Makapansgat - general (Pliocene of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 1164, Makapansgat - general,

Where: South Africa (24.2° S, 29.0° E: paleocoordinates 24.3° S, 28.6° E)

When: Makapansgat Formation, Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 2.6 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: "Fauna/paleomag data sugg age=~3.0 Ma,w/range=3.32-2.6 Ma"

Environment/lithology: cave; breccia

• ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: depos in quiet pools
• ETE rock type adj: ., ETE lithology comments: breccia of slty/cly/sndy loam

Collection methods: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 933, ; ETE museum list:

Primary reference: P. M. Butler and M. Greenwood. 1976. Elephant Shrews (Macroscelididae) from Olduvai and Makapansgat. Fossil Vertebrates of Africa 4:1-50 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 22340: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 23.08.1999, edited by John Damuth

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Chrysotricha hamiltoni, Peloroceras helmei, Griquatherium cingulatum
Mammalia
 Carnivora - Felidae
"Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis, "Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal, "aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal, "Felis serval" = Caracal serval, cf. Leptailurus spelaeus, Acinonyx jubatus, aff. Felis cafra, Felis libyca, Machairodus darti, Megantereon gracile, Therailurus barlowi
"Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis Croizet and Jobert 1828 lynx
ETE occurrence; species: mak - species name from unique name
"Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal
"aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Caracal caracal
"Felis serval" = Caracal serval Schreber 1776 serval
Acinonyx jubatus Schreber 1775 cheetah
aff. Felis cafra cat
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Felis cafra
Felis libyca Forster 1780 African wildcat
 Carnivora - Herpestidae
Cynictis penicillata
Cynictis penicillata Cuvier 1829 yellow mongoose
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: brachyodon
 Carnivora - Canidae
"Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta, "cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas, Vulpes sp.
"Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta Sundevall 1847 side-striped jackal
"cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 black-backed jackal
ETE occurrence; species: pappos
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox
 Tribosphenida - Antilopidae
Strepsiceros cf. angasi
 Tribosphenida - Sivatheridae
Libytherium cf. olduvaiense
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
"Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi, "Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus, "cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus
"Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi Dale 1948 pig
"Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
"cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
 Artiodactyla - Giraffidae
Giraffa camelopardalis
Giraffa camelopardalis Linnaeus 1758 giraffe
originally entered as "Giraffa cameleopardalis"
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
cf. Syncerus caffer, Taurotragus cf. oryx, "Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii, "Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros, "cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus, cf. Alcelaphus robustus, Damaliscus aff. albifrons, cf. Oryx gazella, Oreotragus major, Redunca arudinum, Redunca darti, Redunca fulvorufula, Aepyceros cf. melampus, Cephalophus caerulus, Cephalophus pricei, Gazella gracilior, Makapania broomi
cf. Syncerus caffer Sparman 1779 African buffalo
Taurotragus cf. oryx Pallas 1766 common eland
"Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii Gray 1849 nyala
"Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas 1766 greater kudu
"cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus Burchell 1823 blue wildebeest
Damaliscus aff. albifrons antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mak - species name from unique name
cf. Oryx gazella Linnaeus 1758 gemsbok
Oreotragus major klipspringer
Redunca darti Wells and Cooke 1956 reedbuck
Redunca fulvorufula Afzelius 1815 mountain reedbuck
originally entered as "Redunca fulvoufula"
Aepyceros cf. melampus Lichtenstein 1812 impala
Gazella gracilior gazelle
originally entered as "Gazella grcilior"
Makapania broomi Wells and Cooke 1956 antelope
 Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus amphibius
Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 hippo
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet., Ceratotherium simum, Diceros bicornis
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Ceratotherium simum or D. bicornis
Ceratotherium simum Burchell 1821 white rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis Linnaeus 1758 black rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
"cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion, Equus helmei
"cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion hipparionine horse
 Primates - Hominidae
Australopithecus africanus
Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925 australopithecine
originally entered as "Austrlopithecus africanus"
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecoides broomi, "Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus, Parapapio spp., Parapapio broomi, Parapapio whitei, Parapapio jonesi
"Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus gelada
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: darti
Parapapio spp. Jones 1937 monkey
Parapapio broomi Jones 1937 monkey
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or whitei
Parapapio whitei Broom 1940 monkey
Parapapio jonesi Broom 1940 monkey
 Macroscelidea - Macroscelididae
Elephantulus antiquus, Elephantulus langi
Elephantulus antiquus elephant shrew
Elephantulus langi elephant shrew
Gazella vanhoepeni
  -
"Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni
"Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni Wells and Cooke 1956