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Syringothyrididae

Rhynchonellata - Spiriferinida - Syringothyrididae

Taxonomy
Syringothyrididae was named by Fredericks (1926). Its type is Syringothyris.

It was assigned to Spiriferida by Archbold (1997); and to Syringothyridoidea by Williams et al. (2006).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1926Syringothyrididae Fredericks
1997Syringothyrididae Archbold p. 218
2006Syringothyrididae Williams et al. p. 1897

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderSpiriferinidaIvanova 1972
suborderSpiriferinidinaIvanova 1972
superfamilySyringothyridoideaFrederiks 1926
familySyringothyrididaeFredericks 1926
familySyringothyrididaeFredericks 1926

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Syringothyrididae Fredericks 1926
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Subfm. †Permasyrinxinae Waterhouse 1986
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G. †Asyrinxia
G. †Cundaria Archbold 1996
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†Cundaria aquilaformis Archbold 1996
G. †Cyrtella Fredericks 1924
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†Cyrtella allandalensis Armstrong 1970
†Cyrtella berriedalensis Waterhouse 1987
†Cyrtella campbelli Armstrong 1970
†Cyrtella erecta Waterhouse 1987
†Cyrtella furcata Waterhouse 1987
†Cyrtella granulata Armstrong 1970
†Cyrtella koopi Archbold 1990
†Cyrtella kulikiana Fredericks 1916
†Cyrtella nagmargensis Bion 1928
†Cyrtella nobilis Armstrong 1970
†Cyrtella rhombica Chen 2004
†Cyrtella subparallela Waterhouse 1987
†Cyrtella ulladullensis Armstrong 1970
Invalid names: Asyrinx [synonym], Punctocyrtella Plodowski 1968 [synonym]
G. †Kungaella Solomina 1988
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†Kungaella inopinata Solomina 1970
G. †Kyutepia Klets 1998
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†Kyutepia alata Klets 1998
G. †Myodelthyrium Thomas 1985
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†Myodelthyrium dickinsi Thomas 1971
G. †Pachycyrtella Angiolini 2001
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†Pachycyrtella omanensis Angiolini 2001
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†Permasyrinx procera Armstrong 1970
†Permasyrinx prolonga Waterhouse 1987
†Permasyrinx subelongata Waterhouse 1987
†Permasyrinx transversa Armstrong 1970
G. †Petinospiriferina Shen and Clapham 2009
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G. †Primorewia Licharew and Kotlyar 1978
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†Primorewia reshetnikov Licharew and Kotlyar 1978
G. †Pseudosyringothyris Fredericks 1916
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†Pseudosyringothyris karpinskii Fredericks 1916
†Pseudosyringothyris russiensis Zavodowsky 1968
†Pseudosyringothyris ustritskyi Kalashnikov 1981
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†Pseudosyrinx procera Armstrong 1970
†Pseudosyrinx sinuosa Thomas 1971
G. †Subansiria Sahni and Srivastava 1956
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†Subansiria brevis Armstrong 1970
†Subansiria pelicanensis Armstrong 1970
†Subansiria ranganensis Sahni and Srivastava 1956
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†Sulcicosta costata Waterhouse 1987
†Sulcicosta dolosus Waterhouse 1987
†Sulcicosta plicata Armstrong 1970
G. †Syrella Archbold 1996
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†Syrella elongata Armstrong 1970
†Syrella occidenta Archbold 1996
†Syrella plodowskii Waterhouse 1978
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†Verkhotomia plenoides Sokolskaja 1963
†Verkhotomia stepanovi Zavodowsky 1968
†Verkhotomia tukulaensis Kashirtsev 1959
†Verkhotomia verkhotomica Sokolskaja 1963
G. †Woolagia Archbold 1997
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†Woolagia playfordi Archbold 1997
Subfm. †Septosyringothyridinae Termier and Termier 1974
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Subfm. †Syringothyridinae Fredericks 1926
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†Syringothyris afghanica Plodowski 1968
†Syringothyris arctica Whitfield 1908
†Syringothyris curzoni Diener 1903
†Syringothyris cuspidata Martin 1796
†Syringothyris lydekkeri Diener 1899
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: low-level epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2018-11-10 18:08:52
Modified: 2018-11-10 18:08:52
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Ludlow to the top of the Changhsingian or 426.70000 to 251.90200 Ma

Collections (565 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ludlow - Pridoli426.7 - 419.62Ukraine Syringothyris multifaria (23427)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5China Syringothyris hannibalensis (162317)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86USA (Montana) Syringothyris sp. (7203 7217 7218 7223 7226 7235 7245 7302 7306)
Middle Famennian368.5 - 365.2USA (Montana) Syringothyris typus (6977 6979 6985)
Middle Famennian368.5 - 365.2Canada (Alberta) Syringothyris sp. (35542)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86USA (Montana) Syringothyris hannibalensis (642 643 7115 7116 7118 7124 7125 7156 7159) Syringothyris sp. (3433 3434)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86USA (Missouri) Syringothyris hannibalensis (6019 6020 6021 6029 6033 6041 6048 6049 6054 6055 6057 6058) Syringothyris hannibalensis, Syringothyris newarkensis (6026) Syringothyris newarkensis (6022)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86France Syringothyris sp. (38641)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Canada (Alberta) Syringothyris hannibalensis (35545)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86USA (Ohio) Syringothyris bedfordensis (3438 3439 3442 3443 3444 3445 3446 3447 3448 3451 3452 3454 3456 3457)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Australia (Queensland) Cyrtella nobilis (120324) Pseudosyrinx procera (83278) Subansiria campbelli (101571)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Australia (New South Wales) Subansiria procera (101564) Subansiria sp. (101556)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28China (Nei Mongol) Pseudosyringothyris sp., Syringothyris sp. A, Syringothyris sp. B (112667) Syringothyris sp. A (112648)
Wordian - Capitanian266.9 - 259.51Australia (Queensland) Punctocyrtella nobilis (104742)
Capitanian264.28 - 259.51New Zealand (Southland) Syringothyridinae indet. A (41777)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14Greece Petinospiriferina subtriangularis (64171)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14Australia (Queensland) Cyrtella nobilis (98097 98098 98100 98102 120330 120331 120333 120334 120336 120340 120535 120536 120539 120660 120667) Cyrtella sp., Subansiria nobilis (101569) Cyrtella subparallela (120379) Cyrtella ulladullensis (120326 120656) Pseudosyrinx sp. (97269) Punctocyrtella nobilis (104740 104768) Subansiria brevis (83219) Subansiria brevis, Subansiria nobilis, Subansiria campbelli (101573) Subansiria campbelli (101570) Subansiria nobilis (101559 101568) Subansiria pelicanensis (101560) Subansiria sp. (103145) Syringothyrididae indet. (103393)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14China (Xizang) Syringothyrididae indet. (52246)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14Australia (Tasmania) Pseudosyrinx sp. (51314)
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902Nepal Permasyrinx sp. (62444 62445 62446 62447 120414) Punctocyrtella plodowskii (43166 43177 43182 43186 43190 43197 43199 43216 43262 43263 43270) Syringothyrididae indet. (43168) Syringothyris lydekkeri (120452) Syringothyris sp. (43259 43261)