PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Trachycardiinae

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae

Taxonomy

Trachycardiinae was named by Stewart (1930) [m. kosnik taxon no: 9220].

It was assigned to Cardiidae by Olsson (1967), da Silva Forti (1969), Iqbal (1973), Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Dockery (1982), Moore (2003), Bouchet et al. (2010).

Subtaxa

Acrosterigma, Dallocardia, Trachycardium (syn. Cardium (Granocardium))

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1930	Trachycardiinae Stewart
1967	Trachycardiinae Olsson p. 10
1969	Trachycardiinae da Silva Forti p. 81
1973	Trachycardiinae Iqbal p. 18
1980	Trachycardiinae Vokes p. 127
1982	Trachycardiinae Dockery p. 70
1982	Trachycardiinae Woodring p. 636
2003	Trachycardiinae Moore
2010	Trachycardiinae Bouchet et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia
—	Eubivalvia
subclass	Autobranchia	(Groblen 1894)
infraclass	Heteroconchia	(Gray 1854)
—	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822

Rank	Name	Author
—	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardiidia	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardiata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Cardiiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Cardiida	Ferussac 1822
suborder	Cardiidina	Ferussac 1822
—	Cardioidei	Ferussac 1822
superfamily	Cardioidea	(Lamarck 1809)
family	Cardiidae	Lamarck 1809
subfamily	Trachycardiinae	Stewart 1930
subfamily	Trachycardiinae	Stewart 1930

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Trachycardiinae Stewart 1930

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G. Acrosterigma Dall 1900

Subg. †Acrosterigma (Ovicardium)

Subg. Acrosterigma (Vasticardium) Iredale 1927

Acrosterigma (Vasticardium) arenicola Reeve 1845

Vasticardium angulatum Lamarck 1819

Vasticardium assimile Reeve 1844

Vasticardium elongatum Bruguière 1789

Vasticardium enode Sowerby II 1840

Vasticardium fidele Vidal 1992

Vasticardium hyllebergi Thach 2014

†Vasticardium kenyanum Cox 1930

Vasticardium neokenyanum Hylleberg 2015

Vasticardium orbita Reeve 1845

Vasticardium papuanum Vidal 1996

Vasticardium pectiniforme Born 1780

Invalid names: Cardium rugosum Lamarck 1819 [synonym]

Vasticardium philipinense Hedley 1899

†Vasticardium pulicarium Reeve 1845

Vasticardium rubicundum Reeve 1844

Vasticardium sewelli Prashad 1932

Vasticardium somnueki Hylleberg 2015

Vasticardium subrugosum Sowerby 1839

Vasticardium terpoorteni Hylleberg 2015

Vasticardium vertebratum Jonas 1844

Acrosterigma abrolhense Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma amirante Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma attenuatum Sowerby 1841

Acrosterigma burchardi Dunker 1882

Acrosterigma capicorne Vidal and Kirkendale 2007

†Acrosterigma cygnorum Deshayes 1855

†Acrosterigma dalli Heilprin 1887

Acrosterigma dianthinum Melvill and Standen 1899

Acrosterigma discus Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma hobbsae Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma kerslakae Healy and Lamprell 1992

†Acrosterigma linguatigris Maury 1917

Acrosterigma maculosum Wood 1815

†Acrosterigma maculosum howense Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma magnum Born 1778

Acrosterigma mauritianum Deshayes 1855

†Acrosterigma paulayi Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma pristipleura Dall 1900

Acrosterigma profundum Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma punctolineatum Healy and Lamprell 1992

†Acrosterigma reeveanum Dunker 1852

Acrosterigma simplex Spenger 1799

Acrosterigma sorenseni Powell 1958

Acrosterigma suluanum Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma transcendens Melvill and Standen 1899

†Acrosterigma unicolor Sowerby 1834

Acrosterigma uniornatum Vidal 1999

Acrosterigma variegatum Sowerby 1841

G. Dallocardia Stewart 1930

Dallocardia quadragenarium Conrad 1837

Dallocardia senticosum Sowerby 1833

†Dallocardia vaquerosense Arnold 1908

†Dallocardia woodringi Loel and Corey 1932

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) baiterum Woodring 1982

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) bowdenense Dall 1900

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) dominicense Gabb 1873

Invalid names: Cardium (Trachycardium) gatunense Toula 1901 [synonym]

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) dominicense hadratatum Woodring 1982

Trachycardium (Dallocardia) muricatum Linnaeus 1758

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) phlyctaena Dall 1900

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) puebloense Anderson 1929

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium fernandoensis Arnold 1907

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) sagaseri Adegoke 1969

†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) tintinnabularum Maury 1917

G. Trachycardium Mörch 1853

†Cardium (Trachycardium) greenhoughi d'Archiac and Haime 1853

†Cardium (Trachycardium) mamillatum Furon 1948

†Cardium (Trachycardium) minbuense Noetling 1901

†Cardium (Trachycardium) ochilleanum Stephenson 1956

†Cardium (Trachycardium) polycolpatum Cossmann and Peyrot 1911

†Cardium (Trachycardium) protosubrugosum Noetling 1901

†Cardium (Trachycardium) riachuelense Maury 1936

†Cardium (Trachycardium) sindiense Vredenburg 1928

†Pleuriocardia (Dochmocardia) eufaulensis huntanum Stephenson 1941

Subg. Trachycardium (Mexicardia) Stewart 1930

Mexicardia procera Sowerby 1833

Invalid names: Cardium panamense Sowerby I 1833 [synonym]

