Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Hoplophoneus primaevus

Mammalia - Carnivora - Nimravidae

Taxonomy
Machairodus primaevus was named by Leidy and Owen (1851) [in Leidy; sometimes attributed to Leidy alone].

It was recombined as Drepanodon primaevus by Leidy (1869); it was recombined as Hoplophoneus primaevus by Cope (1874), Cope (1880), Adams (1896), Hay (1902), Matthew (1910), Thorpe (1920), Scott and Jepsen (1936), Simpson (1941), Hough (1949), Galbreath (1953), Bryant (1996), Barrett (2016).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1851Machairodus primaevus Leidy and Owen
1853Machairodus primaevus Leidy
1857Machairodus primaevus Leidy
1869Drepanodon primaevus Leidy
1873Machaerodus oreodontis Cope p. 9
1874Hoplophoneus oreodontis Cope
1874Hoplophoneus primaevus Cope
1880Hoplophoneus oreodontis Cope p. 850
1880Hoplophoneus primaevus Cope p. 850
1896Hoplophoneus insolens Adams p. 48
1896Hoplophoneus primaevus Adams p. 49
1896Hoplophoneus robustus Adams pp. 49 - 50
1896Hoplophoneus oreodontis Adams p. 50
1902Hoplophoneus insolens Hay p. 778
1902Hoplophoneus oreodontis Hay p. 779
1902Hoplophoneus primaevus Hay p. 779
1902Hoplophoneus robustus Hay p. 779
1910Hoplophoneus primaevus Matthew
1920Hoplophoneus latidens Thorpe
1920Hoplophoneus marshi Thorpe
1920Hoplophoneus molossus Thorpe
1920Hoplophoneus primaevus Thorpe
1921Hoplophoneus mentalis Sinclair
1927Hoplophoneus mentalis Wood p. 296
1936Drepanodon mentalis Scott and Jepsen
1936Drepanodon molossus Scott and Jepsen
1936Drepanodon oreodontis Scott and Jepsen
1936Hoplophoneus primaevus Scott and Jepsen
1941Hoplophoneus mentalis Simpson
1941Hoplophoneus primaevus Simpson
1949Hoplophoneus mentalis Hough
1949Hoplophoneus primaevus Hough
1953Hoplophoneus primaevus Galbreath
1996Hoplophoneus mentalis Bryant
1996Hoplophoneus primaevus Bryant
2016Hoplophoneus primaevus Barrett p. 50

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
suborderFeliformiaKretzoi 1945
familyNimravidaeCope 1880
tribeHoplophoneiniKretzoi 1929
genusHoplophoneusCope 1874
speciesprimaevus(Leidy and Owen 1851)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Hoplophoneus primaevus Leidy and Owen 1851
show all | hide all
Invalid names: Hoplophoneus insolens Adams 1896 [synonym], Hoplophoneus latidens Thorpe 1920 [synonym], Hoplophoneus marshi Thorpe 1920 [synonym], Hoplophoneus mentalis Sinclair 1921 [synonym], Hoplophoneus molossus Thorpe 1920 [synonym], Hoplophoneus oreodontis Cope 1873 [synonym], Hoplophoneus robustus Adams 1896 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
G. I. Adams 1896 (Hoplophoneus insolens)The skull of H. insolentis long and low, the postorbitalconstriction very marked,sagittal crest slightlyconcave, the occiput overhanging and concave from side to side, the posttympanicprocess is long and massiveapproachingthepostgleuoidprocessand beingproducedas far inferiorly. The limb bones have stoutshaftsand relativelysmall ex- treinities
G. I. Adams 1896 (Hoplophoneus robustus)The skull is relativelylarge comparedwiththe skeleton. The limb bones are rugoseand have stoutshafts,beingverysimilartothoseofDinictis fortis,1and are thus very differenftromthoseof H. primnaevus.Denti- tition:I 3 C {,Pm2,MD.
P. Z. Barrett 2016Characters of Hoplophoneus plus: sutural contact absent between the lacrimal and jugal; medial ridge of palate present; postglenoid foramen present; posterior lip of the glenoid socket projects more ventrally than the anterior lip; oblique angle between the braincase, disregarding the sagittal crest, and axial plane of the cranium; anterior dentary position elevate above cheek tooth row; vertically orientated posterior border of coronoid process; deep genial flange between 32 and 50% of total dentary length; mesial-distal length of C1 less than that of P4; ratio of height between P3 and P4 0.50 to 0.70; p3 lower than p4; trigonid proportion of m1, 88% or greater.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoreg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2009-01-04 14:30:41
Modified: 2009-01-04 16:32:12
Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Martin 1998, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Van Valkenburgh 1988, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Chadronian to the top of the Orellan or 37.00000 to 31.80000 Ma

Collections (17 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Chadronian37.0 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Hoplophoneus mentalis (16929 16930)
Chadronian37.0 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Hoplophoneus oharrai (16963 16966)
Chadronian37.0 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Hoplophoneus mentalis (83881) Hoplophoneus oharrai (16938)
Orellan33.9 - 31.8USA (South Dakota) Hoplophoneus insolens (17084) Hoplophoneus primaevus (17067 17077 17133 17141 17153 17295) Hoplophoneus robustus (17092)
Orellan33.9 - 31.8USA (Nebraska) Hoplophoneus primaevus (17098)
Orellan33.9 - 31.8USA (Wyoming) Hoplophoneus latidens (17157) Hoplophoneus primaevus (17131)