| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Falconinae
Taxonomy
Falconinae was named by Vigors (1824). It is extant. Its type is Falco.
It was assigned to Falconidae by Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956), Becker (1987), Livezey and Zusi (2007) and del Hoyo et al. (2014).
It was assigned to Falconidae by Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956), Becker (1987), Livezey and Zusi (2007) and del Hoyo et al. (2014).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1824 | Falconinae Vigors |
| 1930 | Falconinae Hay p. 321 |
| 1940 | Falconinae Wetmore p. 40 |
| 1956 | Falconinae Wetmore p. 49 |
| 1987 | Falconinae Becker p. 273 |
| 2007 | Falconinae Livezey and Zusi p. 93 |
| 2014 | Falconinae del Hoyo et al. |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. Falconinae Vigors 1824
show all | hide all
G. Falco Linnaeus 1758 [falcon]
+
Subg. †Falco (Cerchneis) Boie 1826
Subg. Falco (Rhynchodon) Nitzsch 1829
Falco alopex Heuglin 1861 [Fox kestrel]
Falco altaicus Menzbier 1891 [Altai falcon]
Falco amurensis Radde 1863 [Amur falcon]
Falco ardosiaceus Vieillot 1823 [Grey kestrel]
†Falco bakalovi Boev 1999
Falco berigora Vigors and Horsfield 1827 [Brown falcon]
Falco biarmicus Temminck 1825 [Lanner falcon]
Falco cenchroides Vigors and Horsfield 1827 [Australian kestrel]
Falco cherrug Gray 1834 [Saker falcon]
Falco columbarius Linnaeus 1758 [merlin]
Falco concolor Temminck 1825 [Sooty falcon]
Falco cuvierii Smith 1830 [African hobby]
Falco deiroleucus Temminck 1825 [Orange-breasted falcon]
†Falco duboisi Cowles 1994 [Réunion kestrel]
Falco eleonorae Gené 1839 [Eleonora's falcon]
†Falco falconellus Shufeldt 1915
Falco fasciinucha Reichenow and Neumann 1895 [Taita falcon]
Falco femoralis Temminck 1822 [Aplomado falcon]
Falco fuscocaerulescens Vieillot 1817
Falco hypoleucos Gould 1841 [Grey falcon]
Falco jugger Gray 1834 [Laggar falcon]
Falco longipennis Swainson 1837 [Australian hobby]
†Falco medius Umans'ka 1981
Falco melanaetus Linnaeus 1758
Falco mexicanus Schlegel 1850 [Prairie falcon]
Falco naumanni Fleischer 1818 [Lesser kestrel]
Falco newtoni Gurney 1863 [Madagascar kestrel]
Falco novaeseelandiae Gmelin 1788 [New Zealand falcon]
†Falco oregonus Howard 1946
Falco peregrinus Tunstall 1771 [Peregrine falcon]
Falco punctatus Temminck 1821 [Mauritius kestrel]
†Falco readi Brodkorb 1959
Falco rufigularis Daudin 1800 [Bat falcon]
Falco rupicoloides Smith 1829 [Greater kestrel]
Falco rusticolus Linnaeus 1758 [gyrfalcon]
Falco severus Horsfield 1821 [Oriental hobby]
Falco sparverius Linnaeus 1758 [American kestrel]
Falco subbuteo Linnaeus 1758 [Eurasian hobby]
Falco subniger Gray 1843 [Black falcon]
Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus 1758 [Common kestrel]
Falco vespertinus Linnaeus 1766 [Red-footed falcon]
Invalid names: Tinnunculus Vieillot 1807 [synonym]
G. Spiziapteryx Kaup 1852 [spot-winged falconet]
Invalid names: Falconini del Hoyo et al. 2014 [empty], Polyborini del Hoyo et al. 2014 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
| Source: f = family, o = order | |||||
| References: Marsh 1875, Naka 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bridgerian to the top of the Holocene or 50.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 46.2 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 46.2 Ma
Collections (128 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Falco falconella (16210) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Nebraska) | Pediohierax ramenta (18001) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | Pediohierax ramenta (17880 17905 17976) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Ukraine | Falco medius (39816) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (California) | Falco sp. (57909) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Idaho) | Falco sp. (19085) | |
| Villanyian | Hungary (Barany) | Falco sp. (35368) | |
| Gelasian | USA (Florida) | Falco sparverius, Falco columbarius (20384) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Spain (Mallorca) | Falco sp. (214536) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Hungary (Barany) | Falco tinnunculus, Falco vespertinus (35457) | |
| Pleistocene | Greece (Chalkidiki) | Falco tinnunculus (183123) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (California) | Falco sparverius (176098) | |
| Pleistocene | United Kingdom | Falco peregrinus (124960) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Cuba (Matanzas) | Falco femoralis (152870) | |
| Calabrian | Italy | Falco peregrinus (197789) Falco peregrinus, Falco subbuteo (197790) | |
| Calabrian | Spain (Palencia) | Falco sp. (221570) Falco tinnunculus (205228) Falco tinnunculus, Falco rusticolus (213667) | |
| Calabrian | Spain (Castilla-Leon) | Falco naumanni (34870) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Colorado) | Falco sp., Falco sparverius (152653) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Italy (Siracusa) | Falco tinnunculus, Falco columbarius, Falco subbuteo, Falco eleonorae (175900) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Hungary | Falco tinnunculus (35045) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | Falco sparverius (20639) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Monaco | Falco peregrinus, Falco tinnunculus (191730) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (California) | Falco sparverius, Falco mexicanus, Falco columbarius (161536) Falco sparverius, Falco mexicanus, Falco peregrinus, Falco columbarius (152008 192630) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (Florida) | Falco sparverius (20398) Falco sparverius, Falco peregrinus (20491) | |
