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Plateosauria
Taxonomy
Plateosauria was named by Tornier (1913). It is not extant.
It was reranked as the infraorder Plateosauria by Colbert (1964), Colbert (1970), Haubold (1974); it was synonymized subjectively with Prosauropoda by Kuhn (1966), Steel (1970); it was reranked as the unranked clade Plateosauria by Galton and Upchurch (2004), Galton et al. (2005), Upchurch et al. (2007), Smith and Pol (2007), Martínez (2009), Yates (2010), Apaldetti et al. (2011), Novas et al. (2011), Langer et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Dinosauria by Tornier (1913); to Palaeopoda by Colbert (1964), Colbert (1970), Haubold (1974); to Saurischia by Zhao (1983); to Prosauropoda by Upchurch et al. (2007); to Prosauropoda by Sereno (1997), Sereno (1998), Sereno (1999), Galton (2001), Galton and Upchurch (2004), Galton et al. (2005), Martínez (2009); to Sauropodomorpha by Smith and Pol (2007), Yates (2010), Apaldetti et al. (2011), Novas et al. (2011); and to Bagualosauria by Langer et al. (2019).
It was reranked as the infraorder Plateosauria by Colbert (1964), Colbert (1970), Haubold (1974); it was synonymized subjectively with Prosauropoda by Kuhn (1966), Steel (1970); it was reranked as the unranked clade Plateosauria by Galton and Upchurch (2004), Galton et al. (2005), Upchurch et al. (2007), Smith and Pol (2007), Martínez (2009), Yates (2010), Apaldetti et al. (2011), Novas et al. (2011), Langer et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Dinosauria by Tornier (1913); to Palaeopoda by Colbert (1964), Colbert (1970), Haubold (1974); to Saurischia by Zhao (1983); to Prosauropoda by Upchurch et al. (2007); to Prosauropoda by Sereno (1997), Sereno (1998), Sereno (1999), Galton (2001), Galton and Upchurch (2004), Galton et al. (2005), Martínez (2009); to Sauropodomorpha by Smith and Pol (2007), Yates (2010), Apaldetti et al. (2011), Novas et al. (2011); and to Bagualosauria by Langer et al. (2019).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1913 | Plateosauria Tornier |
| 1964 | Plateosauria Colbert p. 20 fig. 6 |
| 1970 | Plateosauria Colbert p. 27 |
| 1974 | Plateosauria Haubold p. 41 |
| 1983 | Plateosauria Zhao p. 296 |
| 1997 | Plateosauria Sereno p. 444 |
| 1998 | Plateosauria Sereno p. 63 |
| 1999 | Plateosauria Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2 |
| 2001 | Plateosauria Galton p. 490 |
| 2004 | Plateosauria Galton and Upchurch p. 249 fig. 12.11 |
| 2005 | Plateosauria Galton et al. p. 30 |
| 2007 | Plateosauria Smith and Pol p. 668 fig. 7 |
| 2007 | Plateosauria Upchurch et al. p. 62 fig. 3 |
| 2009 | Plateosauria Martínez p. 162 fig. 22 |
| 2010 | Plateosauria Yates p. 750 |
| 2011 | Plateosauria Apaldetti et al. p. 16 fig. 13 |
| 2011 | Plateosauria Novas et al. p. 341 fig. 4 |
| 2019 | Plateosauria Langer et al. p. 56–57 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. †Plateosauria Tornier 1913
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Unr. †Anchisauria Galton and Upchurch 2004
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Unr. †Prosauropoda Huene 1920 [prosauropod]
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Fm. †Anchisauridae Marsh 1885 [anchisaurid]
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G. †Ammosaurus Marsh 1891
Invalid names: Amphisauridae Marsh 1882 [synonym], Gryponichidae Huene 1932 [synonym], Palaeosauridae Huene 1932 [synonym]
Fm. †Otozoidae Lull 1904
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G. †Evazoum Nicosia and Loi 2003
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†Evazoum gatewayensis Lockley and Lucas 2013
†Evazoum sirigui Nicosia and Loi 2003
G. †Kalosauropus Ellenberger 1970
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†Kalosauropus masitisii Ellenberger 1970
†Kalosauropus pollex Ellenberger 1970
G. †Otozoum Hitchcock 1847
