PBDB Taxon

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Gomphotherium productum

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae

Taxonomy

Mastodon productus was named by Cope (1874) [also said to be 1875]. Its type locality is Santa Cruz, which is in a Barstovian terrestrial horizon in the Tesuque Formation of New Mexico.

It was recombined as Tetrabelodon productus by Cope (1889); it was recombined as Mammut productum by Hay (1902); it was recombined as Serridentinus productus by Osborn (1923), Frick (1933), Galbreath (1953); it was recombined as Trilophodon (Serridentinus) productus by Frick (1926); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium obscurum by Madden and Storer (1985); it was recombined as Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1972), Tobien (1973), Tedford and Barghoorn (1993), Shoshani and Tassy (1996), Lucas et al. (1999), Christiansen (2007).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

G. subtapiroideum

Synonyms

Mastodon serridens was named by Cope (1884).

It was recombined as Tetrabelodon serridens by Cope (1893); it was recombined as Mammut serridens by Hay (1902); it was recombined as Zygolophodon serridens by Matthew (1918); it was recombined as Serridentinus serridens by Osborn (1923), Frick (1933), Downs (1952); it was recombined as Trilophodon (Serridentinus) serridens by Frick (1926); it was recombined as Gomphotherium serridens by Tobien (1972); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium obscurum by Madden and Storer (1985); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Schultz (1990).
Megabelodon minor was named by Mawby (1968).

It was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1973).
Ocalientinus ojocaliensis was named by Frick (1933) [also used by Osborn 1942]. Its type specimen is F:AM 21294, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. It is the type species of Ocalientinus.

It was recombined as Gomphotherium ojocaliensis by Tobien (1972); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium osborni by Madden and Storer (1985); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1973), Shoshani and Tassy (1996), Christiansen (2007).
Tetrabelodon lulli was named by Barbour (1914). Its type locality is Megabelodon Quarry, which is in a Clarendonian terrestrial horizon in the Valentine Formation of Nebraska.

It was recombined as Trilophodon lulli by Osborn (1918) and Cook (1922); it was recombined as Megabelodon lulli by Barbour (1934), Osborn (1936) and Osborn (1942); it was recombined as Gomphotherium lulli by Voorhies (1990); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1973), Shoshani and Tassy (1996).
Trilophodon cruziensis was named by Frick (1933). Its type specimen is F:AM 21300, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Megabelodon cruziensis by Osborn (1936), Osborn (1942), Mawby (1968); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1973), Shoshani and Tassy (1996).
Trilophodon joraki was named by Frick (1933).

It was recombined as Megabelodon joraki by Osborn (1936), Osborn (1942), Mawby (1968); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1973), Shoshani and Tassy (1996).
Trilophodon phippsi was named by Cook (1928). Its type locality is Quinn Mastodon Quarry, which is in a Clarendonian terrestrial horizon in the Valentine Formation of Nebraska.

It was recombined as Megabelodon phippsi by Osborn (1936), Osborn (1942), Mawby (1968); it was recombined as Gomphotherium phippsi by Downs (1952), Tobien (1972); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium lulli by Voorhies (1990); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1973), Shoshani and Tassy (1996), Christiansen (2007).
Trilophodon (Serridentinus) pojoaquensis was named by Frick (1926). Its type specimen is AMNH FM 21115, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Serridentinus pojoaquensis by Frick (1933) and Osborn (1936); it was recombined as Gomphotherium pojoaquense by Tobien (1972); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium osborni by Madden and Storer (1985); it was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium productum by Tobien (1973), Shoshani and Tassy (1996), Christiansen (2007).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1874	Mastodon productus Cope
1884	Mastodon serridens Cope
1889	Tetrabelodon productus Cope p. 195
1893	Tetrabelodon serridens Cope p. 18
1902	Mammut productum Hay p. 711
1902	Mammut serridens Hay p. 712
1914	Tetrabelodon lulli Barbour
1918	Zygolophodon serridens Matthew
1918	Trilophodon lulli Osborn
1922	Trilophodon lulli Cook
1923	Serridentinus productus Osborn
1923	Serridentinus serridens Osborn p. 2
1926	Trilophodon (Serridentinus) productus Frick p. 158
1926	Trilophodon (Serridentinus) pojoaquensis Frick p. 161
1926	Trilophodon (Serridentinus) serridens Frick p. 167
1928	Trilophodon phippsi Cook
1933	Trilophodon joraki Frick
1933	Serridentinus pojoaquensis Frick p. 575
1933	Serridentinus productus Frick p. 575
1933	Trilophodon cruziensis Frick p. 576
1933	Ocalientinus ojocaliensis Frick p. 579
1933	Serridentinus serridens Frick p. 605
1934	Megabelodon lulli Barbour
1936	Megabelodon cruziensis Osborn
1936	Megabelodon joraki Osborn
1936	Megabelodon lulli Osborn
1936	Megabelodon phippsi Osborn
1936	Serridentinus pojoaquensis Osborn
1942	Megabelodon cruziensis Osborn
1942	Megabelodon joraki Osborn
1942	Megabelodon lulli Osborn
1942	Megabelodon phippsi Osborn
1952	Gomphotherium phippsi Downs
1952	Serridentinus serridens Downs
1953	Serridentinus productus Galbreath
1968	Megabelodon cruziensis Mawby
1968	Megabelodon joraki Mawby
1968	Megabelodon minor Mawby
1968	Megabelodon phippsi Mawby
1972	Gomphotherium ojocaliensis Tobien
1972	Gomphotherium phippsi Tobien
1972	Gomphotherium pojoaquense Tobien
1972	Gomphotherium productum Tobien
1972	Gomphotherium serridens Tobien
1973	Gomphotherium productum Tobien
1990	Gomphotherium lulli Voorhies
1993	Gomphotherium productum Tedford and Barghoorn
1996	Gomphotherium productum Shoshani and Tassy
1999	Gomphotherium productum Lucas et al.
2007	Gomphotherium productum Christiansen p. 425

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida

Rank	Name	Author
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Afrotheria	Stanhope et al. 1998
—	Tethytheria
order	Proboscidea	()
family	Gomphotheriidae	Hay 1922
genus	Gomphotherium	Burmeister 1837
species	productum	(Cope 1874)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Gomphotherium productum Cope 1874

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Invalid names: Gomphotherium pojoaquense Frick 1926 [synonym], Mastodon serridens Cope 1884 [synonym], Megabelodon minor Mawby 1968 [synonym], Ocalientinus ojocaliensis Frick 1933 [synonym], Tetrabelodon lulli Barbour 1914 [synonym], Trilophodon cruziensis Frick 1933 [synonym], Trilophodon joraki Frick 1933 [synonym], Trilophodon phippsi Cook 1928 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingg

Diet:

browserg

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 15:16:35

Modified:

2005-08-31 17:16:35

Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002, Lambert and Shoshani 1998, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Barstovian to the top of the Clarendonian or 16.30000 to 9.40000 Ma

Collections (2 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (New Mexico)	Gomphotherium productum (type locality: 19535)
Clarendonian	12.5 - 9.4	USA (Nebraska)	Tetrabelodon lulli (18255)