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Marsileaceae
Taxonomy
Marsileaceae was named by Mirbel (1802). It is extant.
It was assigned to Filicales by Knowlton (1919); to Polypodiopsida by Vera et al. (2022), Perez Loinaze et al. (2023); and to Salviniales by Jud (2011), Hermsen et al. (2013), I (2016), Vallati et al. (2020), De Benedetti et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Filicales by Knowlton (1919); to Polypodiopsida by Vera et al. (2022), Perez Loinaze et al. (2023); and to Salviniales by Jud (2011), Hermsen et al. (2013), I (2016), Vallati et al. (2020), De Benedetti et al. (2024).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1802 | Marsileaceae Mirbel |
| 1859 | Cystorrhiza Massalongo |
| 1919 | Marsileaceae Knowlton |
| 2011 | Marsileaceae Jud |
| 2013 | Marsileaceae Hermsen et al. |
| 2016 | Marsileaceae I |
| 2020 | Marsileaceae Vallati et al. p. 5 |
| 2022 | Marsileaceae Vera et al. |
| 2023 | Marsileaceae Perez Loinaze et al. |
| 2024 | Marsileaceae De Benedetti et al. p. 7 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Marsileaceae Mirbel 1802
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G. †Crybelosporites Dettmann 1963
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†Crybelosporites australis Archangelsky and Llorens 2005
†Crybelosporites bellus Singh 1983
†Crybelosporites berberioides Burger 1976
†Crybelosporites brenneri Playford 1971
†Crybelosporites mamelonatus Lima 1978
†Crybelosporites pannuceus Srivastava 1977
†Crybelosporites punctatus Dettmann 1963
†Crybelosporites striatus Dettmann 1963
†Crybelosporites stylosus Dettmann 1963
†Crybelosporites vectensis Kemp 1970
G. †Gabonisporis Boltenhagen 1967
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†Gabonisporis cristata Sweet 1986
†Gabonisporis vigourouxii Boltenhagen 1967
G. Marsilea Linnaeus 1753 [water clover]
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†Marsilea andersoni Hollick 1904
†Marsilea attenuata Lesquereux 1875
†Marsilea intertrappea Patil and Upadhaye 1979
†Marsilea johnhallii Skog and Dilcher 1992
G. †Rodeites Sahni 1943
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†Rodeites dakshini Sahni 1943
†Rodeites intertrappeana Chitaley and Paradkar 1972
†Rodeites polycarpa Chitaley and Paradkar 1973
Invalid names: Cystorrhiza Massalongo 1859 [nomen nudum]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| E. J. Hermsen et al. 2013 | Diagnosis of marsileaceous vegetative organs. Rhizomes bearing roots and simple, unbranched filiform or compound leaves, or isolated compound leaves. Compound leaves petiolate with two or four leaflets (sometimes more) borne oppositely or in a pseudowhorl at the petiole apex. Leaflet venation of a single order, dichotomous with anastomoses, midvein absent; frequency of anastomoses variable (venation ranging from nearly lacking anastomoses to being fully reticulate). Areoles elongate lengthwise (but may become shorter distally) and generally fusiform in shape, lacking freely-ending veinlets. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Pliensbachian to the top of the Late/Upper Miocene or 192.90000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 174.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 174.7 Ma
Collections (270 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hettangian - Toarcian | Russian Federation | Marsilea sp. 1 (30460) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | Russian Federation | Marsilea sp. 1 (30695) | |
| Middle Jurassic - Late/Upper Cenomanian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites sp., Crybelosporites stylosus, Crybelosporites striatus (139303) | |
| Neocomian - Barremian | Sudan (South Kurdufan) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (172845 172846 172847 172849 172850 172851 172852 172853 172856 172857 172858 172860 172861 172864 172866) | |
| Early/Lower Cretaceous | Argentina (San Luis) | Crybelosporites sp. A (151090) | |
| Early/Lower Cretaceous - Late/Upper Cretaceous | Antarctica (Antarctic peninsula) | Crybelosporites striatus (172746) | |
| Hauterivian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites sp. (139322 139323 139324) Crybelosporites striatus (139319) | |
| Hauterivian - Barremian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites spp. (142218) | |
| Barremian - Aptian | USA (Virginia) | Crybelosporites sp., Crybelosporites striatus (32477) | |
| Barremian - Aptian | Sudan (West Kurdufan) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (145173 145176 145178 145179 145180) | |
| Barremian - Aptian | Sudan (South Kurdufan) | Crybelosporites pannaceus (172839) Crybelosporites pannuceus (172838 172841 172842 172844) | |
| Aptian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites spp. (142220) | |
| Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites sp. (139326 139327 139328) | |
| Aptian - Albian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Crybelosporites punctatus, Crybelosporites australis (150615) | |
| Aptian - Albian | Sudan (West Kurdufan) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (145162 145163 145172) | |
| Aptian - Albian | Sudan (South Kurdufan) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (145153 145154 145155 145156 145157 145159 145160 145161) | |
| Aptian - Albian | Peru (Loreto) | Crybelosporites pellitus, Crybelosporites pannuceus (144299) | |
| Aptian - Albian | Colombia (Huila) | Crybelosporites megasporicus (139391 139401) | |
| Aptian - Cenomanian | Libya (Cyrenaica) | Gabonisporis sp., Crybelosporites sp. (142508) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Brazil (Maranhão) | Crybelosporites brenneri (150515) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Crybelosporites striatus (149927) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Brazil (Sergipe) | Collarisporites fuscus (169817) Crybelosporites pannuceus (169828 169831 169835) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | Brazil (Sergipe) | Collarisporites fuscus (169727) Crybelosporites pannuceus (169705 169719) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | India (Gujarat) | Marsilea sp. (32378) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Crybelosporites stylosus (149846) | |
| Early/Lower Albian - Middle Albian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Crybelosporites berberioides, Crybelosporites stylosus (149746) | |
| Albian | Antarctica | Crybelosporites stylosus (153431) Crybelosporites stylosus, Crybelosporites striatus (153429) | |
| Albian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (142202 142203 142205) Crybelosporites spp. (142221) | |
| Albian | Egypt (Matruh) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (137372) | |
| Albian | Australia (South Australia) | Crybelosporites punctatus, Crybelosporites striatus (164529) Crybelosporites striatus (164488 164489 164490 164522 164523 164524 164525 164526 164528 164530) | |
| Albian | Canada (Nunavut) | Molaspora sp. (32587 32588) | |
| Albian - Cenomanian | Sudan (Sotuh Kurdufan) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (145152) | |
| Early/Lower Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Crybelosporites berberioides, Crybelosporites punctatus, Crybelosporites striatus (149928) | |
| Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian | Australia (South Australia) | Crybelosporites striatus (163896 163899 163900 163901 163902) | |
| Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian | Morocco (Tarfaya) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (144143) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | Australia (Victoria) | Molaspora lobata (43936 43947) | |
| Late/Upper Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites sp. (139331 139333 139334 139335 139336 139337) Crybelosporites sp., Crybelosporites stylosus, Crybelosporites striatus (139332) | |
| Cenomanian | USA (Minnesota) | Molaspora rugosa (31945 31950 31952) | |
| Cenomanian | Australia (South Australia) | Crybelosporites striatus (163584) | |
| Cenomanian | USA (Iowa) | Molaspora rugosa (32479) Regnellidium diphyllum, Molaspora lobata (32524) | |
| Cenomanian | Australia (Northern Territory) | Crybelosporites brenneri (163481 163482 163483 163484 163506 163507 163508 163509 163510 163511 163512 163513 163514 163515) Crybelosporites striatus (163505) | |
| Cenomanian | USA (Kansas) | Marsilea johnhallii (32448) Molaspora lobata (32607 32613 32620 32628 32638 32644 32648 32679 32681 32682 32689) Molaspora salinum, Molaspora lobata (32684 32685 32686) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (142206 142207 144979 145096 145097 145098 145099 145100 145101 145102 145103 145104 145105 145106 145107 145108) Crybelosporites sp. (139339) Crybelosporites sp., Crybelosporites stylosus (139340) | |
| Late/Upper Cenomanian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (145109 145110 145111 145112 145113 145114 145115 145116 145117 145118 145119 145120 145121 145122 145123 145124 145125) | |
| Late/Upper Cenomanian | South Sudan | Crybelosporites pannuceus (199989) | |
| Middle Cenomanian | Canada (Alberta) | Molaspora fibrosa (31733 31803 31804 31807 31810 31811 31822 31841 31867 31871) Molaspora fibrosa, Molaspora lobata (31817) | |
| Middle Cenomanian | South Sudan | Crybelosporites pannuceus (199994 199996 200021 200036) | |
| Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian | Egypt (north Western Desert) | Crybelosporites pannaceus (140404 140414) | |
| Senonian | Brazil (Alagoas) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (142302 142303 142304 142305) | |
