PBDB Taxon

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Echinalosia

Strophomenata - Productida - Strophalosiidae

Taxonomy

Echinalosia was named by Waterhouse (1967) [Sepkoski's age data: P Leon-m P Djhu Sepkoski's reference number: 46,427]. It is not extant. Its type is Strophalosia indica.

It was assigned to Dasyalosiinae by Williams et al. (2000); to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002); to Strophalosiidae by Shen et al. (2003); to Echinalosiini by Waterhouse (2004); and to Echinalosiinae by Williams et al. (2007).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1967	Echinalosia Waterhouse
2000	Echinalosia Williams et al. p. 571
2002	Echinalosia Sepkoski
2003	Echinalosia Shen et al. p. 67
2004	Echinalosia Waterhouse
2007	Echinalosia Williams et al. p. 2665

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Strophomenata	Williams et al 1996
order	Productida	Sarycheva and Sokolskaya 1959
suborder	Strophalosiidina
superfamily	Strophalosioidea	()
family	Strophalosiidae
subfamily	Echinalosiinae
genus	Echinalosia	Waterhouse 1967

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Echinalosia Waterhouse 1967

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†Echinalosia ardua Waterhouse 1982

†Echinalosia bookeri Briggs 1998

†Echinalosia curtosa Waterhouse 1986

†Echinalosia dejecta Waterhouse 1986

†Echinalosia denisoni Archbold 1987

†Echinalosia discinia Waterhouse 1986

†Echinalosia glabra Briggs 1998

†Echinalosia indica Waagen 1884

†Echinalosia magnispina Waterhouse 1983

†Echinalosia maxwelli Waterhouse 1964

†Echinalosia melvillensis Waterhouse 1983

†Echinalosia minima Maxwell 1954

†Echinalosia nodosa Waagen 1884

†Echinalosia ovalis Maxwell 1954

†Echinalosia perforata Waterhouse and Chen 2007

†Echinalosia preovalis Maxwell 1954

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Invalid names: Echinalosia pristina Maxwell 1954 [synonym]

†Echinalosia prideri Coleman 1957

†Echinalosia rarispina Waagen 1884

†Echinalosia robusta Briggs 1998

†Echinalosia simpsoni Archbold 1996

†Echinalosia telfordi Briggs 1998

†Echinalosia wassi Briggs 1998

†Echinalosia zaga Waterhouse 2004

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

part	N	mean	minimum	maximum	median	s.d.
shell height	38	10.9	4.50	33.0	11.1	6.64
valve height	2	19.4	10.7	35.1	22.9	17.2

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationarysubo

Attached:

yessubo

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalsubo

Diet:

suspension feedersubo

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2018-11-10 17:08:57

Modified:

2018-11-10 17:08:57

Source: subo = suborder, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Williams et al. 2000, Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Artinskian to the top of the Changhsingian or 290.10000 to 252.17000 Ma

