Parana, Pueblo Brugo to Diamante, Ituzaingo Fm. (Neogene of Argentina)

Also known as “Conglomerado osífero” (= “Mesopotamiense”, sensu Frenguelli, 1920)

Where: Entre Rios, Argentina (31.5° S, 60.2° W: paleocoordinates 31.6° S, 58.1° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Huayquerian mammal zone, Ituzaingo Formation, Huayquerian (8.0 - 5.0 Ma)

• Schmidt 2015: fossils from the base of the Ituzaingo Fm.

Environment/lithology: marine; sandstone and mudstone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: original phosphate

Primary reference: A. L. Cione, M. M. Azpelicueta, M. Bond, A. A. Carlini, J. R. Casciotta, M. A. Cozzuol, M. Fuente, Z. Gasparini, F. J. Goin, J. Noriega, G. J. Scillato-Yane, L. Soibelzon, E. P. Tonni, D. H. Verzi, and M. G. Vucetich. 2000. Miocene vertebrates from Entre Rios province, eastern Argentina. Serie Correlacion Geologica 14:191-237 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/O. Alfaro]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 55600: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 01.11.2005, edited by Philip Mannion, Juan Carrillo, Miranta Kouvari, Evangelos Vlachos, Grace Varnham and Kateryn Pino

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Actinopteri
 Characiformes - Cynodontidae
 Characiformes - Characidae
Mammalia
 Cetacea - Iniidae
Iniidae indet.13, "Saurodelphis gigas n. sp." = Saurocetes gigas9
Iniidae indet.13 Gray 1846 toothed whale
"Saurodelphis gigas n. sp." = Saurocetes gigas9 Cozzuol 1988 toothed whale
 Panameriungulata - Macraucheniidae
Cullinia sp.21 Cabrera and Kraglievich 1931 placental
Paranauchenia denticulata Ameghino 1891 placental
"Mesorhinus piramydatus" = Oxyodontherium piramydatus Ameghino 1885 placental
"Oxyodontherium zeballosi" = Oxyodontherium zeballozi Ameghino 1883 placental
Promacrauchenia antiqua Ameghino 1887 placental
Scalabrinitherium rothii Ameghino 1885 placental
Scalabrinitherium bravardi Ameghino 1883 placental
 Panameriungulata - Proterotheriidae
Neobrachytherium ameghinoi21, "Proterotherium gradatum" = Brachytherium gradatum, "Brachytherium cuspidatum" = Brachytherium cuspidatum, "Epitherium paranensis" = Brachytherium cuspidatum, "Licaphrium mesopotamiense" = Brachytherium cuspidatum, "Coelosoma eversa" = Diadiaphorus eversus, Proterotherium cervioides
Neobrachytherium ameghinoi21 Soria 2001 placental
"Proterotherium gradatum" = Brachytherium gradatum Ameghino 1891 placental
"Brachytherium cuspidatum" = Brachytherium cuspidatum Ameghino 1883 placental
"Epitherium paranensis" = Brachytherium cuspidatum Ameghino 1883 placental
"Licaphrium mesopotamiense" = Brachytherium cuspidatum Ameghino 1883 placental
"Coelosoma eversa" = Diadiaphorus eversus Soria 2001 placental
Proterotherium cervioides Ameghino 1883 placental
 Carnivora - Procyonidae
Cyonasua argentina Ameghino 1885 procyonid carnivore
 Rodentia - Erethizontidae
Paradoxomys sp. Ameghino 1885 porcupine
Paradoxomys cancrivorus7 Ameghino 1885 porcupine
 Rodentia - Neoepiblemidae
Perimys scalabrinianus7, Neoepiblema sp., "Neoepiblema ambrosettianus" = Neoepiblema horridula19, Epiblema horridula14, Phoberomys sp., Phoberomys sp.7, "Phoberomys burmeisteri" = Phoberomys burmeisteri15, "Phoberomys minima n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri17, "Phoberomys minima" = Phoberomys burmeisteri7, "Megamys burmeisteri" = Phoberomys burmeisteri14, "Phoberomys praecursor n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri16, "Phoberomys insolita n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri17, "Phoberomys lozanoi n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri17
Perimys scalabrinianus7 Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
Neoepiblema sp. Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
"Neoepiblema ambrosettianus" = Neoepiblema horridula19 Ameghino 1886 caviomorph
Epiblema horridula14 Ameghino 1886 caviomorph
upper right molar - collected by F. Ameghino 1886
Phoberomys sp. Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Phoberomys sp.7 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
"Phoberomys burmeisteri" = Phoberomys burmeisteri15 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
"Phoberomys minima n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri17 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
"Phoberomys minima" = Phoberomys burmeisteri7 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
"Megamys burmeisteri" = Phoberomys burmeisteri14 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
