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Fragum

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae

Taxonomy
Fragum was named by Ršding (1798) [Sepkoski's age data: T Ol-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 158]. It is extant.

It was reranked as Cardium (Fragum) by Glenn (1904).

It was assigned to Cardium by Glenn (1904); to Cardiidae by Lamprell and Whitehead (1992); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Fraginae by Vokes (1980) and Bouchet et al. (2010).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1798Fragum Ršding
1904Cardium (Fragum) Glenn p. 322
1980Fragum Vokes p. 128
1992Fragum Lamprell and Whitehead p. 66
2002Fragum Sepkoski
2010Fragum Bouchet et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CardioniFerussac 1822
RankNameAuthor
—CardiidiaFerussac 1822
—CardiataFerussac 1822
superorderCardiiformiiFerussac 1822
orderCardiidaFerussac 1822
suborderCardiidinaFerussac 1822
—CardioideiFerussac 1822
superfamilyCardioidea(Lamarck 1809)
familyCardiidaeLamarck 1809
—Neocardiids
—EucardiidsSchneider 1995
subfamilyFraginaeStewart 1930
genusFragumRšding 1798

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Fragum Ršding 1798
show all | hide all
Fragum erugatum Tate 1889
†Fragum fragum Linnaeus 1758
Fragum grasi Ter Poorten 2009
†Fragum hemicardium Linnaeus 1758
Fragum mundum Reeve 1845
†Fragum nivale Reeve 1845
†Fragum retusum Linnaeus 1767
Fragum scruposum Deshayes 1855
Fragum sueziensis Issel 1869
†Fragum unedo Linnaeus 1758
Fragum vanuatuense Ter Poorten 2015
Fragum whitleyi Iredale 1929
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Life habit: infaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: IS, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-09-09 07:19:56
Modified: 2009-09-09 09:19:56
Source: g = genus, c = class
References: Todd 2001, Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Coniacian to the top of the Holocene or 89.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 86.3 Ma

Collections (57 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Gabon F. perobliquum, F. subperobliquum (3819)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Nigeria F. perobliquum, F. subperobliquum (3811)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Congo-Kinshasa F. subperobliquum, F. perobliquum (3822)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0Oman F. sp. (151653)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Oman F. sp. (151618)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Nigeria F. sp. (46260)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Nigeria F. newtoni (77257)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Jamaica F. sp. (60966)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France (Essonne) F. stampinense (9193 9266 9267 9268 9269)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Brazil (Maranhao) F. proavitum (112598)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97India F. thetregyinense (72083)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Brazil (Para) Cardium estacianum (60980) Cardium proavitum (60979) F. proavitum (65162 112582)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Northern Mariana Islands Cardium javanum (43368 43371)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Florida) Cardium apateticum (42482 42605 42642 42657 42663 42678) Cardium sellardsi (42225 42367)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Florida) Cardium apateticum (42886) F. apateticum (111204)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Japan (Ryukyu) F. alfuricum (41599)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Japan (Okinawa) Cardium unedo (96696)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Indonesia (East Java) F. alfurieum (96670)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774South Africa F. nivale (173265)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Nauru F. fragum (209723)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Australia (Western Australia) F. carinatum, F. erugatum (63354)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Seychelles F. fragum (80964 81009 81013)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Saudi Arabia F. fragum (107972)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Japan (Ryukyu) Cardium sp. (41605)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117French Polynesia F. fragum (194003)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Kenya F. subretusum, F. fragum (81099)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Australia (Western Australia) F. carinatum, F. erugatum (63355) F. carinatum, F. hemicardium, F. unedo, F. erugatum (63351) F. carinatum, F. unedo (63317 63319 63320) F. erugatum (63207 63208 63209 63211) F. unedo (63318 63321)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Australia (Western Australia) F. erugatum (63358 63359)