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Cassidae
Taxonomy
Cassidae was named by Latreille (1825) [m. kosnik taxon no: 5444]. It is extant.
It was reranked as the subfamily Cassinae by Bouchet et al. (2005).
It was assigned to Taenioglossa by Martin (1904); to Tonnacea by Hickman (1980) and Squires (1987); to Mesogastropoda by Squires (1988); to Cassoidea by Harzhauser and Mandic (2001); to Caenogastropoda by Squires (1999) and Wienrich (2001); to Tonnidae by Bouchet et al. (2005); and to Tonnoidea by Ponder and Warén (1988), Beesley (1998), Todd (2001), Harzhauser (2002), Harzhauser (2004), Beu (2005), Beu (2008), Beu (2010) and Bouchet et al. (2017).
It was reranked as the subfamily Cassinae by Bouchet et al. (2005).
It was assigned to Taenioglossa by Martin (1904); to Tonnacea by Hickman (1980) and Squires (1987); to Mesogastropoda by Squires (1988); to Cassoidea by Harzhauser and Mandic (2001); to Caenogastropoda by Squires (1999) and Wienrich (2001); to Tonnidae by Bouchet et al. (2005); and to Tonnoidea by Ponder and Warén (1988), Beesley (1998), Todd (2001), Harzhauser (2002), Harzhauser (2004), Beu (2005), Beu (2008), Beu (2010) and Bouchet et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Cassidae Latreille |
| 1853 | Cassididae Adams and Adams |
| 1904 | Cassidae Martin p. 226 |
| 1931 | Cassididae Olsson p. 94 |
| 1938 | Cassididae Turner p. 92 |
| 1947 | Cassididae Harris and Palmer p. 327 |
| 1977 | Cassididae Adegoke p. 208 |
| 1980 | Cassidae Hickman p. 41 |
| 1983 | Cassididae Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 104 |
| 1984 | Cassididae Squires p. 26 |
| 1987 | Cassidae Squires p. 39 |
| 1988 | Cassidae Ponder and Warén p. 302 |
| 1988 | Cassidae Squires p. 13 |
| 1998 | Cassidae Beesley p. 794 |
| 1999 | Cassidae Squires p. 18 |
| 2001 | Cassidae Harzhauser and Mandic p. 705 |
| 2001 | Cassidae Todd |
| 2001 | Cassidae Wienrich p. 436 |
| 2002 | Cassidae Harzhauser p. 91 |
| 2004 | Cassidae Harzhauser p. 133 |
| 2005 | Cassidae Beu p. 33 |
| 2005 | Cassinae Bouchet et al. p. 253 |
| 2008 | Cassidae Beu p. 272 |
| 2010 | Cassidae Beu |
| 2017 | Cassidae Bouchet et al. p. 348 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Cassidae Latreille 1825
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G. Casmaria Adams and Adams 1853
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Casmaria erincaeus Linnaeus 1758
†Casmaria ponderosa Gmelin 1791
Subfm. †Cassinae Latreille 1825
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G. Cassis Scopoli 1777
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†Cassidea mamillaris pedemontana Sacco 1890
Subg. Cassis (Hypocassis) Iredale 1927
Subg. †Cassis (Morionella) Dall 1909
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†Cassis altispira Beu 2010
†Cassis avellana Brongniart 1822
†Cassis birmanica Vredenburg 1921
†Cassis brevicostatus Conrad 1834
†Cassis carinata Bruguière 1792
Cassis cornuta Linnaeus 1758
†Cassis costulifera Beu 2010
†Cassis delta Parker 1948
†Cassis depressior Martin 1879
†Cassis fimbriata Quoy 1833
Cassis flammea Linnaeus 1758
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Invalid names: Cassis alba Perry 1811 [synonym], Cassis marmorata Röding 1798 [synonym]
†Cassis flintensis Mansfield 1940
†Cassis glaucoides Martin 1879
†Cassis herklotsi Martin 1879
†Cassis ketteri Parodiz and Tripp 1992
†Cassis maccormacki Olsson 1928
Cassis madagascariensis Lamarck 1822
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Invalid names: Cassis cameo Stimpson 1860 [invalid subgroup], Cassis spinella Clench 1944 [synonym]
†Cassis mammillaris Grateloup 1927
Cassis norai Prati Musetti 1995
†Cassis nummulitiphila Sacco 1890
†Cassis retusa Michelotti 1861
†Cassis subtuberosa Hanna 1926
†Cassis sulcifera Sowerby 1850
†Cassis togata White 1887
Cassis tuberosa Linnaeus 1758
†Cassis vialensis Fuchs 1870
†Phalium brevicostatum creolum Harris and Palmer 1947
Invalid names: Cassidea Bruguière 1792 [synonym], Goniogalea Morch 1857 [synonym], Nannocassis Iredale 1927 [synonym]
G. Cypraecassis Stuchburry 1837
