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Heterocyathus

Anthozoa - Scleractinia - Caryophylliidae

Taxonomy
Heterocyathus was named by Milne-Edwards and Haime (1848) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 796]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Caryophylliidae by Veron (2000); and to Scleractinia by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1848Heterocyathus Milne-Edwards and Haime
1851Stephanoseris Milne-Edwards and Haime
2000Heterocyathus Veron p. 412
2002Bracytrochus Sepkoski
2002Heterocyathus Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
phylumCnidariaHatschek 1888
classAnthozoaEhrenberg 1834
—Hexacorallia()
orderScleractiniaBourne 1900
RankNameAuthor
suborderCaryophylliina(Vaughan and Wells 1943)
superfamilyCaryophylliicaeGray 1847
familyCaryophylliidaeGray 1847
genusHeterocyathusMilne-Edwards and Haime 1848

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Heterocyathus Milne-Edwards and Haime 1848
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Heterocyathus aequicostatus Milne-Edwards and Haime 1848
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Invalid names: Heterocyathus elongatus Hu 1987 [synonym]
†Heterocyathus elberti Felix 1913
Heterocyathus mai Cheng 1971
†Heterocyathus priscus Stolarski et al. 2001
Invalid names: Brachytrochus Duncan 1876 [synonym], Stephanoseris Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Grouping: solitaryf
Clonal: yesf
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Attached: yesf
Life habit: low-level epifaunalg
Diet: microcarnivoreg
Vision: blindc
Reproduction: alternatingo
Asexual: yeso
Dispersal: watero
Dispersal 2: planktonico
Comments: ECOSPACE CODE: 331.g
Created: 2009-10-10 08:28:32
Modified: 2009-10-10 10:28:32
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Albian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 109.00000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 105.3 Ma

Collections (40 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3France (Champagne-Ardenne) H. priscus (85311)
Santonian - Campanian86.3 - 72.1Antarctica H. filkorni (234579)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Indonesia H. parasiticus (71058) H. rembangensis (71056)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia (Borneo) H. sp., H. parasiticus (42283)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia H. aequicostatus (92584)
Late/Upper Miocene - Pliocene11.608 - 2.588Indonesia H. rousseaui (109446)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Japan (Shizuoka) H. aequicostatus, H. japonicus (92644)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Indonesia H. rousseaui (108772)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Taiwan H. aequicostatus, H. japonicus (92627 92628)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Indonesia (East Nusa Tenggara) Stephanoseris carthausi (109670)
Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene5.333 - 0.781Taiwan H. elongatus (89259)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Philippines H. aequicostatus (92586)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Indonesia (Aceh) H. elberti (63110 63111) H. rousseaui (63108 63109) Stephanoseris carthausi (63113 63130)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Indonesia H. aequicostatus (45334 45337 45339 92583) H. elberti (109668)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Fiji H. sulcatus, H. aequicostatus (94832)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Indonesia H. aequicostatus (42739)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Taiwan H. aequicostatus, H. mai (123203)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Japan (Chiba) H. aequicostatus (92647) H. aequicostatus, H. japonicus (92649 92682 92683)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Indonesia (Talaud) H. aequicostatus (42738)
Ionian0.774 - 0.129Vanuatu H. aequicostatus (84452 84453)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Kenya H. sp. (81098 81100)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Japan H. aequicostatus (92589) H. japonicus (89417)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117India (Kerala) H. aequicostatus (107971)