorobyeva 1971
Fm. †Pleiopteridae Fitzinger 1873
+
G. †Pleiopterus Agassiz 1843
Fm. †Rhizodopsidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Rhizodopsis Young 1866
+
†Rhizodopsis granulatus Salter 1861
†Rhizodopsis rankini Elliott 2023
†Rhizodopsis robusta Woodward 1891
†Rhizodopsis sauroides Williamson 1849
Invalid names: Orthognathus Barkas 1873 [synonym]
Subfm. †Thysanolepidinae Vorobyeva 1975
+
G. †Thysanolepis Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Thysanolepis micans Vorobyeva 1977
Subfm. †Viluichthyinae Vorobyeva 1977
+
G. †Viluichthys Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Viluichthys fradkini Vorobyeva 1977
Invalid names: Lamprotolepididae Vorobyeva 1977 [invalid subgroup]
Or. †Osteolepiformes Berg 1937
hide
G. †Cryptolepis Vorobyeva 1975
+
†Cryptolepis grossi Vorobyeva 1975
G. †Litoptychus Denison 1951
+
†Litoptychus bryanti Denison 1951
G. †Lohsania Thomson and Vaughn 1968
+
†Lohsania utahensis Thomson and Vaughn 1968
G. †Mahalalepis Young et al. 1992
+
†Mahalalepis resima Young et al. 1992
Fm. †Megalichthyidae Hay 1902
+
G. †Askerichthys Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
†Askerichthys heintzi Borgen and Nakrem 2016
G. †Cladarosymblema Fox et al. 1995
+
†Cladarosymblema narrienense Fox et al. 1995
G. †Coelosteus Newberry 1887
+
†Coelosteus ferox Newberry 1887
G. †Ectosteorhachis Cope 1880
+
Invalid names: Ectosteorhachis ciceronius Cope 1883 [nomen nudum]
G. †Rabdiolepis Emmons 1857
+
†Rabdiolepis speciosa Emmons 1857
†Rabdiolepis striata Bock 1959
G. †Sterropterygion Thomson 1972
+
†Sterropterygion brandei Thomson 1972
Invalid names: Askerichthyinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [invalid subgroup], Ectosteorhachidae Berg 1940 [synonym], Ectosteorhachinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [invalid subgroup], Megalichthyinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty], Parabatrachidae Berg 1955 [synonym]
G. †Megapomus
+
†Megapomus heckeri Vorobyeva 1977
†Megapomus markovskyi Vorobyeva 1977
†Megapomus punctatus Vorobyeva 1977
G. †Platyethmoidia Young et al. 1992
+
†Platyethmoidia antarctica Young et al. 1992
G. †Sengoerichthys Janvier et al. 2007
+
†Sengoerichthys ottoman Janvier et al. 2007
G. †Vorobjevaia Young et al. 1992
+
†Vorobjevaia dolonodon Young et al. 1992
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2009-07-20 21:50:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:54
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Emsian to the top of the Norian or 410.62000 to 205.70000 Ma

Collections (127 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Belarus (Vitebsk) Osteolepididae indet. (232875 232877)
Emsian - Eifelian410.62 - 387.95Australia (Queensland) Osteolepididae indet. (196702)
Emsian - Eifelian410.62 - 387.95Australia (Northern Territory) Muranjilepis winterensis (196701)
Emsian - Givetian410.62 - 382.31Antarctica Koharalepis jarviki, Eusthenopteridae indet. (207078) Mahalalepis resima (207077)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Iran Osteolepididae indet. (239496)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Belarus (Vitebsk) Osteolepididae indet. (232874 232958)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95United Kingdom Osteolepis macrolepidotus, Gyroptychius agassizi (238085) Osteolepis panderi (238527 238528 238529 238531 238532 238533) Thursius macrolepidotus (238086) Thursius pholidotus, Osteolepis panderi (238520)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Latvia Gyroptychius grossi, Thursius fischeri (225796 225797)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Estonia Osteolepididae indet. (225791 225792 225794) Osteolepididae indet., Thursius fischeri (225793)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95United Kingdom (Scotland) Gyroptychius sp., Osteolepis macrolepidotus (226058 226059 226061) Osteolepis macrolepidotus (226060)
Middle Devonian393.47 - 382.31Hong Kong Hongkongichthys youngi (275905)
Middle Devonian393.47 - 382.31Latvia (Cesis) Eusthenopteron kurshi (231930)
Early/Lower Givetian387.95 - 385.9Belarus Gyroptychius sp. (225886)
Early/Lower Givetian387.95 - 385.9Latvia Thursius estonicus, Gyroptychius pauli (225802 225850)
Early/Lower Givetian387.95 - 385.9Estonia Gyroptychius elgae (225851) Gyroptychius pauli (225804) Thursius estonicus, Gyroptychius pauli (225803)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31United Kingdom Osteolepis sp. (238516) Thursius pholidotus, Osteolepis panderi (238521)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31Antarctica Eusthenopteridae indet. (207070) Notorhizodon mackelveyi (207080 207086 207087 207088 207099) Platyethmoidia antarctica (207076) Platyethmoidia antarctica, Eusthenopteridae indet. (207098) Vorobjevaia dolonodon (207079)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31Australia (Victoria) Marsdenichthys longioccipitus (225605)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31United Kingdom (Scotland) Tristichopterus alatus (238522)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31USA (Nevada) Bruehnopteron murphyi (210080)
Givetian - Frasnian387.95 - 372.15USA (Iowa) Osteolepididae indet. (226053)
Middle Givetian385.9 - 383.4United Kingdom Thursius pholidotus, Osteolepis panderi, Gyroptychius agassizi (238519)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31United Kingdom (Scotland) Tristichopterus sp. (238523)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31Australia (Victoria) Marsdenichthys longioccipitus, Beelarongia patrichae (196710)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31Estonia Panderichthys sp. (225778)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31Latvia Latvius sp., Panderichthys rhombolepis, Eusthenopteron kurshi (225777)
