PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Creodonta (creodont)

Mammalia - Creodonta

Taxonomy

Creodonta was named by Cope (1875).

It was reranked as the unranked clade Creodonta by Cope (1889), Cope (1891), Gregory (1910); it was reranked as the order Creodonta by McKenna (1975), Carroll (1988), Gunnell (1998), Lopatin (2006), Spaulding et al. (2009), Bajpai et al. (2009).

It was assigned to Insectivora by Cope (1875); to Bunotheria by Cope (1889), Cope (1891); to Sarcobora by Ameghino (1897); to Ferae by Hay (1902), Gregory (1910); to Carnivora by Flower and Lydekker (1891), Gadow (1898), Lambe (1908), Hay (1930), Pilgrim (1940), Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg (1958), Savage (1965); to Eutheria by Carroll (1988), Gunnell (1998); to Ferae by Lopatin (2006); to Mammalia by Bajpai et al. (2009); and to Ferae by McKenna (1975), Spaulding et al. (2009).

Subtaxa

Altacreodus, Ambloctonidae, Amblyctonidae, Arctocyonoidae, Hyaenodontida, Limnocyonidae, Oxyaenoidae, Uintacyonidae

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1875	Creodonta Cope p. 3
1889	Creodonta Cope p. 876
1891	Creodonta Cope p. 6
1891	Creodonta Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1897	Creodonta Ameghino p. 501
1898	Creodonta Gadow p. 50
1902	Creodonta Hay p. 743
1908	Creodonta Lambe
1910	Creodonta Gregory p. 465
1930	Creodonta Hay p. 458
1940	Creodonta Pilgrim p. 148
1958	Creodonta Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg p. 11
1965	Creodonta Savage p. 243
1975	Creodonta McKenna p. 42
1988	Creodonta Carroll
1998	Creodonta Gunnell
2006	Creodonta Lopatin
2009	Creodonta Bajpai et al. p. 103
2009	Creodonta Spaulding et al. p. 5 figs. Figure 2

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida

Rank	Name	Author
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Ferae	()
order	Creodonta	()
order	Creodonta	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Creodonta Cope 1875 [creodont]

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G. †Altacreodus Fox 2015

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†Altacreodus magnus Clemens and Russell 1965

Invalid names: Ambloctonidae Cope 1877 [empty], Amblyctonidae Cope 1877 [empty], Arctocyonoidae Trouessart 1885 [empty], Hyaenodontida Leidy 1869 [empty], Limnocyonidae [empty], Oxyaenoidae Cope 1877 [empty], Uintacyonidae Hay 1902 [empty]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
R. J. G. Savage 1965	Creodonta with teeth primitive, tritubercular, varying towards sectorial or bunodont. No carnassials or specialised shearing teeth. Premolars mostly simple, acute, an inner cusp on P4 sometimes on P3 and P4 canines large, acute, incisors small. Skull moderately long, brain-case small, sagittal and occipital crestsstrong,occiputnarrowandhigh,tympanicbullanotossified, [afterMatthew 1937]-

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

scansorialsubc

Diet:

insectivoresubc

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-09-06 20:43:42

Modified:

2005-09-06 22:44:32

Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian to the top of the Langhian or 72.20000 to 13.82000 Ma

Collections (50 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Lancian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Wyoming)	Cimolestes magnus (14519 14598)
Lancian	72.2 - 66.0	Canada (Saskatchewan)	Cimolestes magnus (14558)
Lancian	72.2 - 66.0	Canada (Alberta)	Cimolestes magnus (14630 14633 14635 14637)
Lancian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Montana)	Cimolestes magnus (14516 14532)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (North Dakota)	Cimolestes magnus (45144)
Torrejonian	63.8 - 60.9	Canada (Alberta)	Creodonta indet. (14828)
Ti1	60.9 - 56.2	Canada (Alberta)	Creodonta indet. (14939)
Tiffanian	60.9 - 56.2	Canada (Alberta)	Creodonta indet. (14925)
Thanetian	59.24 - 56.0	Morocco (Meknès-Tafilalet)	Creodonta indet. (88301)
Bumbanian	56.0 - 48.07	China (Nei Mongol)	Creodonta indet. (72202)
Early/Lower Eocene	56.0 - 48.07	Portugal (Região Centro)	Creodonta indet. (79200)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	United Kingdom (England)	Creodonta indet. (38868)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Algeria	Creodonta indet. (71984)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	United Kingdom	Creodonta indet. (87950)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.03	Algeria (Bechar region)	Creodonta indet. (77014 77019 77021)
Irdinmanhan	56.0 - 37.71	Mongolia	Creodonta indet. (182485)
Sharamurunian	56.0 - 37.71	Mongolia	Creodonta indet. (182486)
Lostcabinian	54.9 - 50.5	USA (Wyoming)	Creodonta indet. (15917 16073)
Lysitean - Lostcabinian	54.9 - 50.5	USA (Wyoming)	Creodonta indet. (15451)
Wasatchian	54.9 - 50.5	USA (Colorado)	Creodonta indet. (15836) Prototomus viverrinus (15725 15845 15887)
Wasatchian	54.9 - 50.5	USA (New Mexico)	Limnocyon sp., Prototomus sp. (15430)
Wasatchian	54.9 - 50.5	USA (Wyoming)	Creodonta indet. (15886 46717)
Bridgerian	50.5 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	Creodonta indet. (16207)
Middle Eocene	48.07 - 37.71	China (Jiangsu)	Creodonta indet. (37493)
Middle Eocene	48.07 - 37.71	China (Nei Mongol)	Creodonta indet. (28779)
Late/Upper Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (California)	Creodonta indet. (167831)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Spain (Barcelona)	Creodonta indet. (142030)
Bartonian - Late/Upper Eocene	41.03 - 33.9	Libya	Creodonta indet. (55449)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Egypt (Fayum)	Creodonta indet. (60127)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	Kenya	Creodonta indet. (27855)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Egypt	Creodonta indet. (123296)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Kenya (Nyanza)	Creodonta indet. (144511)
Burdigalian - Serravallian	20.45 - 11.63	Pakistan (Baluchistan)	Creodonta indet. (180630)
MN 3	20.0 - 16.9	Uganda	Creodonta indet. (73864)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	Kenya (Nyanza)	Creodonta indet. (21338 21339)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	Kenya	Creodonta indet. (22071 22077)