PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Larinae

Osteichthyes - Charadriiformes - Laridae

Taxonomy

Larinae was named by Bonaparte (1831). It is extant. Its type is Larus.

It was assigned to Laridae by Coues (1862), Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956), Chandler (1990), Boev (2000), Livezey and Zusi (2007), del Hoyo et al. (2014).

Subtaxa

Lareae, Xemeae

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1831	Larinae Bonaparte
1862	Larinae Coues p. 292
1930	Larinae Hay p. 340
1940	Larinae Wetmore p. 60
1956	Larinae Wetmore p. 76
1990	Larinae Chandler p. 132
2000	Larinae Boev p. 26
2007	Larinae Livezey and Zusi p. 92
2014	Larinae del Hoyo et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda

Rank	Name	Author
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Saurischia	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
—	Paraves
class	Aves
order	Charadriiformes	Huxley 1867
suborder	Lari	Sharpe 1891
infraorder	Larides
superfamily	Laroidea	Stejneger 1885
family	Laridae	Vigors 1825
subfamily	Larinae	Bonaparte 1831
subfamily	Larinae	Bonaparte 1831

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Larinae Bonaparte 1831

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Tr. Lareae Rafinesque 1815

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G. Blasipus Bonaparte

Invalid names: Xemeae Leach 1819 [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yeso

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2017-04-17 10:41:05

Modified:

2017-04-17 10:41:05

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

References: Marsh 1875, Benton 1983, Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Messinian to the top of the Holocene or 7.24600 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 5.333 Ma

Collections (4 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Bulgaria	Larinae indet. (215636)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Japan (Aomori)	Larinae indet. A (210642) Larinae indet. B (101898)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Greenland	Larinae indet. (226353)