PBDB Taxon

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Brontotheriita

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae

Taxonomy

Brontotheriita was named by Marsh (1873) [Infratribe].

It was assigned to Brontotheriina by Mihlbachler (2008).

Subtaxa

Dianotitan, Duchesneodus, Duchesneodus californicus, Duchesneodus primitivum, Duchesneodus thyboi, Eubrontotherium, Megacerops (syn. Menops, Brontotherium, Miobasileus, Titanotherium, Brontops, Haplacodon, Symborodon, Anisacodon, Menodus, Diconodon, Diploclonus, Teleodus, Megaceratops, Allops, Titanops, Ateleodon), Notiotitanops, Parabrontops, Parvicornus, Protitanops

Synonyms

Megacerops primitivus was named by Lambe (1908). Its type specimen is NMC 6421, a mandible (a partial mandible with right i1–m3, left i1–c, and p2), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Teleodus primitivus by Osborn (1929), Peterson (1931), Russell (1934), Scott (1941) and Wilson (1977); it was recombined as Duchesneodus primitivus by Lucas and Schoch (1982); it was recombined as Duchesneodus primitivum by Lucas and Schoch (1989); it was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).
Teleodus californicus was named by Stock (1935). Its type locality is Pearson Ranch (Bed CS20), which is in a Duchesnean terrestrial horizon in the Sespe Formation of California.

It was recombined as Duchesneodus californicus by Lucas and Schoch (1982); it was synonymized subjectively with Duchesneodus uintensis by Lucas and Schoch (1989) and Walsh (1996); it was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).
Teleodus thyboi was named by Bjork (1967). Its type specimen is SDSM No. 63689, a partial skull (partial skull with no mandibles), and it is not a trace fossil. Its type locality is Antelope Creek (SDSM V-582), which is in a Duchesnean fluvial siliciclastic in the Slim Buttes Formation of South Dakota.

It was recombined as Duchesneodus thyboi by Lucas and Schoch (1982); it was synonymized subjectively with Duchesneodus uintensis by Lucas and Schoch (1989); it was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1873	Brontotheriita Marsh
1908	Megacerops primitivus Lambe
1929	Teleodus primitivus Osborn
1931	Teleodus primitivus Peterson
1934	Teleodus primitivus Russell
1935	Teleodus californicus Stock
1941	Teleodus primitivus Scott
1967	Teleodus thyboi Bjork p. 231
1977	Teleodus primitivus Wilson
1982	Duchesneodus californicus Lucas and Schoch
1982	Duchesneodus primitivus Lucas and Schoch p. 1022
1982	Duchesneodus thyboi Lucas and Schoch p. 1022
1989	Duchesneodus primitivum Lucas and Schoch
2008	Brontotheriita Mihlbachler p. 414

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
family	Brontotheriidae	()
subfamily	Brontotheriinae	Marsh 1873
tribe	Brontotheriini	Marsh 1873
subtribe	Brontotheriina	Marsh 1873
—	Brontotheriita	Marsh 1873
—	Brontotheriita	Marsh 1873

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Brontotheriita Marsh 1873

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G. †Dianotitan Chow et al. 1974

†Dianotitan lunanensis Chow and Hu 1959

G. †Duchesneodus Lucas and Schoch 1982

†Duchesneodus uintensis Peterson 1931

G. †Eubrontotherium Mihlbachler 2007

†Eubrontotherium clarnoensis Mihlbachler 2007

G. †Megacerops Leidy 1870

†Megacerops acer Cope 1873

Invalid names: Symborodon altirostris Cope 1873 [synonym]

†Megacerops assiniboiensis Lambe 1908

†Megacerops bucco Cope 1873

†Megacerops coloradensis Leidy 1870

Invalid names: Brontotherium gigas Marsh 1873 [synonym], Brontotherium hatcheri Osborn 1908 [synonym], Brontotherium ingens Marsh 1874 [synonym], Brontotherium leidyi Osborn 1902 [synonym], Brontotherium platyceras Scott and Osborn 1887 [synonym]

†Megacerops copei Osborn 1908

†Megacerops curtus Marsh 1887

Invalid names: Menodus peltoceras Cope 1891 [synonym]

