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Taxonomy
Megacerini was named by Viret (1961). It is not extant.
It was assigned to Cervinae by McKenna and Bell (1997), Vislobokova (2009), Vislobokova (2013).
It was assigned to Cervinae by McKenna and Bell (1997), Vislobokova (2009), Vislobokova (2013).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1961 | Megacerini Viret p. 1018 |
| 1997 | Megacerini McKenna and Bell |
| 2009 | Megacerini Vislobokova p. 398 |
| 2013 | Megacerini Vislobokova p. 887 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Tr. †Megacerini Viret 1961
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G. †Candiacervus Kuss 1975
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†Candiacervus cretensis Simonelli 1907
†Candiacervus devosi van der Geer 2018
†Candiacervus dorothensis Capasso Barbato 1992
†Candiacervus listeri van der Geer 2018
†Candiacervus major Capasso Barbato and Petronio 1986
†Candiacervus rethymnensis Kuss 1975
†Candiacervus reumeri van der Geer 2018
†Candiacervus ropalophorus de Vos 1979
G. †Orchonoceros Vislobokova 1979
G. †Sinomegaceros Chow et al. 1965
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| I. A. Vislobokova 2009 | Generally medium- and large-sized. Praeorbital pits small; ethmoidal fissure small or absent; pedicles short, divergent; antlers with flattened, often palmate distal part; brow tine absent or present, being sometimes flattened and palmate; upper canines absent. The mandible is thickened (pachyg- nathous). Palaeomeryx fold in lower molars absent. Robust metacarpals. Plesiometacarpal. | |
| I. A. Vislobokova 2013 | Mostly large and mediumsized. Skull relatively wide and low. Greatest skull width at level of posterior orbital border (except for Candiacer
vus). Bend of skull axis between facial and cranial region usually weak. Postantler skull region long or moderately long. Braincase relatively low, widened posteriorly, its crest flattened and usually concave in parietal region; occiput line almost straight in dorsal view. Width of supraoccipital on skull roof almost twice greater than length. Jugular processes of early forms short and wide. Facial skull region not longer, or slightly longer than cranial region. Basioccipital strongly thickened, its ventral surface slightly concave or flat, with thick muscular tubercles. Skull base with bend between basioccipital and basisphenoid; base of alisphenoid raised posteriorly; ventral surface of basisphenoid and aboral part of alisphenoid forming well-pronounced shelf. Tympanic bullae not projecting below ventral surface of basioccipital. Orbits positioned lowly. Nasofrontal region anterior to orbits flattened. Preorbital fossae ranging from mediumsized to small, deepened, with almost horizontal upper surface. Nasolachrymal fissures widely spaced, small, sometimes strongly reduced. Nasals widened and flattened in posterior onethird. Nasal cavity usually wide and low. Frontals, occipital, lachrymals, zygomatics, temporals, basisphenoid, mastoid part of petrosal, mandible, and sometimes vomer thickened. Pachyostosis of skull and mandible ranging from weak to strong. Bony aperture of nasals sometimes completely divided by bony septum. Vomer projecting beyond choanal border, but incompletely dividing choanae; in late forms, its aboral end sometimes reaching basisphenoid. Incisure between anterior ends of intermaxillae not narrowed anteriorly. Diastema of mandible relatively short or moderately long. Pedicles short, massive, diverging. Antlers with flattened, frequently palmate upper (terminal) part curved upwards; palmation variously developed and variously turned in different genera. First (brow) tine of antlers not flattened or flattened, positioned at varying distance from burr. Posterior tine usually present. Surface of antlers longitudinally grooved, with variously developed longitudinal ridges. Incisors with asymmetrical crowns having laterally extended external corners; first incisors much wider than others. Upper canines absent. Upper tooth rows diverging posteriorly. Upper premolars with groove on internal side, with deepest groove observed in P2. Molars teeth ranging from lowcrowned (in primitive forms) to highcrowned (in advanced forms). M2 usually larger than M3. Posterior part of crowns of upper molars distinctly longer than anterior part. P4 molariform to varying extent. Lower molars without Palaeomeryx fold. Limbs plesiometacarpal. Metapodials massive, with widened distal epiphyses. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991 | |||||
Collections (38 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pliocene | Tajikistan | Sinomegaceros tadzhikistanica (34444) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | Tajikistan (Zulfi) | Sinomegaceros sp. (34434) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | Spain (Granada) | Cervidae indet. (40986) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Mongolia | Megacerini indet. (71060) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Russian Federation (Western Transbaikalia) | Megacerini indet. (40266) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Crete) | Cervus major, Cervus rethymnensis (94325) | |
| Pleistocene | Greece (Crete) | Candiacervus cretensis, Candiacervus rethymnensis, Candiacervus ropalophorus, Candiacervus devosi, Candiacervus listeri (192442) Candiacervus rethymnensis, Candiacervus listeri (204040) Candiacervus reumeri, Cervus cretensis (204180) Candiacervus ropalophorus, Candiacervus reumeri, Megaceros cretensis (204189) Candiacervus sp., Candiacervus cretensis, Candiacervus rethymnensis, Candiacervus ropalophorus (192443) Candiacervus sp., Candiacervus rethymnensis, Candiacervus ropalophorus (182811) Candiacervus sp., Cervus dorothensis, Megaceros cretensis (183122) Cervus cretensis (204179 204191) | |
| Pleistocene | Japan (Akita) | Sinomegaceros sp. (102049) | |
| Pleistocene | Tajikistan | Sinomegaceros sp. (34104) | |
| Pleistocene | Greece | Candiacervus sp. (195487) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Japan (Aomori) | Sinomegaceros yabei (101897) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Spain (Granada) | Megacerini indet. (34464) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Crete) | Candiacervus cretensis (92902) Candiacervus devosi (192953) Candiacervus devosi, Candiacervus listeri, Candiacervus reumeri (192948 192951 204036) Candiacervus devosi, Candiacervus reumeri (192954) Candiacervus listeri (195229) Candiacervus rethymnensis, Candiacervus listeri (192965) Candiacervus rethymnensis, Candiacervus reumeri (183124) Candiacervus ropalophorus (204038 204039) Candiacervus ropalophorus, Candiacervus listeri, Candiacervus reumeri (202327) Candiacervus sp. (204037 204294) Candiacervus sp., Candiacervus ropalophorus, Candiacervus listeri (182810) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan (Aomori) | Sinomegaceros yabei (101898 101899) | |
| Holocene | Greece (Crete) | Candiacervus rethymnensis, Candiacervus ropalophorus, Candiacervus listeri (192961) |