Bolicrinus-Theleproktocrinus Assoc., Farmers Creek Mbr., East-Central Iowa (Silurian of the United States)

Where: Iowa (42.2° N, 90.6° W: paleocoordinates 21.1° S, 55.6° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Farmers Creek Member (Hopkinton Formation), Telychian (438.5 - 433.4 Ma)

• "Apparently limited to the Late Llandoverian (C4)."

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deep subtidal ramp; dolomitic, shelly/skeletal wackestone and dolomitic, shelly/skeletal packstone

• "..intact thecae and cups...varying amounts of disarticulated debris...holdfasts and root systems uncommon...evidence for deposition of the whole of the Farmers Creek Member generally below wave base, with only occasional storm disturbances...Witzke and Johnson [ref. 7006] interpret the F.C. as ranging between BA 3 and 4..The preponderance of evidence favors outer BA3-4..."

•SEP environmental call based on given description and same vol. page 807.

• "The lithology is very porous, chert-free, finely crystalline dolomite. Witzke (1981a) describes a range of skeletal-moldic wackestone to packstone fabrics...with some dolomitic replacement of skeletal grains: all have been noted in rocks containing this association."

Collection methods: I have combined four separate collections listed, with abundances, in table 45.38, as well as other taxa mentioned in text. (Table includes echinoderms and brachiopods only.) Community is said to be similar to Stricklandia laevis Community of Witzke and Johnson (1999, PBDB ref. 7006, PBDB coll. 25038), but the collections listed here are different from those listed in Witzke and Johnson.

Primary reference: T. J. Frest, C. E. Brett, and B. J. Witzke. 1999. Caradocian-Gedinnian echinoderm associations of Central and Eastern North America. Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 638-783 [M. Foote/K. Koverman/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 26763: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 30.10.2002, edited by Pete Wagner

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Chlorophyceae
 Dasycladales - Dasycladaceae
unclassified
  -
Trilobita
 Corynexochida - Illaenidae
Stenopareia sp. Holm 1886 trilobite
Bumastus sp. Murchison 1839 trilobite
 Lichida - Lichidae
Arctinurus sp. Castelnau 1843 trilobite
 Phacopida - Encrinuridae
Encrinuridae indet. Angelin 1854 trilobite
 Phacopida - Calymenidae
Calymene sp. Brongniart 1822 trilobite
Bryozoa
  -
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Craniata
 Trimerellida - Trimerellidae
Dinobolus sp. Hall 1871
Chileata
 Dictyonellida - Eichwaldiidae
"Dictyonella sp." = Eodictyonella
"Dictyonella sp." = Eodictyonella Wright 1994
Rhynchonellata
 Spiriferida - Cyrtiidae
Hedeina sp. Boucot 1957
 Spiriferida - Delthyrididae
Howellella sp. Kozlowski 1946
 Pentamerida - Parastrophinidae
Anastrophia sp. Hall 1867
 Pentamerida - Stricklandiidae
 Pentamerida - Pentameridae
 Athyridida - Nucleospiridae
 Athyridida - Meristidae
Merista sp. Suess 1851
 Athyridida - Meristellidae
Meristina sp. Hall 1867
Whitfieldella sp. Hall and Clarke 1893
 Athyridida - Anoplothecidae
Coelospira sp. Hall 1863
 Atrypida - Atrypidae
Plectatrypa sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1930
Atrypa "reticularis" Linnaeus 1758
 Orthida -
Orthida indet. Schuchert and Cooper 1932
 Orthida - Linoporellidae
Linoporella sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
 Orthida - Dicoelosiidae
Dicoelosia sp. King 1850
 Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Isorthis sp. Kozlowski 1929
Resserella sp. Bancroft 1928
 Orthida - Rhipidomellidae
Dalejina sp. Havlicek 1953
 Orthida - Platystrophiidae
Platystrophia sp., "Platystrophia biforata" = Platystrophia biforatus
"Platystrophia biforata" = Platystrophia biforatus Schlotheim 1820
 Rhynchonellida - Machaerariidae
Ferganella sp. Nikiforova 1937
Strophomenata
 Strophomenida - Leptostrophiidae
 Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae
Leptaena "rhomboidalis" Wahlenberg 1818
 Orthotetida - Triplesiidae
Triplesia sp. Hall 1859
 Orthotetida - Chilidiopsidae
"Coolinia sp." = Fardenia (Coolinia)
"Coolinia sp." = Fardenia (Coolinia) Bancroft 1949
Rostroconchia
  -
Rostroconchia indet. Pojeta et al. 1972
Gastropoda
 Euomphalina - Euomphalidae
Straparollus sp. de Montfort 1810 snail
 Euomphalina - Platyceratidae
Cyclonema sp. Hall 1852 snail
Platyceras sp. Conrad 1840 snail
 Murchisoniina -
Murchisonioidea indet. Koken 1896 snail
 Murchisoniina - Phanerotrematidae
Phanerotrema sp. Fischer 1885 snail
Cephalopoda
 Orthocerida - Dawsonoceratidae
Dawsonoceras sp. Hyatt 1884
 Orthocerida - Kionoceratidae
Kionoceras sp. Hyatt 1884
 Discosorida - Phragmoceratidae
Phragmoceras sp. Broderip 1839
 Discosorida - Discosoridae
Discosorus sp. Hall 1852
Bivalvia
 Megalodontida - Megalodontidae
 Glyptosphaeritida - Gomphocystitidae
Crinoidea
 Cladida -
Manicrinus "sp. 2" Frest and Strimple 1978 Sea lily
 Cyathocrinida - Cyathocrinitidae
 Cyathocrinida - Crotalocrinitidae
Crotalocrinites sp. Austin 1842 Sea lily
 Diplobathrida - Dimerocrinitidae
 Diplobathrida - Lampterocrinidae
Lampterocrinus sp. Roemer 1860 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Eucalyptocrinitidae
 Monobathrida - Carpocrinidae
 Monobathrida - Patelliocrinidae
 Monobathrida - Marsupiocrinidae
 Monobathrida -
Bolicrinus sp. Witzke and Strimple 1981 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Dolatocrinidae
 Monobathrida - Hapalocrinidae
 Monobathrida -
Cytocrinus sp. Roemer 1860 Sea lily
 Rhombifera - Callocystitidae
Anthozoa
 Heliolitida - Heliolitidae
Heliolites sp. Dana 1846 tabulate coral
 Heliolitida - Halysitidae
Halysites sp. von Waldheim 1813 tabulate coral
 Favositida - Pachyporidae
Striatopora sp. Hall 1851 tabulate coral
 Favositida - Favositidae
Favosites sp. Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral