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Kymatoxinae

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Anatinellidae

Taxonomy
Kymatoxinae was named by Stenzel and Krause (1957). It is extant.

It was assigned to Mactridae by Bouchet et al. (2010) and Carter et al. (2011); and to Anatinellidae by Signorelli and Carter (2016).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1957Kymatoxinae Stenzel and Krause
1969Pteropsellinae Keen
1980Pteropsellinae Vokes p. 138
1982Pteropsellinae Woodring p. 653
2003Pteropsellinae Moore
2010Kymatoxinae Bouchet et al.
2011Kymatoxinae Carter et al. p. 16
2016Kymatoxinae Signorelli and Carter p. 209 figs. Table 1

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
RankNameAuthor
—CardioniFerussac 1822
—CardiidiaFerussac 1822
—CardiataFerussac 1822
superorderCardiiformiiFerussac 1822
orderCardiidaFerussac 1822
suborderCardiidinaFerussac 1822
—Veneroidei(Gray 1854)
—VeneroiteiGray 1854
superfamilyMactroidea(Lamarck 1809)
familyAnatinellidaeDeshayes 1853
subfamilyKymatoxinaeStenzel and Krause 1957
subfamilyKymatoxinaeStenzel and Krause 1957

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Kymatoxinae Stenzel and Krause 1957
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G. Anatina Schumacher 1817
+
†Anatina amici Stoppani 1865
Anatina anatina Spengler 1802
+
Invalid names: Anatina pellucida Schumacher 1817 [synonym], Lutraria lineata Say 1822 [synonym], Mactra recurva Wood 1828 [synonym]
†Anatina arcuata Forbes 1846
†Anatina arista Stoppani 1865
†Anatina austinensis Shattuck 1903
†Anatina baldassari Stoppani 1865
†Anatina gladius Laube 1865
†Anatina lata Gabb 1864
†Anatina millepunctata Vogel 1895
†Anatina parvula Thurmann and Etallon 1862
†Anatina passeri Stoppani 1865
†Anatina praecursor Oppel 1858
†Anatina putatoria White 1887
†Anatina roseburgensis Hendon 1938
†Anatina shattucki Adkins 1928
+
Invalid names: Anatina texana Shattuck 1903 [replaced]
†Anatina suessi Oppel 1858
†Anatina zannoni Stoppani 1865
G. †Kymatox Stenzel et al. 1957
G. †Pteropsella Vokes 1956
+
†Pteropsella lapidosa Conrad 1846
G. Raeta Gray 1853
+
Subg. Raeta (Raeta) Gray 1853
Subg. †Raeta (Raetella) Dall 1898
Subg. †Raeta (Raetina) Dall 1898
+
†Raeta gabbi Pilsbry and Johnson 1917
†Raeta gardnerae Spieker 1922
†Raeta gibbosa Gabb 1870
†Raeta hasletti Anderson 1929
Raeta plicatella Lamarck 1818
+
Invalid names: Raeta canaliculata Say 1822 [synonym]
†Raeta transmontana Conrad 1856
†Raeta undulata Gould 1851
Invalid names: Pteropsellinae Keen 1969 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: infaunalf
Diet: suspension feederf
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-09-09 14:05:18
Modified: 2009-09-09 16:05:18
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Julian to the top of the Holocene or 235.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 232.0 Ma

Collections (186 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4Indonesia Anatina praecursor (201866 201870)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4Indonesia (West Sumatra) Anatina praecursor (204435)
Julian235.0 - 232.0Italy Anatina gladius (144634)
Sevatian - Rhaetian212.0 - 201.3Iran Cercomya suessi (49031)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Italy Anatina arista (204978) Anatina passeri (204951) Anatina praecursor (204950 204952) Anatina suessi (204938) Laternula zannonii (38167)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Champagne-Ardennes) Anatina praecursor (139922)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Italy (Trento) Anatina rhaetica (232118)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Italy (Lombardy) Anatina zannoni (38116) Anatina zannoni, Anatina praecursor (38114)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Hungary (Veszprém) Cercomya zannoni (200771)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3China (Tibet) Cercomya suessi (201833)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France Anatina praecursor (39357 39358 39359 39360)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7USA (Oregon) Anatina sp. (207485)
Bajocian170.3 - 168.3Mexico (Oaxaca) Anatina sp. (8061)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian163.5 - 152.1Yemen Anatina striata (94501)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian163.5 - 152.1Ethiopia Anatina parvula (94574)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian163.5 - 152.1Eritrea Anatina parvula (94573 94581 94583)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Anatina sp. (212032)
Early/Lower Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Switzerland Anatina cornueliana, Anatina valangiensis (2225)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Switzerland Anatina cornueliana, Anatina brevissima (2198)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0France Anatina marrullensis (2212)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 122.46Switzerland Anatina gurgitis (2175)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Madagascar (Mahajanga) Anatina agassizi (86497)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Brazil (Sergipe) Anatina putatoria (87857)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Texas) Anatina austinensis, Anatina texana (88748)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Minnesota) Anatina marblensis (1989)
Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (New Mexico) Anatina lineata (88641) Anatina sp. (88639)
Late/Upper Turonian - Late/Upper Campanian93.5 - 70.6USA (California) Anatina sp. (207827)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6Canada (Alberta) Anatina sp. (87569)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Algeria Raeta saharica, Raeta quadrata (1344)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (California) Anatina sp. (215344)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Netherlands (Limburg) Anatina millepunctata (67133)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Anatina jerseyensis (4124 4126 4127 4164)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Alabama) Pteropsella lapidosa (1440 81241 81258) Pteropsella praelapidosa (81238)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Georgia) Pteropsella lapidosa (4868)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Texas) Pteropsella sp. (205496)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Pteropsella lapidosus (205490) Pteropsella lapidosus, Pteropsella sp. (205439)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0USA (Texas) Pteropsella praelapidosa (41436 41439 41441)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Mexico (Tamaulipas) Pteropsis lapidosa (42975 42977 42997 42998 43042 43045)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Pteropsella lapidosa (90469 92267 98355) Pteropsella papyria (90600) Pteropsella sp. (205438)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (South Carolina) Pteropsella lapidosa (92378 99099) Pteropsis lapidosa (92485 92486 92488)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Pteropsella lapidosa (90709 92172)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Louisiana) Pteropsella lapidosa (92272 92275 92350 98769)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Texas) Pteropsella lapidosa (91838 91839) Pteropsella praelapidosa (7437 7438 7439 90656) Pteropsella praelapidosus, Pteropsella sp. (205422 205430) Pteropsella sp. (205414 205456 205480)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Colombia (Sucre) Labiosa sp. (42841)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Panama Raeta gardnerae (42573 92982)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Mexico (Baja California Sur) Raeta gibbosa (43803)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Peru (Tumbes) Labiosa gardnerae, Labiosa gabbi (58999 59001) Labiosa ventricosa (59002)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Ecuador (Guayas) Anatina undulata (61065)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Peru Labiosa undulata (66177 66178)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Colombia (La Guajira) Raeta sp. (160776)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Chile Anatina araucana (78524)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Dominican Republic Raeta sp. (74962)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Ecuador (Guayas) Raeta undulata (96516)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Ecuador (Esmeraldas) Raeta undulata (60751)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Chile Raeta martini (78532)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama Raeta sp. (145524) Raeta undulata (93053 93054)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Venezuela Anatina anatina (130981)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama (Colon) Raeta hasletti (145254) Raeta sp. (79785)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Peru Raeta undulata (96489)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Colombia Labiosa hasletti (88297) Raeta hasletti (96501 131219) Raeta undulata (131220)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Trinidad and Tobago Raeta meridionalis (81976)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Colombia (Atlántico) Labiosa gardnerae (88312)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Venezuela Raeta undulata (96483 96488)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Colombia (Bolívar) Labiosa gibbosa (88316)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Colombia (Atlántico) Labiosa gardnerae (88304 88310)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Venezuela (Sucre) Labiosa plicatella (41550)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Colombia Labiosa gardnerae, Labiosa gibbosa (88298) Labiosa undulata (133223)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Ecuador (Manabi) Labiosa undulata (51886)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Costa Rica Labiosa lineata (134656 134660) Labiosa undulata (66795)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Ecuador Anatina undulata (96598)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Pakistan Raeta grayi (55398 55399 55400)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Virginia) Raeta plicatella (79246)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (North Carolina) Raeta plicatella (58894 58895 79343)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Colombia (La Guajira) Raeta sp. (136994)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (Florida) Raeta canaliculata (79331) Raeta plicata (61309) Raeta plicatella (79787)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Costa Rica Labiosa undulata (66777)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (North Carolina) Raeta plicatella (58897) Raeta sp. (80033)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Ecuador (Manabi) Raeta undulata (48664 48665)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Raeta plicatella (80083)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Pakistan Raeta grayi (55401 55402)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (New Jersey) Labiosa plicatella (66621)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Japan Raeta pulchella (96946 96947 96967 96968 97028)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Ecuador Labiosa undulata (97639)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Florida) Labiosa anatina (67069) Raeta plicata (61310)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (California) Raeta undulata (222663)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Raeta plicata (61311) Raeta plicatella (96538)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Uruguay Anatina anatina (195933)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Raeta plicatella (57703 57704)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Mexico (Sonora) Raeta sp. (34933) Raeta undulata (44963)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Labiosa plicatella (66756) Labiosa plicatella, Labiosa lineata (66760) Raeta plicatella (79705 79707)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (North Carolina) Labiosa plicatella (66742) Raeta plicatella (69045)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Anatina undulata (160361 219030)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Panama (Panama) Raeta undulata (160395)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Louisiana) Raeta plicata (41936) Raeta plicatella (41935 41940 92774 92775 92776)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Mississippi) Raeta plicatella (92524)