†Megacerops elatus Marsh 1887

†Megacerops kuwagatarhinus Mader and Alexander 1995

†Megacerops osborni Schlaikjer 1935

†Megacerops riggsi Osborn 1916

†Megacerops syceras Cope 1889

Invalid names: Allops Marsh 1887 [synonym], Ateleodon Schlaikjer 1935 [synonym], Brontops Marsh 1887 [synonym], Brontotherium Marsh 1873 [synonym], Diploclonus Marsh 1890 [synonym], Haplacodon Cope 1889 [synonym], Megaceratops Cope 1873 [synonym], Menodus Pomel 1848 [synonym], Menops Marsh 1887 [synonym], Symborodon Cope 1873 [synonym], Teleodus Marsh 1890 [synonym], Titanops Marsh 1887 [synonym], Titanotherium Leidy 1852 [synonym]

G. †Notiotitanops Gazin and Sullivan 1942

†Notiotitanops mississippiensis Gazin and Sullivan 1942

G. †Parabrontops Granger and Gregory 1943

†Parabrontops gobiensis Osborn 1925

†Parabrontops lunanensis Chow and Hu 1959

G. †Parvicornus Mihlbachler and Deméré 2009

†Parvicornus occidentalis Mihlbachler and Deméré 2009

G. †Protitanops Stock 1936

†Protitanops curryi Stock 1936

Invalid names: Duchesneodus californicus Stock 1935 [nomen dubium], Duchesneodus primitivum Lambe 1908 [nomen dubium], Duchesneodus thyboi Bjork 1967 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

browserf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:53:16

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:53:16

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Mader 1998, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Eocene to the top of the Duchesnean or 55.80000 to 37.00000 Ma

Collections (65 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	USA (Utah)	Teleodus uintensis (16859)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	USA (Oregon)	Eubrontotherium clarnoensis, Protitanops sp. (16842)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	China (Yunnan)	Parabrontops lunanensis (36668)
Late/Upper Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	Brontotheriidae indet. (16542)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (California)	Duchesneodus sp. (16510 16603)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Utah)	Protitanotherium sp. (16531)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	USA (Mississippi)	Notiotitanops mississippiensis (80887)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (Texas)	Duchesneodus sp. (16835 16838) Duchesneodus uintensis (16855 16856 16857) Menodus bakeri (16830) Menodus bakeri, Teleodus sp. (16828)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (New Mexico)	Teleodus uintensis (16866 16869 16875)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (Utah)	Teleodus uintensis (16861)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (California)	Brontotheriidae indet. (16850) Duchesneodus californicus (16803 16806 16808 16812) Duchesneodus sp. (16782) Duchesneodus uintensis (16844) Parvicornus occidentalis (129887 129888 129891) Teleodus californicus (16810 16818)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (South Dakota)	Teleodus thyboi (16823 16825)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	USA (Georgia)	Brontotheriidae indet. (45640)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (South Dakota)	Allops serotinus, Brontops robustus, Brontotherium curtum, Megacerops marshi (17006) Allops walcotti (16936) Brontops brachycephalus (16937) Brontops dispar, Megacerops brachycephalus (17012) Brontotherium hatcheri (16978) Brontotherium leidyi (16899) Megacerops bicornutus (17013) Megacerops tyleri (16900) Menodus giganteus, Menodus giganteus (16938) Teleodus avus (168799)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (California)	Protitanops curryi (17029)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	Canada (Saskatchewan)	Megacerops sp. (16919 16999) Menodus angustigenis, Menodus proutii, Menodus selwynianus, Menodus syceras (101961)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Texas)	Menodus bakeri (16931 17016)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Montana)	Megacerops kuwagatarhinus (16926)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	Mexico (Chihuahua)	Brontops brachycephalus (17015)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Wyoming)	Allops marshi (16971) Brontops sp. (16896) Megacerops osborni, Menodus sp. (17045) Menodus heloceras (16920)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Nebraska)	Brontops brachycephalus (16929) Brontops dispar (17040)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Megaceratops acer, Megaceratops helocerus, Megacerops riggsi, Symborodon bucco, Symborodon torvus (16977) Megacerops kuwagatarhinus (17005)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Utah)	Allops marshi (16948)
Early/Lower Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Montana)	Menodus sp. (68415)
Early/Lower Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Wyoming)	Menodus heloceras (16904)
Late/Upper Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Megacerops sp. (85117)
Middle Chadronian - Late/Upper Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Megacerops sp. (156988)