Late/Upper Givetian - Early/Lower Frasnian383.4 - 379.0Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) Gyroptychius sp., Osteolepididae indet. (197071) Osteolepididae indet. (226078) Thursius sp., Osteolepididae indet. (226077)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0Russian Federation Panderichthys sp., Osteolepididae indet. (90343)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0United Kingdom Tristichopterus sp. (238524)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0Canada (Nunavut) Tiktaalik roseae, Eusthenopteron jenkinsi (238424)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15United Kingdom Eusthenopteron traquairi (239215)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Australia (Victoria) Beelarongia patrichae (207047)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Canada (Quebec) Eusthenopteron foordi, Elpistostege watsoni (179176) Thursius clappi (132654)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Russian Federation Eusthenopteron saevesoederberghi, Jarvikina wenjukowi (239134)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Canada (Nunavut) Tiktaalik roseae (59674)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15USA (Colorado) Litoptychus bryanti (238489 238490) Osteolepididae indet., Litoptychus bryanti (238486 238487 238491)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15USA (Pennsylvania) Langlieria smalingi (239440) Osteolepis sp. (164512)
Late/Upper Devonian382.31 - 358.86Colombia (Boyacá) Tristichopteridae indet., Megalichthyidae indet. (211928)
Late/Upper Devonian382.31 - 358.86Russian Federation Platycephalichthys rohoni (238747)
Middle Frasnian379.0 - 375.2Poland (Swietokrzyskie Voivodship) Eusthenopteron sp. (226394)
Middle Frasnian - Late/Upper Frasnian379.0 - 372.15United Kingdom Eusthenopteron sp. (239413)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Russian Federation Platycephalichthys bischoffi (238745)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Australia (New South Wales) Cabonnichthys burnsi, Canowindra grossi, Mandageria fairfaxi (207370) Eusthenodon gavini (238074)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86United Kingdom (Somerset) Glyptopomus kinnairdi (232123)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86USA (Pennsylvania) Eusthenodon leganihanne (239487) Hyneria lindae (196360) Osteolepis sp. (164511)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Russian Federation Medoevia lata (238508)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Greenland Eusthenodon wangsjoi (176216)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Latvia Cryptolepis sp., Glyptopomus sp., Platycephalichthys skuenicus (238744) Eusthenopteron sp., Osteolepididae indet. (176220) Platycephalichthys sp., Cryptolepis grossi (238206)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86South Africa (Eastern Cape) Osteolepiformes indet., Hyneria sp. (68049)
Middle Famennian368.5 - 365.2Russian Federation Cryptolepis grossi (238703)
Middle Famennian368.5 - 365.2Russian Federation (Oryol Oblast) Glyptopomus bystrowi, Cryptolepis grossi (226045)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Russian Federation (Tulskaya Oblast) Eusthenodon sp. (176224)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86USA (Pennsylvania) Langlieria radiatus (238737) Osteolepiformes indet., Eusthenodon bourdoni (238265)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Belgium (Namur) Langlieria socqueti (197229)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Australia (New South Wales) Edenopteron keithcrooki (235656)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Belgium (Liege) Tristichopteridae indet. (208029)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Russian Federation (Tula) Osteolepiformes indet., Eusthenodon sp. (225666)
Tournaisian358.86 - 346.7Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk Krai) Greiserolepis minusensis (232962)
Tournaisian358.86 - 346.7Belarus (Homel) Osteolepiformes indet. (232531) Osteolepiformes indet., Medoevia sp. (232533)
Visean346.7 - 330.3Australia (Queensland) Cladarosymblema narrienense (238046)
Serpukhovian330.3 - 323.4United Kingdom (Scotland) Rhizodopsis sp. (235483)
Pennsylvanian323.4 - 298.9United Kingdom Rhizodopsis sauroides (137307)
Westphalian A318.7 - 316.9United Kingdom (Scotland) Rhizodopsis rankini (227256)
Westphalian A318.7 - 316.9United Kingdom (Flintshire) Rhizodopsis sp. (233394 233396)
Westphalian A318.7 - 316.9Ukraine (Luhansk) Rhizodopsis sauroides (240304)
Westphalian - Vereian318.7 - 313.8United Kingdom (Wales) Rhizodopsis sp. (8229)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0Poland Rhizodopsis robusta (140144)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0United Kingdom Rhizodopsis sauroides (137310 137319 140035 140139 140140 140141 140142 140143)
Kasimovian - Moscovian307.0 - 307.0United Kingdom Rhizodopsis sauroides (137315)
Asselian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1USA (Utah) Ectosteorhachis nitidus (13257 13258)
Leonardian286.0 - 274.4USA (Oklahoma) Ectosteorhachis sp. (180990)
Kungurian283.3 - 274.4USA (Oklahoma) Ectosteorhachis nitidus (67945)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (Pennsylvania) Rabdiolepis gwyneddensis, Rabdiolepis striata (99375)