PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Lymnocardiinae

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae

Taxonomy

Lymnocardiinae was named by Stoliczka (1870) [m. kosnik taxon no: 9260]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Lymnocardiidae by Vokes (1980); to Limnocardiidae by Popa et al. (2009); to Cardiidae by Bouchet et al. (2010); and to Eucardiids by Carter et al. (2011).

Sister taxa

Pachydacninae

Synonyms

Stylodacninae was named by Papaianopol (1987).

It was synonymized subjectively with Lymnocardiinae by Bouchet et al. (2010).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1870	Lymnocardiinae Stoliczka
1980	Lymnocardiinae Vokes p. 130
1987	Stylodacninae Papaianopol
2009	Limnocardiinae Popa et al. p. 7
2010	Lymnocardiinae Bouchet et al.
2011	Lymnocardiinae Carter et al. p. 15

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia
—	Eubivalvia
subclass	Autobranchia	(Groblen 1894)
infraclass	Heteroconchia	(Gray 1854)
—	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822

Rank	Name	Author
—	Cardiidia	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardiata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Cardiiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Cardiida	Ferussac 1822
suborder	Cardiidina	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardioidei	Ferussac 1822
superfamily	Cardioidea	(Lamarck 1809)
family	Cardiidae	Lamarck 1809
—	Neocardiids
—	Eucardiids	Schneider 1995
subfamily	Lymnocardiinae	Stoliczka 1870
subfamily	Lymnocardiinae	Stoliczka 1870

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Lymnocardiinae Stoliczka 1870

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Tr. †Acobaecardiini Paramonova 1986

G. †Acobaecardium

Tr. Adacnini Gill 1871

G. Adacna Eichwald 1838

Adacna laeviuscula Eichwald 1829

Adacna minima Ostroumov 1907

Adacna vitrea Eichwald 1829

G. Hypanis

Hypanis plicata Eichwald 1829

Hypanis semipellucida Logvinenko and Starobogatov 1967

Tr. †Arcicardiini Nevesskaja 1986

G. †Arcicardium Fischer 1887

Tr. †Avicardiini Popov 1977

G. †Avicardium Kolesnikov 1950

Tr. †Aviculocardiini Paramonova 2001

G. †Aviculocardium

G. †Eoprosodacna

Tr. †Limnopappiini Schlickum 1962

G. †Limnopappia Schlickum 1962

Tr. †Lymnocardiini Stoliczka 1870

Subtr. †Prionopleurina Taktakishvili 1987

G. †Prionopleura Eberzin 1949

Invalid names: Lymnocardiina Stoliczka 1870 [empty]

G. †Lymnocardium Stoliczka 1870

Tr. †Merklinicardiini Popov 2001

G. †Merklinicardium

Subfm. †Pachydacninae Andreescu 1975

G. †Pachydacna Eberzin 1955

Tr. †Phyllocardiini Nevesskaja 1986

G. Phyllocardium Fischer 1887

Tr. †Planacardiini Paramonova 2001

G. †Planacardium Paramonova 1971

Tr. †Plicatiformini Paramonova 2001

G. †Plicatiformes Kojumdgieva 1969

Tr. †Pontalmyrini Taktakishvili 1987

G. †Pontalmyra

Invalid names: Chartoconchini Taktakishvili 1987 [synonym], Digressodacnini Taktakishvili 1987 [synonym], Panticapaeini Taktakishvili 1987 [synonym], Pseudocatillini Taktakishvili 1987 [synonym]

G. †Prosodacna Tournouër 1882

Tr. †Pseudocarditini Keen 1969

G. †Pseudocardita Oppenheim 1919

Invalid names: Obsoletiformini Paramonova 2001 [empty], Paradacnini Ebersin 1964 [empty], Prosodacnini Keen 1937 [empty], Stylodacninae Papaianopol 1987 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitec

Locomotion:

facultatively mobilef

Life habit:

infaunalf

Diet:

suspension feederf

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2009-07-04 09:31:14

Modified:

2009-08-17 22:21:59

Source: f = family, c = class

References: Todd 2001, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Carnian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 237.00000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 228.0 Ma

Collections (20 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Carnian	237.0 - 228.0	China (Sichuan)	Pseudocardita sp. (25404)
Middle Miocene	15.97 - 11.608	Somalia	Limnocardium kischinevense (78938 78942 78947)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.608 - 5.333	Croatia	Limnocardium praeponticum, Limnocardium obsoletum (68219) Limnocardium praeponticum, Limnocardium spinosum, Limnocardium promultistriatum, Limnocardium fatioi, Limnocardium robiei, Limnocardium plicataeformis, Limnocardium cekusi, Limnocardium obsoletum (68221) Limnocardium spinosum, Limnocardium winkleri, Limnocardium robiei, Limnocardium cekusi, Limnocardium gorjanovici (68266)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.608 - 5.333	Greece (Thraki)	Pseudocatillus pseudocatillus (205293)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Romania	Chartoconcha sp. (73301) Pontalmyra subcarinata, Pseudocatillus pseudocatillus (73300)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Italy (Piedmont)	Limnocardium sp. (113998) Lymnocardiinae indet., Pontalmyra bollenensis, Pontalmyra incerta, Pontalmyra partschi, Pseudocatillus nevesskayae (172912) Pontalmyra bollenensis, Pontalmyra incerta, Pontalmyra partschi, Pachydacna sp. (172915) Pontalmyra bollenensis, Pontalmyra incerta, Pontalmyra partschi, Pontalmyra sp., Pseudocatillus nevesskayae, Pseudocatillus sp., Pachydacna sp. (172910) Pontalmyra bollenensis, Pontalmyra incerta, Pontalmyra partschi, Pseudocatillus nevesskayae (199859) Pontalmyra bollenensis, Pontalmyra incerta, Pontalmyra partschi, Pseudocatillus nevesskayae, Pseudocatillus sp., Pachydacna sp. (172914) Pontalmyra incerta, Pontalmyra partschi (199860) Pontalmyra partschi, Pachydacna sp. (172916)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Georgia	Prosodacna sp. (45924)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	Russian Federation	Adacna laeviuscula, Adacna minima, Hypanis plicata, Monodacna semipellucida (201990)