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Subg. Cypraecassis (Cypraecassis) Stuchburry 1837
Subg. Cypraecassis (Levenia) Gray 1847
†Cypraecassis cantaurana Beu 2010
†Cypraecassis chipolana Duerr 2001
Cypraecassis coarctata Sowerby 1825
Cypraecassis tenuis Wood 1828
Cypraecassis testiculus Linnaeus 1758
Cypraecassis wilmae Kreipl and Alf 2000
G. Galeodea Link 1807
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†Galeodea aegyptiaca Oppenheim 1906
†Galeodea allani Finlay and Marwick 1937
Galeodea bicatenata Sowerby 1815
†Galeodea californica Clark 1942
†Galeodea crescentensis Weaver and Palmer 1922
†Galeodea depressa Buch 1831
†Galeodea koureos Gardner 1939
†Galeodea louella Squires and Advocate 1986
†Galeodea megacephala Philippi 1843
†Galeodea meganosensis Vokes 1939
†Galeodea petersoni Conrad 1854
†Galeodea petrosa Conrad 1855
†Galeodea planotecta Meyer and Aldrich 1886
†Galeodea tuberculiformis Gabb 1864
†Galeodea wylliei Marwick 1931
†Mambrinia planotecta jacksonia Harris and Palmer 1947
Invalid names: Caliagaleodea Clark 1942 [synonym], Cassidaria Lamarck 1816 [synonym], Doliopsis tricarinatum Conrad 1865 [nomen nudum], Echinora Schumacher 1817 [synonym], Galeodaria Conrad 1865 [synonym], Galeoocorys Kuroda and Habe 1957 [synonym], Gomphopages Gardner 1939 [synonym], Mambrinia Gardner 1939 [synonym], Morio Montfort 1810 [synonym], Taieria Finlay and Marwick 1937 [synonym]
G. Sconsia Gray 1847
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Subg. Sconsia (Sconsia) Gray 1847
†Sconsia augustana Wrigley 1934
†Sconsia beyrichi Michelotti 1861
†Sconsia cocleana Olsson 1922
†Sconsia felix Maury 1934
†Sconsia grayi Adams 1855
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Invalid names: Cassidaria (Sconsia) striata Lamarck 1816 [replaced], Cassidaria sublaevigata Guppy 1866 [synonym], Sconsia barbudensis Higgins and Marrat 1887 [synonym], Sconsia bocasensis Olsson 1922 [synonym], Sconsia gabbi Olsson 1922 [synonym], Sconsia lindae Petuch 1987 [synonym]
†Sconsia laevigata Guppy 1850
†Sconsia lintea Conrad 1848
†Sconsia paralaevigata Gardner 1947
†Sconsia prolongata Petuch 1994
Invalid names: Galeodosconsia Sacco 1890 [synonym], Morionassa Sacco 1890 [synonym]
Subfm. Oocorythinae Fischer 1885
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G. Dalium Dall 1889
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†Dalium dalli Böse 1906
†Dalium ecuadorianum Olsson 1942
Dalium solidum Dall 1889
G. Oocorys Fischer 1883
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†Oocorys clericus Quinn 1980
Oocorys sulcata Fischer 1883
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Invalid names: Benthodolium abyssorum Verrill and Smith 1884 [synonym]
Oocorys verrillii Dall 1889
Invalid names: Benthodolium Verrill and Smith 1884 [synonym], Hadroocorys Quinn 1980 [synonym]
Subfm. †Phaliinae Beu 1981
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G. Echinophoria Sacco 1890
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Echinophoria bituberculosa Martens 1904
†Echinophoria caelatura Conrad 1830
Echinophoria carnosa Kuroda and Habe 1961
Echinophoria coronadoi Crosse 1867
†Echinophoria dalli Dickerson 1917
†Echinophoria etchuensis Hatai and Nisiyama 1949
†Echinophoria famulans Jung 1971
†Echinophoria fax Tegland 1931
Echinophoria hadra Woodring and Olsson 1957
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Invalid names: Bathygalea (Miogalea) dalli Anderson 1929 [replaced], Phalium (Echinophoria) andersoni Abbott 1968 [synonym]
†Echinophoria intermedium Brocchi 1814
Echinophoria pilsbryi Woodring and Olsson 1957
†Echinophoria pollens Finlay 1926
†Echinophoria trituberculata Weaver 1912
†Echinophoria woodringi Olsson 1964
Echinophoria wyvillei Watson 1886
Invalid names: Bathygalea Woodring and Olsson 1957 [synonym], Euspinacassis Finlay 1926 [synonym], Mariacassis Petuch 1988 [synonym], Miogalea Woodring and Olsson 1957 [synonym], Shichiheia Hatai and Nisiyama 1949 [synonym], Trachydolium Howe 1926 [synonym]
G. Phalium Link 1807
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Subg. †Phalium (Kahua) Marwick 1928
Subg. †Phalium (Menthafontia) MacNeil and Dockery 1984
