PBDB Collection

Bladen County Landfill Annex [Tar Heel Fm.] (Cretaceous to of the United States)

Also known as BCLA, Elizabethtown

Where: Bladen County, North Carolina (34.6° N, 78.6° W: paleocoordinates 35.0° N, 50.3° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Tar Heel Formation (Black Creek Group), Early/Lower Campanian to Early/Lower Campanian (83.5 - 70.6 Ma)

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deltaic; micaceous, gray, blue, argillaceous, carbonaceous sandstone

• The vertebrate fossils at these localities are from a lag deposit located at the top of the Tar Heel Formation. The Tar Heel Formation consists of deltaic facies in this part of North Carolina

• "a laminated, micaceous, blue-gray clayey sand with carbonized impressions of plants"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected in 1996–1998

Collection methods: bulk, quarrying, surface (in situ),

Primary reference: J. G. Carter, P. E. Gallagher, R. E. Valone, T. J. Rossbach, P. G. Gensel, W. H. Wheeler, and D. Whitman. 1988. Fossil collecting in North Carolina. Department of Natural Resources and Community Development, Division of Land Resources, Geological Survey Section Bulletin 89:1-89 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 128412: authorized by Roger Benson, entered by Roger Benson on 08.06.2012, edited by Matthew Carrano and Patricia Holroyd

