PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Metarhinus

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae

Taxonomy

Metarhinus was named by Osborn (1908). It is not extant.

It was assigned to Brontotheridae by Osborn (1908) and Carroll (1988); to Dolichorhinae by Riggs (1912), Osborn (1914) and Mader (1998); to Dolichorhininae by Mader (2008); to Rhadinorhinina by Mihlbachler (2008); and to Brontotheriinae by Mihlbachler and Deméré (2010).

Species

Heterotitanops parvus, M. abbotti, M. cristatus, M. diploconus (syn. Rhadinorhinus abbotti), M. earlei, M. fluviatilis (syn. M. riparius), M. pater, Telmatherium accola, Telmatherium advocata

Synonyms

Rhadinorhinus was named by Riggs (1912). Its type is Rhadinorhinus abbotti.

It was synonymized subjectively with Metarhinus by Mader (1998), Mader (2008) and Mader (2009).

It was assigned to Dolichorhinae by Riggs (1912) and Osborn (1914); to Brontotheridae by Carroll (1988); and to Dolichorhininae by Prothero and Schoch (1989).
Heterotitanops was named by Peterson (1914).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Osborn (1929) and Mader (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Metarhinus by Mader (2008) and Mader (2009).
Heterotitanops parvus was named by Peterson (1914) [genotype]. Its type locality is White River (Basal Uinta B1), which is in an Uintan terrestrial horizon in the Uinta Formation of Utah.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Osborn (1929), Mader (1998) and Mihlbachler (2008).
Metarhinus cristatus was named by Riggs (1912). Its type specimen is FMNH 12194 and is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).
Metarhinus earlei was named by Osborn (1908).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).
Telmatherium accola was named by Cook (1926). Its type specimen is DMNH 544, a mandible, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sand Wash, which is in an Uintan terrestrial horizon in the Washakie Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).
Telmatherium advocata was named by Cook (1926). Its type specimen is DMNS 550, a mandible, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sand Wash, which is in an Uintan terrestrial horizon in the Washakie Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1908	Metarhinus Osborn
1908	Metarhinus earlei Osborn
1912	Metarhinus cristatus Riggs
1912	Rhadinorhinus Riggs
1912	Metarhinus Riggs p. 25
1912	Metarhinus cristatus Riggs p. 28
1912	Rhadinorhinus Riggs p. 36
1914	Metarhinus Osborn p. 405
1914	Rhadinorhinus Osborn p. 405
1914	Heterotitanops Peterson
1914	Heterotitanops parvus Peterson
1926	Telmatherium accola Cook
1926	Telmatherium advocata Cook
1926	Telmatherium accola Cook pp. 16-17
1926	Telmatherium advocata Cook pp. 17-18
1988	Metarhinus Carroll
1988	Rhadinorhinus Carroll
1989	Rhadinorhinus Prothero and Schoch p. 536
1998	Metarhinus Mader p. 530
2008	Metarhinus Mader p. 8
2008	Metarhinus Mihlbachler p. 410
2010	Metarhinus Mihlbachler and Deméré

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
family	Brontotheriidae	()
subfamily	Brontotheriinae	Marsh 1873
genus	Metarhinus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Metarhinus Osborn 1908

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†Metarhinus abbotti Riggs 1912

†Metarhinus diploconus Osborn 1895

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Invalid names: Rhadinorhinus abbotti Riggs 1912 [synonym]

†Metarhinus fluviatilis Osborn 1908

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Invalid names: Metarhinus riparius Riggs 1912 [synonym]

†Metarhinus pater Stock 1937

Invalid names: Heterotitanops Peterson 1914 [synonym], Metarhinus cristatus Riggs 1912 [nomen dubium], Metarhinus earlei Osborn 1908 [nomen dubium], Rhadinorhinus Riggs 1912 [synonym], Telmatherium accola Cook 1926 [nomen dubium], Telmatherium advocata Cook 1926 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
B. J. Mader 2008	Medium sized (length P2 to M3 approximately 137–157 mm) dolichorhinine brontothere with prominent orbits and a very deep lateral nasal incision. Often there is no upper diastema and the suborbital protuberance may be small.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

browserf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:53:16

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:53:16

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Mader 1998, Carroll 1988

Age range: Uintan or 46.20000 to 39.70000 Ma

Collections (19 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (California)	Brontotheriidae indet. (16670) M. pater (16665 16666 16671 16674 16675 16679 16680 16687 16706 16707 16729)
Early/Lower Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Colorado)	M. sp., Telmatherium advocata, Telmatherium acola (16623)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (California)	M. pater (16509)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Wyoming)	M. sp. (16648)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Utah)	Heterotitanops parvus (16655) M. fluviatilis, Rhadinorhinus abbotti (16656) Rhadinorhinus sp. (16646 16659)