| Rancholabrean - Holocene | USA (California) | Falco sparverius (84904) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Falco berigora (136157 181314) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (New Mexico) | Falco peregrinus (76059) Falco sparverius (76060) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Portugal | Falco tinnunculus (197768) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Alabama) | Falco sparverius (84181) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Idaho) | Falco peregrinus (20569) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Russian Federation | Falco altaicus (194807) Falco sp. (194811) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | United Kingdom (Wales) | Falco subbuteo (124954) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | Venezuela (Zulia) | Falco sparverius, Falco peregrinus (63515) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Falco oregonus (93251) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Ecuador | Falco peregrinus, Falco femoralis (152599) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Peloponnesus) | Falco vespertinus (184245) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Spain | Falco sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco naumanni, Falco vespertinus, Falco subbuteo (197938) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | East Timor | Falco sp. (204407) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | United Kingdom | Falco columbarius (124956) Falco tinnunculus (93837) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | USA (California) | Falco sparverius, Falco peregrinus (155393) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Falco sparverius (103991) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Florida) | Falco sparverius, Falco peregrinus, Falco columbarius (154722) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Jordan | Falco sp. (197945) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Italy | Falco columbarius, Falco cherrug (194932) Falco sp. (197773 197787) Falco sp. 1, Falco sp., Falco tinnunculus, Falco vespertinus (197769) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Crete) | Falco eleonorae (192957) Falco peregrinus, Falco tinnunculus, Falco eleonorae (192949) Falco peregrinus, Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco eleonorae (92902) Falco tinnunculus (192948 192954 192965) Falco tinnunculus, Falco eleonorae (192955 192959) Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo, Falco eleonorae (192951) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Romania | Falco tinnunculus (197946) Falco vespertinus (197948) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Bahamas (Great Abaco Island) | Falco sparverius (144663) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | New Zealand (South Island) | Falco novaeseelandiae (87814) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | Falco sparverius, Falco peregrinus (20595) Falco sparverius, Falco readi, Falco peregrinus (20573) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Peru | Falco sp., Falco sparverius, Falco peregrinus, Falco femoralis (71346) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Falco sparverius (20638) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Azerbaijan | Falco peregrinus, Falco tinnunculus (193356) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Tennessee) | Falco sparverius (82890) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Wyoming) | Falco sparverius, Falco mexicanus, Falco columbarius, Falco rusticolus (93277) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (New Mexico) | Falco sparverius, Falco mexicanus (93281) Falco sparverius, Falco mexicanus, Falco swarthi (71670) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | France (Corse) | Falco tinnunculus (215363) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Georgia) | Falco sparverius (84190) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Falco peregrinus (176102) Falco sp., Falco sparverius, Falco mexicanus, Falco peregrinus, Falco columbarius (190077) Falco sp., Falco sparverius, Falco mexicanus, Falco peregrinus, Falco columbarius, Falco swarthi (44954) Falco sparverius (74235 123918 125236 215552 218989) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Cayman Islands | Falco columbarius (209852) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Romania | Falco sp. (197949) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Utah) | Falco sp., Falco mexicanus (93326) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Bahamas (New Providence Island) | Falco sparverius (144649 194588) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Russian Federation | Falco columbarius, Falco subbuteo (194812) | |
| Holocene | New Zealand | Falco novaeseelandiae (100554 194619 198088) | |
| Holocene | Mauritius | Falco punctatus (194166) | |
| Holocene | Australia (Victoria) | Falco cenchroides (138410) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Nunavut) | Falco rusticolus (229484) | |
| Holocene | USA (Ohio) | Falco peregrinus (195062) | |
| Holocene | USA (Alaska) | Falco sp. (220460) | |
| Holocene | Peru | Falco sparverius (71328) | |
| Holocene | Madagascar | Falco newtoni (195020 236022) | |
| Holocene | Madagascar (Toliara) | Falco newtoni (92733) | |
| Holocene | New Caledonia | Falco peregrinus (13221) | |
| Holocene | USA (California) | Falco columbarius (194912) Falco mexicanus, Falco peregrinus (194914) Falco peregrinus (194905) Falco peregrinus, Falco columbarius (194926) Falco sp. (194906 194908 194909) Falco sp., Falco peregrinus (194927) Falco sparverius (194913) | |
| Holocene | Reunion | Falco duboisi (193992 193993 193994) | |
| Holocene | France (Corse) | Falco peregrinus, Falco vespertinus, Falco subbuteo (215376) | |
| Holocene | Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | Falco femoralis (194620) | |
| Holocene | New Zealand (South Island) | Falco novaeseelandiae (215392 215418) | |
| Holocene | Australia (South Australia) | Falco cenchroides (194979) | |
| Holocene | Spain | Falco sp., Falco tinnunculus (194379) |