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Astrea
Discussion
Huang et al. resurrected this genus ignoring the problem of homonymy.
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Taxonomy
Astrea was named by Lamarck (1801) [the genus Astrea Lamarck represents a junior homonym of Astrea Brown,1789 and even Bolten, 1798, and is therefore invalid]. It is extant. Its type is Cryptocoenia alveolata. It was considered monophyletic by Huang et al. (2014).
It was assigned to Merulinidae by Huang et al. (2014).
It was assigned to Merulinidae by Huang et al. (2014).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1801 | Astrea Lamarck p. 371 |
| 2014 | Astrea Huang et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Astrea Lamarck 1801
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Astrea annuligera Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849
Astrea curta Dana 1846
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Invalid names: Orbicella quadrangularis Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849 [synonym]
†Astrea helianthella M'Coy 1848
†Astrea limbata Muenster 1829
†Astrea rosacea Goldfuss 1826
Astrea rotulosa Ellis and Solander 1786
†Astrea sanctimihieli Michelin 1844
†Astrea venusta Münster 1841
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| D. Huang et al. 2014 | Colonial, with extracalicular budding; no intracalicular budding. Corallites monomorphic and discrete (one to three centres); monticules absent. Coenosteum costate, moderate amount (< corallite diameter). Calice width medium (4–15 mm), with medium relief (3–6 mm).
Costosepta not confluent. Septa in three cycles (24–36 septa). Free septa present, may be regular or irregular. Septa spaced six to 11 septa per 5 mm. Costosepta unequal in relative thickness. Columellae trabecular and spongy (> three threads), < 1/4 of calice width. Paliform (uniaxial) lobes well developed. Epitheca well developed and endotheca low−moderate (tabular). Tooth base at midcalice circular. Tooth tip at midcalice irregular; tip orientation perpendicular to septum. Tooth height low to medium (≤ 0.6 mm) and tooth spacing medium (0.3–1 mm), with > six teeth per septum. Granules scattered on septal face; irregular in shape. Interarea palisade. Walls formed by dominant paratheca and partial septotheca; abortive septa weak. Thickening deposits fibrous. Costa centre clusters weak; 0.3–0.6 mm between clusters; medial lines weak. Septum centre clusters weak; 0.3–0.5 mm between clusters; medial lines weak. Transverse crosses absent. Columella centres clustered. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Kiessling 2008 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Julian to the top of the Holocene or 237.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 233.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 233.6 Ma
Collections (71 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Julian | Italy | A. venusta (137429) | |
| Aquitanian | France | Montastrea curta (163837) | |
| Aquitanian - Burdigalian | USA Minor Outlying Islands | Plesiastrea curta (22976) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | New Zealand (Dannevirke) | A. heliotropium (35639) | |
| Burdigalian | Fiji | Montastrea curta (124829) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Belgium | A. belgica (114830) | |
| Langhian | Italy | A. taurospeciosa (178116) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Indonesia | Orbicella curta (108813) | |
| Pliocene | Indonesia | Montastrea curta (108772 108774 108775) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | A. sp. (237392) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | Indonesia (Paupa) | Montastrea curta (62798) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Taiwan | Orbicella curta (63140) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Indonesia (East Nusa Tenggara) | Orbicella annuligera (109651) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Japan | Montastrea curta (34877 34879) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | New Zealand (Kermadec Islands) | Montastrea curta (85086 85088 85089 85090 85092 85098 85100) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Japan | Montastrea annuligera (87989) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Indonesia (South Sulawesi) | Montastrea curta (124789 124790) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene | Japan | Montastrea curta (87998) | |
| Pleistocene | Saudi Arabia (Jazan) | A. sp. (234198) | |
| Pleistocene | New Caledonia | Heliastrea curta (90065) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Japan (Okinawa) | Orbicella curta (63135) | |
| Calabrian | New Zealand (Kermadec Islands) | Montastrea curta (85087) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Papua New Guinea | Plesiastrea curta (127129) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Pitcairn | Montastrea curta (85104 85106) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Vanuatu | Plesiastrea curta (89164 89165) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Japan | Montastrea annuligera (88044) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Egypt | Montastrea curta (120205) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | India | Montastrea annuligera (165868) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | New Caledonia | Heliastrea curta (90044 90051 90052) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Papua New Guinea | Montastrea annuligera (34476 103254 103260 103263 103268) Montastrea curta (103253 103256 103261 103265) Montastrea curta, Montastrea annuligera (103251 103255) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (Queensland) | Montastrea curta (80803) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan (Okinawa) | Montastrea curta (62788) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Eritrea | Orbicella annuligera (93827) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan | Montastrea curta (88595) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | French Polynesia | Montastrea curta (104933 104934) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Vanuatu | Montastrea curta (97441) | |
| Holocene | Guam | Montastrea curta (97444 97445) | |
| Holocene | Japan | Montastrea curta (96956 97293 97294 165206 165209) | |
| Holocene | Egypt (Red Sea) | A. curta (234289) | |
| Holocene | French Polynesia | Montastrea annuligera (97463 97464) |