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†Otozoum caudatum Hitchcock 1871
†Otozoum grandcombensis Gand et al. 2000
†Otozoum minus Lull 1915
†Otozoum moodii Hitchcock 1847
G. †Pseudotetrasauropus Ellenberger 1965
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†Pseudotetrasauropus andusiensis Ellenberger 1965
†Pseudotetrasauropus bipedoida Ellenberger 1970
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Invalid names: Pseudotetrasauropus augustus Ellenberger 1970 [synonym]
†Pseudotetrasauropus corbesiensis Ellenberger 1965
†Pseudotetrasauropus jaquesi Ellenberger 1970
Invalid names: Pseudotetrasauropus lehmani Ellenberger 1965 [nomen nudum], Pseudotetrasauropus mekalingensis Ellenberger 1970 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Aetonyx Broom 1911 [nomen dubium], Aetonyx palustris Broom 1911 [nomen dubium], Agrosaurus Seeley 1891 [nomen dubium], Aristosaurus Van Hoepen 1920 [nomen dubium], Aristosaurus erectus Van Hoepen 1920 [nomen dubium], Dimodosaurus Pidancet and Chopard 1862 [nomen dubium], Dromicosaurus Van Hoepen 1920 [nomen dubium], Dromicosaurus gracilis Van Hoepen 1920 [nomen dubium], Euskelesauridae Ellenberger 1970 [empty], Euskelosaurus africanus Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Fulengia Carroll and Galton 1977 [nomen dubium], Gigantoscelus Van Hoepen 1916 [nomen dubium], Gresslyosaurus Rütimeyer 1856 [nomen dubium], Gryponyx Broom 1911 [nomen dubium], Gryponyx africanus Broom 1911 [nomen dubium], Gryponyx taylori Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Gryponyx transvaalensis Broom 1912 [nomen dubium], Gyposaurus capensis Broom 1911 [nomen dubium], Hortalotarsus Seeley 1894 [nomen dubium], Hortalotarsus skirtopodus Seeley 1892 [nomen dubium], Leptospondylus Owen 1854 [nomen dubium], Massospondylus browni Seeley 1892 [nomen dubium], Massospondylus harriesi Broom 1911 [nomen dubium], Massospondylus schwarzi Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Mussauridae Bonaparte and Vince 1979 [empty], Orinosaurus Lydekker 1889 [nomen dubium], Orinosaurus capensis Lydekker 1889 [nomen dubium], Pachysauriscus Kuhn 1959 [nomen dubium], Pachysaurops Huene 1959 [nomen dubium], Pachysaurus Huene 1905 [nomen dubium], Pachyspondylus Owen 1854 [nomen dubium], Plateosauravidae Huene 1929 [empty], Plateosaurus stormbergensis Broom 1915 [nomen dubium], Pseudotetrasauropus acutunguis Ellenberger 1970 [nomen dubium], Pseudotetrasauropus curtus Ellenberger 1972 [nomen dubium], Pseudotetrasauropus elegans Ellenberger 1970 [nomen dubium], Pseudotetrasauropus francisci Ellenberger 1970 [nomen dubium], Tawasaurus Young 1982 [nomen dubium], Teratosaurus trossingensis Huene 1908 [nomen dubium], Thecodontosaurus dubius Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Thecodontosaurus minor Haughton 1918 [nomen dubium], Yunnanosauridae Young 1942 [empty], Zanclodon bavaricus Sandberger 1894 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Melanorosauridae Huene 1929 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Peczkis 1995 | |||||
Age range: base of the Middle Triassic to the top of the Pliensbachian or 246.70000 to 184.20000 Ma
Collections (152 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Middle Triassic | Argentina (Mendoza) | Tetrasauropus sp. (59670) | |
| Middle Triassic | South Africa (Free State) | Rotodactylopus archaeus (206547) | |
| Carnian | Italy (Liguria) | Evazoum sirigui (68780) | |
| Carnian | Lesotho (Mohale's Hoek) | Pseudotetrasauropus mekalingensis (206555) | |
| Carnian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Prosauropoda indet. (107286) | |
| Carnian - Norian | Italy (Veneto) | Prosauropoda indet. (68885) | |
| Carnian - Norian | Lesotho | Otozoum sp. (202704) Senqutrisauropus priscus (84061) | |
| Late/Upper Triassic | United Kingdom (Wales) | Otozoum sp. (74806) | |
