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| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Polygalaceae (milkwort)
Taxonomy
Polygalaceae was named by von Hoffmannsegg and Link (1809). It is extant.
It was assigned to Polygalales by Mabberley (2000); to Fabales by The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016); and to Magnoliopsida by Prasad et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Polygalales by Mabberley (2000); to Fabales by The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016); and to Magnoliopsida by Prasad et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1809 | Polygalaceae von Hoffmannsegg and Link |
| 2000 | Polygalaceae Mabberley |
| 2016 | Polygalaceae The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group p. 16 |
| 2017 | Polygalaceae Prasad et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Polygalaceae von Hoffmannsegg and Link 1809 [milkwort]
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G. Polygala Linnaeus 1753 [milkwort]
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Polygala bracteolata Linnaeus 1753
Polygala chamaebuxus Linnaeus 1753
Polygala ciliata Linnaeus 1753
Polygala cruciata Linnaeus 1753
Polygala diversifolia Linnaeus 1753
Polygala glaucoides Linnaeus 1753
Polygala heisteria Linnaeus 1753
Polygala incarnata Linnaeus 1753
Polygala lutea Linnaeus 1753
Polygala monspeliaca Linnaeus 1753
Polygala myrtifolia Linnaeus 1753
Polygala penaea Linnaeus 1753
Polygala sanguinea Linnaeus 1753
Polygala scabra Linnaeus 1753
Polygala senega Linnaeus 1753
Polygala sibirica Linnaeus 1753
Polygala spinosa Linnaeus 1753
Polygala triflora Linnaeus 1753
Polygala verticillata Linnaeus 1753
Polygala viridescens Linnaeus 1753
Polygala vulgaris Linnaeus 1753
G. Securidaca Linnaeus 1753
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†Securidaca miocenica Prasad et al. 1997
†Securidaca precorymbosa Prasad et al. 2017
†Securidaca tertiaria Engelhardt 1907
Securidaca volubilis Linnaeus 1753
G. Xanthophyllum Roxburgh 1820
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†Xanthophyllum cuddalorense Awasthi 1987
†Xanthophyllum mioflavescens Antal and Prasad 1996
†Xanthophyllum mioglaucum Prasad et al. 2017
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Turonian to the top of the Holocene or 93.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 83.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 83.6 Ma
Collections (29 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turonian - Santonian | South Sudan | Tubistephanocolpites cylindricus (199972 199974 199975 199977) | |
| Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | South Sudan | Tubistephanocolpites cylindricus (199954 199955 199958) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | South Sudan | Tubistephanocolpites cylindricus (199948) | |
| Paleocene | Pakistan (Sindh) | Polygalacidites clarus (237096 237105 237118 237119 237124 237157 237168 237175) | |
| Paleocene | India (Meghalaya) | Polygalacidites clarus (224708) | |
| Paleocene | Pakistan (Punjab) | Polygalacidites clarus (237262) | |
| Miocene | Nepal | Securidaca miocenica, Qualea siwalica (222898) | |
| Neogene | India (Tamil Nadu) | Xanthophyllum cuddalorense (224633) | |
| Middle Miocene | India (Uttarakhand) | Securidaca precorymbosa (224498) Xanthophyllum mioglaucum (224493) | |
| Pliocene | Portugal | Polygala sp. (232112 232144 232147) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Australia (Victoria) | Polygalaceae indet. (172873) | |
| Quaternary | India (Rajasthan) | Polygala sp. (228811) | |
| Quaternary | India (Tamil Nadu) | Polygala sibirica (228792) | |
| Holocene | India (Uttarakhand) | Polygala sp. (228762) |