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Gnathostomata
-	Chondrichthyes indet.³ Chondrichthyes indet.³ Huxley 1880 cartilaginous fish
Chondrichthyes
Hybodontiformes - Lonchidiidae	Lonchidion selachos² Lonchidion selachos² Estes 1964 elasmobranch "Author’s collection; tooth."
Hybodontiformes - Hybodontidae	Hybodus sp.² Hybodus sp.² Agassiz 1834 elasmobranch "Author’s collection; lower lateral tooth lacking root; basal platform of cephalic hook lacking enameled hook; fragmentary dorsal fin spine."
Selachii -	Selachii indet. Selachii indet. shark
Squatiniformes - Squatinidae	Squatina hassei² Squatina hassei² Leriche 1929 angel shark "Author’s collection; tooth and vertebra."
Orectolobiformes - Ginglymostomatidae	"Ginglymostoma globidens" = Plicatoscyllium globidens² "Ginglymostoma globidens" = Plicatoscyllium globidens² Cappetta and Case 1975 nurse shark "Author’s collection; tooth."
Orectolobiformes - Orectolobidae	Cretorectolobus sp.² Cretorectolobus sp.² Case 1978 wobbegong
Lamniformes - Odontaspididae	Odontaspididae indet.² Odontaspididae indet.² Müller and Henle 1839 sand tiger shark
Lamniformes - Otodontidae	Cretolamna sp.², "Cretolamna appendiculata" = Cretalamna appendiculata² Cretolamna sp.² Glikman 1958 mackerel shark "Cretolamna appendiculata" = Cretalamna appendiculata² Agassiz 1835 mackerel shark Cretolamna appendiculata lata; "Author’s collection; tooth."
Lamniformes - Mitsukurinidae	Scapanorhynchus texanus² Scapanorhynchus texanus² Roemer 1852 goblin shark "Author’s collection; teeth."
Lamniformes - Anacoracidae	Squalicorax pristodontis², Squalicorax kaupi² Squalicorax pristodontis² crow shark "Author’s collection; tooth." Squalicorax kaupi² Agassiz 1843 crow shark "Author’s collection; teeth."
Carcharhiniformes - Triakidae	Galeorhinus sp.² Galeorhinus sp.² de Blainville and Prévost 1816 school shark
Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae	Dasyatis sp.² Dasyatis sp.² Rafinesque 1810 whiptail stingray "Author’s collection; tooth."
Myliobatiformes - Rhombodontidae	Rhombodus binkhorsti² Rhombodus binkhorsti² Dames 1881 stingray "Author’s collection; isolated pavement tooth."
Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae	Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis² Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis² Romer 1942 eagle ray "Author’s collection; isolated mouth plate."
Rajiformes -	Rhinobatoidei indet.², Protoplatyrhina sp.² Rhinobatoidei indet.² Fowler 1941 guitarfish Protoplatyrhina sp.² Case 1978 guitarfish
Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae	Rhinobatos casieri² Rhinobatos casieri² Herman 1977 guitarfish
Rajiformes -	Pseudohypolophus sp.² Pseudohypolophus sp.² Cappetta and Case 1975 guitarfish
Rajiformes - Rajidae	Rajidae indet.² Rajidae indet.² Blainville 1816 skate
Rajiformes - Sclerorhynchidae	Borodinopristis schwimmeri², Borodinopristis shannoni n. sp.¹, Ischyrhiza sp.², Ischyrhiza mira², Ischyrhiza avonicola², Onchopristis sp.², Schizorhiza sp.² Borodinopristis schwimmeri² Case 1987 ray "Author’s collection; fragmented rostral tooth." Borodinopristis shannoni n. sp.¹ Case et al. 2012 ray specimens may be from Tar Heel and/or Bladen formations Ischyrhiza sp.² Leidy 1856 ray oral tooth Ischyrhiza mira² Leidy 1856 ray "Author’s collection; rostral and oral teeth." Ischyrhiza avonicola² Estes 1964 ray "Author’s collection; rostral tooth." Onchopristis sp.² Stromer 1917 ray rostral Schizorhiza sp.² Weiler 1930 ray
Rajiformes - Ptychotrygonidae	Ptychotrygon sp.², Ptychotrygon triangularis² Ptychotrygon sp.² Jaekel 1894 ray Ptychotrygon triangularis² Reuss 1845 ray "Author’s collection; oral teeth."
Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae	? Pristis sp.², Anoxypristis sp.² ? Pristis sp.² Linck 1790 sawfish tooth Anoxypristis sp.² White and Moy-Thomas 1941 sawfish rostral
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes -	Osteichthyes indet.³ Osteichthyes indet.³ Huxley 1880 bony fish vertebrae, scales
Amphibia
Temnospondyli - Albanerpetontidae	Albanerpetontidae indet.⁵ Albanerpetontidae indet.⁵ Fox and Naylor 1982 tetrapod
Reptilia
-	Reptilia indet. Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768 reptile vertebra
Testudines - Trionychidae	Trionyx sp.² Trionyx sp.² Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809 softshell turtle
Testudines - Bothremydidae	Chedighaii sp.⁴, Bothremydina indet.⁴, Bothremys sp.⁴ Chedighaii sp.⁴ Gaffney et al. 2006 sideneck turtle NCSM 23681, partial R maxilla and jugal Bothremydina indet.⁴ Gaffney et al. 2006 sideneck turtle NCSM 14577, 19721 14598, all quadrates Bothremys sp.⁴ Leidy 1865 sideneck turtle NCSM 14499, L mandible
Squamata -	Coniophis sp.² Coniophis sp.² Marsh 1892 snake
Squamata - Mosasauridae	Tylosaurus sp.² Tylosaurus sp.² Marsh 1872 mosasaur "Author’s collection; isolated tooth and cervical vertebra."
Dinosauria -	Dinosauria indet.² Dinosauria indet.² Owen 1842 dinosaur teeth
Ornithischia -	Ornithopoda indet.² Ornithopoda indet.² Marsh 1881 ornithopod teeth
Ornithischia - Hadrosauridae	Hadrosauridae indet.², Hypsibema crassicauda² Hadrosauridae indet.² Cope 1869 hadrosaurid "Author’s collection; isolated teeth. Private collection: dentary battery, thoracic and caudal vertebra, and ungual." Hypsibema crassicauda² Cope 1869 hadrosaurid
Theropoda -	Theropoda indet.² Theropoda indet.² Marsh 1881 theropod
Theropoda - Ornithomimidae	Ornithomimus sp.² Ornithomimus sp.² Marsh 1890 ornithomimid "Private collections; pedal phalanx and fragmentary manual ungual."
Theropoda - Tyrannosauridae	Tyrannosauridae indet.² Tyrannosauridae indet.² Osborn 1906 tyrannosaurid "Author’s collection; isolated teeth."
Theropoda - Dromaeosauridae	Dromaeosauridae indet.² Dromaeosauridae indet.² Colbert and Russell 1969 maniraptoran "Author’s collection; isolated tooth."
Loricata -	Borealosuchus sp.² Borealosuchus sp.² Brochu 1997 crocodilian Isolated tooth, mandible fragment.
Crocodylia -	Crocodylia indet.², Deinosuchus rugosus² Crocodylia indet.² Owen 1842 crocodilian Deinosuchus rugosus² Emmons 1858 crocodilian Isolated teeth, vertebra and osteoderm.
Plesiosauria - Elasmosauridae	Elasmosauridae indet.² Elasmosauridae indet.² Cope 1869 elasmosaur Isolated vertebra.
Mammalia
Multituberculata - Cimolomyidae	Cimolomys sp.⁶ Cimolomys sp.⁶ Marsh 1889 multituberculate
Actinopteri
Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae	Lepisosteus sp.² Lepisosteus sp.² Agassiz 1843 gar "Author’s collection; scale."
Pachycormiformes - Pachycormidae	Protosphyraena sp.² Protosphyraena sp.² Leidy 1857 tooth
Elopiformes - Phyllodontidae	Paralbula casei² Paralbula casei² Estes 1969 "Author’s collection; crushing teeth."
Albuliformes - Albulidae	Albula sp.² Albula sp.² Gronow 1763 bonefish "Author’s collection; crushing teeth."
Acanthopterygii -	Cylindracanthus sp.² Cylindracanthus sp.² Leidy 1856 spine
Aulopiformes - Enchodontidae	Enchodus cf. petrosus² Enchodus cf. petrosus² Cope 1874 "Author’s collection; isolated palatine fang."
Ichthyodectiformes - Ichthyodectidae	Xiphactinus vetus² Xiphactinus vetus² Leidy 1856 "Author’s collection; isolated tooth."
Pycnodontiformes - Pycnodontidae	Anomoeodus phaseolus², Hadrodus priscus² Anomoeodus phaseolus² Hay 1899 "Author’s collection; fragmentary splenial jaw section with two splenial crusher teeth, isolated mandibular tooth and anterior vomerine tooth cap." Hadrodus priscus² Leidy 1857 "Author’s collection; isolated vomer crushing teeth and pharyngeal teeth."

¹Case et al. 2012; ²Crane 2011; ³Crane et al. 2011; ⁴Gaffney et al. 2009; ⁵Gardner and DeMar 2013; ⁶Grandstaff et al. 2000