| Late/Upper Cretaceous - Early/Lower Paleocene | Argentina (Chubut) | Crybelosporites pannuceus (195706) Crybelosporites pannuceus, Mirasolita irupensis, Lugiomarsiglia aquatica, Regnellidium thomastaylorii, Molaspora lobata (195707) | |
| Early/Lower Turonian | Egypt (north Western Desert) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (140398 140402) | |
| Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian | Egypt (north Western Desert) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (140386 140388 140389 140390) | |
| Turonian | Japan | Molaspora lobata (32478) | |
| Turonian | Australia (Northern Territory) | Crybelosporites brenneri (163819) | |
| Coniacian - Santonian | Egypt (north Western Desert) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (140381 140384) Gabonisporis vigourouxii, Crybelosporites pannaceus (140379) | |
| Coniacian - Maastrichtian | Argentina (Chubut) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (233992) | |
| Santonian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (149816) | |
| Santonian | Netherlands (Limburg) | Molaspora lobata (31780 31781 31785) | |
| Santonian | USA (Georgia) | Regnellidium upatoiensis, Molaspora lobata (32377) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Gabonisporis cristatus (227125) | |
| Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | South Sudan | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (199961 199964) | |
| Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Gabonisporis sp., Gabonisporis vigourouxii (226123) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Argentina (Neuquén) | Gabonisporis sp. (150621) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Marsilea sp. (34894) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Crybelosporites striatus, Crybelosporites pannuceus (168549) | |
| Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Marsilea sp. (94370) Molaspora reticulata (33623) | |
| Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Gabonisporis cristata (231747) Gabonisporis vigorouxii (231725) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Argentina (Río Negro) | Gabonisporis sp. (238219 238221 238223 238233) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Gabonisporis sp., Gabonisporis vigourouxii, Crybelosporites intertrappea (27014) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Argentina (Chubut) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (220171) | |
| Maastrichtian | Antarctica | Crybelosporites striatus (153424) | |
| Maastrichtian | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Rodeites dakshini (33636) | |
| Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Molaspora lobata (33042 33045) | |
| Maastrichtian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Gabonisporis sp. 1 (240045 240056) | |
| Maastrichtian | Canada (Nunavut) | Molaspora lobata (32600 32601 32602) | |
| Maastrichtian | India (Maharashtra) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (26370) | |
| Maastrichtian | Argentina (Chubut) | Crybelosporites sp. (150882) Crybelosporites sp., Marsileaceaephyllum sp. (233995) Crybelosporites sp., Molaspora lobata (233994) Gabonisporis vigourouxii (239875) Regnellidium thomastaylorii, Molaspora lobata (199410) | |
| Danian | Argentina (Chubut) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (152264) | |
| Early/Lower Paleocene | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Regnellidium sp. (181126) | |
| Paleocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Gabonisporis sp. 1 (149975 240549) | |
| Paleocene | Belgium (Beringen) | Molaspora lobata (31728) | |
| Paleogene | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Rodeites sp., Marsilea intertrappea, Rodeites intertrappeana, Rodeites polycarpa (224606) | |
| Paleogene | India (Telangana) | Rodeites dakshini (226044) | |
| Thanetian - Eocene | Netherlands (Limburg) | Molaspora lobata (34728) | |
| Ypresian - Lutetian | Argentina (Salta) | Gabonisporis vigourouxii (136214) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | Australia (Queensland) | Marsilea sp. (111853) | |
| Rupelian - Chattian | Germany (Saxony) | Regnellidium turgaicum (24983) | |
| Chattian | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Marsilea sp. (23781) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Marsilea sp. (23906 23907) | |
| Langhian | Germany (Brandenburg) | Marsilea dorofeevii (27518) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | Germany (Sachsen) | Marsilea dorofeevii (27279) | |
| Serravallian | Germany (Sachsen) | Marsilea dorofeevii (27381) | |
| Serravallian | Germany (Brandenburg) | Marsilea dorofeevii (23355 27013) | |
| Serravallian | Germany (Saxen) | Marsilea dorofeevii (22898) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Marsilea sp. (24317) |