†Trachycardium (Mexicardia) dominicanum Dall 1900

†Trachycardium (Mexicardia) dominicanum costaricanum Olsson 1922

Subg. Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) Stewart 1930

Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) belcheri Broderip and Sowerby 1829

†Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) cestum Dall 1903

†Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) leonense Mansfield 1932

†Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) lingualeonis Guppy 1866

†Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) stiriatum Brown and Pilsbry 1911

Invalid names: Trachycardium durum Brown and Pilsbry 1913 [synonym]

Subg. Trachycardium (Regozara)

†Trachycardium (Regozara) delectabile Maxwell 1978

Subg. Trachycardium (Trachycardium) Mörch 1853

†Trachycardium (Trachycardium) arcumbona Wiedey 1928

†Trachycardium (Trachycardium) brantlyi Weisbord 1929

Trachycardium (Trachycardium) consors Sowerby I 1833

Trachycardium (Trachycardium) isocardia Linnaeus 1758

†Trachycardium (Trachycardium) pessoae Maury 1924

†Trachycardium (Trachycardium) schencki Wiedey 1928

†Trachycardium cotteri Cox 1931

Trachycardium egmontianum Shuttleworth 1856

†Trachycardium enode Sowerby 1841

†Trachycardium eufaulensis Conrad 1860

†Trachycardium eversum Conrad 1848

†Trachycardium halaense d'Archaic and Haime 1854

Trachycardium isocardia Linnaeus 1758

†Trachycardium kinsmarae Makiyama 1934

Trachycardium lacunosum Reeve 1845

†Trachycardium mollyni Vokes 1982

†Trachycardium multiradiatum Sowerby 1846

†Trachycardium planicostata Dockery 1982

†Trachycardium puelchum Sowerby 1846

†Trachycardium reynoldsi Rennie 1929

†Trachycardium rugosum Lamarck 1819

†Trachycardium syriacum Conrad 1852

†Trachycardium thalassium Maury 1924

Invalid names: Cardium (Granocardium) Gabb 1869 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitec

Locomotion:

facultatively mobilef

Life habit:

infaunalf

Diet:

suspension feederf

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2009-07-04 09:31:14

Modified:

2009-08-17 22:21:59

Source: f = family, c = class

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Todd 2001

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Albian to the top of the Holocene or 110.10000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 106.3 Ma

Collections (971 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	USA (Kansas)	Trachycardium kansasense (1981 1985 1986 1992 1993 1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2005 2007 2010 2011 2012 2016 2017 2018 2026 2032 2033 2035 2036 2037 2040 2042 2047 2049 2050 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056)
Middle Albian	110.1 - 106.3	Brazil (Sergipe)	Cardium riachuelense (87867)
Late/Upper Albian	106.3 - 100.5	Angola	Trachycardium syriacum (210730 210731 210733)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	USA (Texas)	Pleurocardia tinninense (6594 6637 6645)
Late/Upper Cretaceous	100.5 - 66.0	USA (Texas)	Trachycardium sp. (225659)
Middle Santonian	85.7 - 83.6	Angola	Trachycardium reynoldsi (210904)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	South Africa	Trachycardium sp. (82728)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	USA (North Carolina)	Cardium eufaulense (87677 190550 190551 190553 190554 190555 190579) Trachycardium carolinensis, Trachycardium longstreeti (7610) Trachycardium longstreeti (7611) Trachycardium longstreeti, Trachycardium vaughani (7619 7622)
Early/Lower Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	USA (Delaware)	Pleurocardia longstreeti (6136 6137 6138 6139)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	USA (New Jersey)	Cardium multiradiatum (48725)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	USA (Mississippi)	Trachycardium carolinensis, Trachycardium sp. (6660)
Late/Upper Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	USA (Delaware)	Pleuriocardia eufaulensis (6171)
Late/Upper Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	USA (Texas)	Pleurocardia sp. (7510 7512)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	USA (New Jersey)	Trachycardium tenuistriatum (3870 3877 3883)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian	83.6 - 66.0	USA (New Jersey)	Trachycardium longstreeti (57916)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Mississippi)	Trachycardium eufaulensis (4100 4101 4103 4104 4105 4107 4108 4109 4110 4111 4112 4113 4114 4115 4116 4118)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Georgia)	Trachycardium eufaulensis (4265 4266 4267 4268 4269 4277 4278 4279 4281 4282 4292 4293 4295 4296 4297 4298 4299 4304 4334 4336 4337) Trachycardium sp. (4280 4289 4291 4302 4311 4313 4314 4317 4319 4335 4339) Trachycardium sp., Trachycardium eufaulensis (4301 4303)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Alabama)	Trachycardium eufaulensis (4241 4242 4248 4261 4262 4264 4270 4271 4273 4274 4275 4276 4286 4329 4330) Trachycardium sp. (4240 4243 4250 4253 4254 4255 4256 4260 4263 4322) Trachycardium sp., Trachycardium eufaulensis (4239 4247)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Mexico (Coahuila)	Trachycardium sp. (219745)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (South Carolina)	Trachycardium eufaulensis (4342 4343 4344 4349 4350 4351) Trachycardium sp. (4346 4357 4359 4362)