Collections (431 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	Australia (Tasmania)	Strophalosia preovalis (120242) Wyndhamia preovalis (105424)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	New Zealand (Southland)	E. ardua (41791) E. prideri (41773 41783) Strophalosia preovalis (41775)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	Indonesia (Irian Jaya)	E. sp. (42907)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	Australia (Western Australia)	E. preovalis (85888) E. prideri (84356 85318 85319 85984) E. simpsoni (66120 85844)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	Australia (Queensland)	E. curtosa (66208 66209 66210 66213 66215 66216 66217 66219 85886 104775) E. preovalis (39937 66234 66235 66236 66238 66239 66240 66241 66242 66243 66244 66248 66249 66250 66251 66252 66253 66254 66255 66256 66257 83274 83275 85034 85037 85038 85047 85855 85856 85859 85860 85872 85882 85916 86006 86009 101577 101583 102656 102863 102918 102924 102929 103090 103093 103094 103095 103097 103181 103190 103204 103322 103323 103324 103326 103328 103329 103349 103356 103372 103373 103374 103375 103376 103379 103381 103382 103383 103394 103396 103397 103398 103399 103400 103428 103443 103485 103491 103493 103545 103879 103880 103881 103901 103986 104732 120347 120637) E. preovalis, E. pristina (103442) E. pristina (103437 103438 103439 103440 103441) E. sp. (102825 102826 102827 102829 102830 102854 102857 102858 102860 102862 102864 102865 102866 102867 102869 102871 102873 102876)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	Australia (New South Wales)	E. curtosa (104780) E. preovalis (85895 85896 85897 96841 103711 104925) Wyndhamia preovalis (102760)
Kungurian	279.3 - 272.3	Australia (Queensland)	E. dejecta (66221 66222 66223 66224) E. preovalis (66233 83271 83272 83273 83276 85857 85861 85863 102928 103226) E. pristina (103433 103434 103435) E. sp. (103104)
Kungurian	279.3 - 272.3	Australia (New South Wales)	E. preovalis (104786)
Kungurian	279.3 - 272.3	New Zealand	Strophalosia maxwelli (52771 52772)
Kungurian	279.3 - 272.3	Australia (Western Australia)	Cleiothyris macleayana (101512)
Roadian	272.3 - 268.8	Australia (Queensland)	E. discinia (66276 66278 66280 66281 66282 85901 104721 104731) E. maxwelli (85913) E. robusta (85889)
Roadian	272.3 - 268.8	Australia (New South Wales)	E. bookeri (103665 104833 104834) E. discinia (85909 103706 103747 103837 103853 103945 104835 104836 104894) E. maxwelli (103660 103661 103663 103693 103705 103782 103835 103838 103852 104791 104792 104829 104852 104853 104854 104891) E. wassi (103751)
Roadian	272.3 - 268.8	New Zealand (Southland)	Strophalosia maxwelli (41781)
Roadian - Wordian	272.3 - 264.28	Myanmar	Strophalosia indica (208999)
Roadian - Wordian	272.3 - 264.28	China (Nei Mongol)	Strophalosia nodosa (111147)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	New Zealand (Nelson)	E. minima (41797)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Pakistan	Strophalosia nodosa (81501 125822 125823 125825 125827 125830 125844 125852 125853 125854 125859 125861 125869 125873 125875 125879)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	New Zealand (Southland)	E. ovalis (41767)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Australia (Queensland)	E. maxwelli (66277 113859 120321 120324 120325 120328 120542 120543 120643 120644 120646 120647) E. minima (103176 123236 123237) E. ovalis, E. minima (102943 103040) E. robusta (83278 85891) E. sp. nov (103107 103108 103109 103110) E. sp. nov. (103111 103112 103113 103114 103115 103117)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Australia (New South Wales)	E. discinia (103667 103699 103700 103701 103702) E. robusta (103666 103668 104837 104838 104839 104840 104841 104842 104922) E. telfordi (104718 104719 104901 104903 104904) E. wassi (104910 131778) Strophalosia ovalis (101537)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Canada (Nunavut)	E. sp. (120470)
Wordian - Capitanian	266.9 - 259.51	Australia (New South Wales)	E. ovalis (107404)
Capitanian	264.28 - 259.51	Pakistan	Strophalosia nodosa (127018)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	China (Xizang)	E. magnispina (60578 60579 60583)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Australia (New South Wales)	E. denisoni (96844 96845) E. wassi (96842 96843 96847)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	USA (Utah)	E. n. sp. A (39561)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	New Zealand (Southland)	E. indica (39923)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	USA (Nevada)	E. n. sp. A (39444 39451 39456 39458)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Pakistan	Strophalosia indica (88933 90253 125909 125928 125963 126002 126011 126264 126267 126271 126275 126279 126280 126281 126293 126302 126342 126463 126691 126881 126893 126939 126983 127004) Strophalosia morrisiana (117776) Strophalosia rarispina (90252 119526 120163 120166 127472)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Australia (Queensland)	E. glabra (83204 83207 102934 102940 103238 103957 131779) E. minima (85054 85055 102922 102935 103020 103023 103035 103036 103168 103169 103171 103393 103903) E. ovalis (83284 85866 85869 85870 85873 85876 86011 86012 98097 98100 102737 102742 102743 102745 102748 102750 102751 102752 102753 103041 103183 103191 103215 103319 103354 103355 103370 103371 103411 103412 103413 103416 103417 103419 103420 103421 103423 103424 103486 103492 103498 103548 103551 103953 103955 103958 103995 104021 104023 104726 104727 104728 104768 104769 104917 104930 120330 120331 120339 120348 120662 132309) Strophalosia clarkei (123251 123252) Strophalosia minima (103874)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Australia (Tasmania)	Wyndhamia ovalis (51314 105432 105435)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	New Zealand	E. sp., E. indica (52896)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	China (Xizang)	E. magnispina (192079)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian	259.9 - 252.17	Pakistan	Strophalosia indica (126707 126760)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	Nepal	E. indica (43188) E. magnispina (120508 120515 120520 120522) E. perforata (62441 62442 62443 62444 62447 120411 120414 120415) Multispinula indica (120443)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	Pakistan	Strophalosia rarispina (119729)