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†Phalium (Menthafontia) menthafons MacNeil and Dockery 1984
†Phalium (Menthafontia) mississippiensis Conrad 1848
†Phalium areola Linnaeus 1758
†Phalium bandatum Perry 1811
Phalium cicatricosum Gmelin 1791
†Phalium guppyana Maury 1912
†Phalium paraensis Maury 1934
†Phalium taitii Conrad 1834
†Phalium taitii johnsoni Harris and Palmer 1947
Phalium undulatum Gmelin 1791
Invalid names: Bezoardica Dall 1909 [synonym], Bezoardicella Habe 1961 [synonym]
G. Semicassis Mörch 1852
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†Cassidea (Semicassis) bituminata Martin 1933
†Cassidea (Semicassis) calantica Deshayes 1835
†Cassidea (Semicassis) mekranica Vredenburg 1925
†Cassidea (Semicassis) ormarensis Vredenburg 1925
†Cassidea (Semicassis) vandervierki Martin 1933
†Morio tuberculatus trituberculatus Weaver 1912
†Phalium (Semicassis) miolaevigata Sacco 1890
†Phalium (Semicassis) tuberculiformis Gabb 1864
Subg. Semicassis (Antephalium) Iredale 1924
†Semicassis aldrichi Dall 1890
†Semicassis angasi Iredale 1927
Semicassis bisulcata Schubert and Wagner 1829
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Invalid names: Cassis (Semicassis) quilonensis Dey 1961 [synonym], Cassis japonica Reeve 1848 [synonym], Phalium (Semicassis) dalrymplei Cox 1948 [synonym], Semicassis pila Martin 1899 [synonym]
Semicassis centiquadrata Valenciennes 1832
†Semicassis deneseplicata Martin 1916
Semicassis faurotis Jousseaume 1888
Semicassis granulata Born 1778
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Invalid names: Phalium (Tylocassis) inflata Shaw 1811 [synonym], Phalium alligator Petuch 1991 [synonym], Phalium loxahatcheensis Petuch 1994 [synonym]
†Semicassis harpaeformis Lamarck 1803
†Semicassis labiata Perry 1811
†Semicassis monilifera Sowerby 1846
†Semicassis oligocalantica Vredenburg 1925
†Semicassis ovulum Ortmann 1900
Semicassis pyrum Lamarck 1822
†Semicassis pyshtensis Addicott 1976
Semicassis sculpta Sowerby 1839
†Semicassis senni Rustch 1934
Invalid names: Faurotis Jousseaume 1888 [synonym], Semicassis (Tylocassis) inflata waltonensis Mansfield 1935 [synonym], Tylocassis Woodring 1928 [synonym], Xenogalea Iredale 1927 [synonym], Xenophalium Iredale 1927 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cassididae Adams and Adams 1853 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 100.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Collections (995 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cenomanian | Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) | Galeodea sp. (94265) | |
| Coniacian | USA (California) | Haydenia impressa (44232) | |
| Santonian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Galeodea klingeri (47109) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | USA (California) | Haydenia impressa (185168) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Antarctica | Cassidaria sp. (39620) | |
| Maastrichtian | USA (Texas) | Doliocassis sp. (205446) | |
| Maastrichtian | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | Cassidaria mirabilis (3161 63518) Cassidaria mirablis (63513) | |
| Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | Cassidaria miabilis (3157) Cassidaria mirabilis (3158) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | Cassidaria mirabilis (3166 3169) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Poland | Cassidaria truncata (27822) | |
| Danian | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | Cassis sp. (8019) | |
| Danian | Poland | Cassidaria elongata (27625) | |
| Danian | Greenland | Galeodea elongata (177724) | |
| Danian | Argentina (Neuquén) | Galeodea mirabilis (73922 73988) | |
| Danian | Egypt | Cassidaria sp. (86950) | |
| Danian - Thanetian | USA (Louisiana) | Galeodea sp., Galeodea sp. A (52196) | |
| Paleocene | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | Cassis sp. (63516) | |
| Paleocene | USA (California) | Cassidaria tuberculata (190773) | |
| Selandian | Denmark | Cassidaria elongata (35264 35265 35266 35267 51500) | |
| Selandian - Thanetian | New Zealand | Taieria allani (64700) | |