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Gnetopsida

Gnetopsida

Taxonomy
Gnetopsida was named by Kirpotenko (1884). It is extant.

It was assigned to Gymnospermae by Mabberley (2000); and to Gnetophyta by Doweld (2001).

Sister taxa
Gnetales

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1884Gnetopsida Kirpotenko pp. vii, 31
2000Gnetopsida Mabberley
2001Gnetopsida Doweld p. xix

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumTracheophyta(Sinnott 1935)
Pteridobiotina
superphylumCycadophytanae
RankNameAuthor
phylumGnetophytaBessey 1907
classGnetopsidaKirpotenko 1884
classGnetopsidaKirpotenko 1884

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. Gnetopsida Kirpotenko 1884
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Or. Gnetales Martius 1835
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G. †Alaticolpites Regali et al. 1975 [elaterate]
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Alaticolpites limai Regali et al. 1975 [elaterate]
G. †Cratonia Rydin et al. 2003
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Cratonia cotyledon Rydin et al. 2003
G. †Drewria Crane and Upchurch, Jr. 1987
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Drewria potomacensis Crane and Upchurch, Jr. 1987
G. †Elaterocolpites Jardiné and Magloire 1965 [elaterate]
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Elaterocolpites africaensis Herngreen 1973
Elaterocolpites castelaini Jardiné and Magloire 1962
Elaterocolpites castelainii Jardiné and Magloire 1965
Elaterocolpites castelani Herngreen 1973 [elaterate]
Elaterocolpites pentarhetus Srivastava 1984 [elaterate]
G. †Elaterosporites Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]
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Elaterosporites acuminatus Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]
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Invalid names: Galeacornea acuminata Stover 1963 [synonym]
Elaterosporites castellaini Jardine and Magloire 1965
Elaterosporites klaszi Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]
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Invalid names: Galeacornea klaszi Jardiné and Magloire 1965 [objective synonym]
Elaterosporites klaszii Jardiné 1967
Elaterosporites protensus Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]
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Invalid names: Galeacornea protensa Stover 1963 [objective synonym]
Elaterosporites verrucatus Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]
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Invalid names: Galeacornea verrucata Jardiné and Magloire 1965 [objective synonym]
G. †Palaeognetaleana Wang 2004
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G. †Siphonospermum Rydin and Friis 2010
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Siphonospermum simplex Rydin and Friis 2010
G. †Steevesipollenites Stover 1964
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Steevesipollenites cupuliformis Azema and Boltenhagen 1974
Steevesipollenites dajani Brenner 1968
Steevesipollenites dayani Brenner 1968
Steevesipollenites grambasti Azema and Boltenhagen 1974
Steevesipollenites pygmeus Azema and Boltenhagen 1974
Steevesipollenites sinuosus Azema and Boltenhagen 1974
Steevesipollenites stoverii Deaf et al. 2014
Fm. Welwitschiaceae Caruel 1879
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G. Welwitschia Hooker 1862
G. †Welwitschiapites Bolkhovitina
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Welwitschiapites canaliculus Lele and Kulkarni 1969
Welwitschiapites extansus Bharadwaj and Salujha 1964
Welwitschiapites magnus Maithy 1965
Welwitschiapites minutus Maithy 1965
Welwitschiapites tenuis Bharadwaj and Salujha 1964
G. †Welwitschiella Dilcher et al. 2005
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Welwitschiella austroamericana Dilcher et al. 2005
G. †Welwitschiophyllum Dilcher et al. 2005
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Welwitschiophyllum brasiliense Dilcher et al. 2005
G. †Welwitschiostrobus Dilcher et al. 2005
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Welwitschiostrobus murili Dilcher et al. 2005
Invalid names: Gnetaceae Lindley 1834 [empty]
G. †Gontriglossa Anderson and Anderson 1989
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Gontriglossa reinerae Nielsen 2005
G. †Pityophyllum Nathorst 1899
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Pityophyllum staratschini Nathorst 1899
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Sakmarian to the top of the Early/Lower Eocene or 293.52000 to 48.07000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 290.1 Ma

Collections (669 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Permian298.9 - 251.902India (Jharkhand) Welwitschiapites tenuis (224608)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1India Welwitschiapites canaiculus (30147) Welwitschiapites magnus (30151)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1India (Jharkhand) Welwitschiapites magnus, Welwitschiapites minutus (225321)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4India (Jharkhand) Welwitschiapites tenuis (224664 224701 224722)
Wordian - Lopingian266.9 - 251.902India Welwitschiapites extansus, Welwitschiapites tenuis (30166)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14China (Shanxi) Palaeognetaleana auspicia (242112)
Lopingian259.51 - 251.902India (West Bengal) Welwitschiapites extansus, Welwitschiapites tenuis (224894)
Lopingian259.51 - 251.902India (Madhya Pradesh) Welwitschiapites sp. (224895)
Anisian246.7 - 241.464China (Liaoning) Pityophyllum sp. 1 (29984)
Anisian - Ladinian246.7 - 237.0Mongolia Pityophyllum sp. 1 (30302)
Anisian - Ladinian246.7 - 237.0China (Gansu) Pityophyllum sp. 1 (29705)
Middle Triassic246.7 - 237.0Argentina (Mendoza) Gontriglossa sp. (200132)
Ladinian241.464 - 237.0Japan (Yamaguchi) Pityophyllum sp. 1 (30210)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3South Africa (Eastern Cape) Gontriglossa sp. (23004)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3South Africa Gontriglossa sp. (23084)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3South Africa (Kwazulu-Natal) Gontriglossa sp. (23002)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3Chile Gontriglossa reinerae (201288)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3Russian Federation Pityophyllum sp. 1 (30416 30818)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3Japan (Yamaguchi) Pityophyllum sp. 1 (30209)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 205.7Russian Federation Pityophyllum sp. 1 (30511)