| Late/Upper Triassic | USA (Utah) | Evazoum sp. (229983) Pseudotetrasauropus sp. (219952) Tetrasauropus sp., Pseudotetrasauropus sp. (32300) | |
| Tuvalian | Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige) | Evazoum sp. (89860) | |
| Tuvalian - Lacian | Italy (Veneto) | Prosauropoda indet. (68833) | |
| Lacian | USA (New Mexico) | Barrancapus cresapi (83958) | |
| Norian | France (Rhône-Alpes) | Thecodontosaurus sp. (70425) | |
| Norian | Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) | Prosauropoda indet. (99815) | |
| Norian | France (Gard) | Prosauropoda indet. (59290) | |
| Norian | France | Reptilia indet. (117821) | |
| Norian | USA (New Mexico) | Pentasauropus sp. (46560) Prosauropoda indet. (55248) Pseudotetrasauropus sp. (83959 83960 84023) Pseudotetrasauropus sp., Evazoum sirigui (52168) | |
| Norian | Switzerland (Graubunden) | Prosauropoda indet. (69623) | |
| Norian | Germany (Bayern) | Otozoum sp. (139482) | |
| Norian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Otozoum minus (55414) | |
| Norian | USA (Texas) | Prosauropoda indet. (48424) | |
| Norian | Italy (Pordenone) | Prosauropoda indet. (55365 55367 69526) | |
| Norian | Australia (Queensland) | Eubrontes sp. (142852) | |
| Norian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Euskelosaurus africanus (36735) | |
| Norian | France (Jura) | Dimodosaurus poligniensis (25836 48640 48641) Gresslyosaurus sp. (48643) | |
| Norian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Belodon sp. (48691) Gresslyosaurus robustus (48692) Pachysaurus ajax (48693) | |
| Norian | France (Franche-Comté) | Plateosaurus poligniensis (142750) | |
| Norian | United Kingdom (Wales) | Pseudotetrasauropus sp. (57949) Tetrasauropus sp., Pseudotetrasauropus sp. (222914) | |
| Norian | Lesotho (Mohale's Hoek) | Otozoum sp. (56030) Pseudotetrasauropus curtus (206548) | |
| Norian | France (Occitanie) | Otozoum grandcombensis (194070) | |
| Norian | USA (Arizona) | Barrancapus sp. (84187) Prosauropoda indet. (62206) | |
| Norian | USA (Colorado) | Prosauropoda indet., Pseudotetrasauropus sp. (55259) | |
| Norian | Lesotho (Maseru) | Otozoum sp., Pseudotetrasauropus augustus, Pseudotetrasauropus acutunguis, Tetrasauropus jaquesi (56029) Tetrasauropus unguiferus, Pseudotetrasauropus elegans (149751) | |
| Norian | Argentina (La Rioja) | Prosauropoda indet. (85568) Strenusaurus procerus (52032) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | Slovenia (Gorizia) | Prosauropoda indet. (166211) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | Thailand (Loei) | Prosauropoda indet. (107182) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Orosaurus sp. (36610) Plateosaurus stormbergensis (36739) | |
| Alaunian | Greenland | Evazoum sp. (27008) Prosauropoda indet. (27006) | |
| Alaunian - Sevatian | Switzerland (Graubünden) | Prosauropoda indet. (220114 220115) | |
| Sevatian | Switzerland (Basel-Landschaft) | Dinosaurus gresslyi (47802) | |
| Rhaetian | United Kingdom (England) | Agrosaurus macgillivrayi, Plateosauria indet. (51970) | |
| Rhaetian | Belgium (Gaume) | Prosauropoda indet. (68882 139198 139199 139202) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Plateosauridae indet. (22684) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Bayern) | Belodon sp. (48684) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Gresslyosaurus robustus, Pachysaurus giganteus, Pachysaurus wetzelianus (22682) Gresslyosaurus sp. (131422) Pachysaurus magnus (48687) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Champagne-Ardennes) | Zanclodon sp. (139922) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Burgundy) | Actiosaurus gaudryi (144758) | |
| Rhaetian | USA (Utah) | Pseudotetrasauropus sp. (57063 57064) | |
| Rhaetian - Hettangian | South Africa (Free State) | Massospondylus sp. (220075) | |
| Rhaetian - Hettangian | USA (Utah) | Evazoum sp. (57066) | |
| Rhaetian - Early/Lower Jurassic | China (Sichuan) | Plateosauridae indet. (49781) | |
| Early/Lower Hettangian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Ammosaurus sp. (74208 74212 74215) Otozoum sp. (138976 138977 146189) | |
| Early/Lower Hettangian - Middle Hettangian | Poland (Swietokrzyskie) | Otozoum pollex (56965) | |
| Hettangian | China (Yunnan) | Gyposaurus sinensis (49501 49503) Prosauropoda indet. (173377) Yimenosaurus youngi (56155) | |
| Hettangian | USA (Colorado) | Otozoum sp. (193011) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Lesotho (Mohale's Hoek) | Melanorosauridae indet. (149710) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Zimbabwe (Matabeleland North) | Gryponyx sp., Massospondylus harriesi (57185) Massospondylus harriesi (48392 50824 57184 80188) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Zimbabwe (Matabeleland South) | Gryponyx africanus (24755) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Lesotho (Quthing) | Kalosauropus masitisii (84063) Pseudotetrasauropus francisci (56003) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | South Africa (Limpopo) | Gigantoscelus molengraaffi (36734) Gryponyx transvaalensis (107181) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Anchisauridae indet. (149713) Massospondylus browni (36687) Reptilia indet. (69614) Thecodontosaurus minor (36701) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | USA (Massachusetts) | Otozoum minus (52985) Otozoum moodii (52994 52995 52998) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | USA (Connecticut) | Homo sapiens (47200) Otozoum moodii (91574) Prosauropoda indet. (47197) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | South Africa (Free State) | Dromicosaurus gracilis (36740) Gryponyx africanus, Massospondylus harriesi, Aetonyx palustris (36737) Gryponyx taylori (36736) Leptospondylus sp., Leptospondylus capensis, Pachyspondylus sp., Pachyspondylus orpenii (36741) Massospondylus browni (36672) Thecodontosaurus skirtopodus (36686) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Lesotho (Mafeteng) | Melanorosauridae indet. (149709) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | Morocco (Ouarzazate) | Otozoum sp., Prosauropoda indet. (206252) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | Namibia (Otjozondupa) | Otozoum moodii (214425) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | China (Guizhou) | Anchisaurus sinensis (49780) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | South Africa (Northern Cape) | Massospondylus harriesi (59215) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | Namibia (Otjozondjupa) | Prosauropoda indet. (143491) | |
| Sinemurian | China (Yunnan) | Gyposaurus sinensis (47081 49773 66926 78993) Gyposaurus sinensis, Yunnanosaurus huangi (72091) Prosauropoda indet. (137353) Saurischia indet. (49776) Tawasaurus minor (49778) | |
| Sinemurian | South Africa (Free State) | Aristosaurus erectus (36851) | |
| Late/Upper Sinemurian - Early/Lower Pliensbachian | Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige) | Prosauropoda indet. (88592) | |
| Pliensbachian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Hortalotarsus skirtopodus (36753) | |
| Pliensbachian | Lesotho (Leribe) | Kalosauropus pollex (56001) | |
| Pliensbachian | South Africa (Free State) | Hortalotarsus skirtopodus (36751) | |
| Pliensbachian | Lesotho | Anchisauridae indet. (84075 149714) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | USA (Arizona/Utah) | Otozoum sp. (60455) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | USA (Idaho) | Otozoum sp. (195189) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | USA (Arizona) | Ammosaurus major (47191) Prosauropoda indet. (38887) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | USA (Utah) | Otozoum sp. (184683 195176 195177 195178 201625 222902 222907) |