collected by F. Ameghino 1886
"Phoberomys praecursor n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri16 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
"Phoberomys insolita n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri17 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
"Phoberomys lozanoi n. sp." = Phoberomys burmeisteri17 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Dinomyidae
Telodontomys compressidens7 Kraglievich 1931 caviomorph
Pentastylomys sp. Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Carlesia sp. Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Carlesia pendolai7 caviomorph
Olenopsis typicus7 Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
Potamarchus sp. Burmeister 1885 caviomorph
Potamarchus murinus7 Burmeister 1885 caviomorph
Pseudosigmomys sp. Kraglievich 1931 caviomorph
Rusconia crassidens7 Kraglievich 1931 caviomorph
Gyriabrus sp. Ameghino 1891 caviomorph
Gyriabrus indivisus7 caviomorph
Gyriabrus holmbergi7 Ameghino 1885 caviomorph
Diaphoromys sp. Kraglievich 1931 caviomorph
Diaphoromys mesopotamicus7 Kraglievich 1932 caviomorph
Diaphoromys gamayensis7 Kraglievich 1931 caviomorph
Paranamys sp. Kraglievich 1934 caviomorph
"Drytomomys typicus" = Paranamys typicus8 Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
Protomegamys sp. Kraglievich 1932 caviomorph
Briaromys sp. Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
Briaromys trouessartianus7 Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
Eumegamysops sp. Alvarez 1947 caviomorph
Eumegamysops praependens7 Ameghino 1886 caviomorph
Colpostemma sp. Ameghino 1891 caviomorph
Discolomys cuneus7 Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
"Discolomys"
Doellomys sp. Alvarez 1947 caviomorph
Doellomys parcus7 caviomorph
Eumegamys sp. Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Eumegamys dubius7 caviomorph
Eumegamys depressidens7 caviomorph
"Eumegamys" depressidens
Eumegamys contortus7 Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
Eumegamys paranensis7 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Eumegamys scalabrinianus7 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Isostylomys sp. Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Isostylomys laurillardi7 Ameghino 1883 caviomorph
Tetrastylus atavus7 caviomorph
T. (Protelicomys) atavus
Tetrastylus laevigatus7 Ameghino 1886 caviomorph
Tetrastylus laevigatus n. sp.24 Ameghino 1886 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Chinchillidae
"Lagostomopsis sp." = Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis), "Lagostomopsis pallidens" = Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis)7, "Lagostomopsis antiquus" = Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis)7
"Lagostomopsis sp." = Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis) Kraglievich 1926 viscacha
"Lagostomopsis pallidens" = Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis)7 viscacha
"Lagostomopsis antiquus" = Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis)7 viscacha
 Rodentia - Hydrochoeridae
Contracavia sp., "Anchimysops sp." = Phugatherium, "Protohydrochoerus sp." = Phugatherium7, Phugatherium cataclisticum, "Cardiatherium sp." = Cardiatherium, "Kiyutherium sp." = Cardiatherium, "Procardiatherium sp." = Cardiatherium, "Anchimys sp." = Cardiatherium, "Plexochoerus sp." = Cardiatherium, Cardiatherium paranense n. sp.18, Anatochoerus sp., Cantracavia sp.7
Contracavia sp. Burmeister 1885 caviomorph
"Anchimysops sp." = Phugatherium Ameghino 1887 caviomorph
"Protohydrochoerus sp." = Phugatherium7 Ameghino 1887 caviomorph
Phugatherium cataclisticum Ameghino 1887 caviomorph
"Cardiatherium sp." = Cardiatherium Ameghino 1883 caviomorph
"Kiyutherium sp." = Cardiatherium Ameghino 1883 caviomorph
"Procardiatherium sp." = Cardiatherium Ameghino 1883 caviomorph
"Anchimys sp." = Cardiatherium Ameghino 1883 caviomorph
"Plexochoerus sp." = Cardiatherium Ameghino 1883 caviomorph
Cardiatherium paranense n. sp.18 Ameghino 1883 caviomorph
Anatochoerus sp. Vucetich and Mones 1991 caviomorph
Cantracavia sp.7 Burmeister 1885 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Caviidae
Prodolichotis sp. Kraglievich 1932 caviomorph
Cardiomys sp. Ameghino 1885 caviomorph
Pliodolichotis sp.6 Kraglievich 1927 mara
Caviodon sp. Ameghino 1885 caviomorph
Parodimys sp. Kraglievich 1932 caviomorph
Palaeocavia sp. Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Echimyidae
Myocastor sp. Kerr 1782 spiny rat
Myocastor obesus7 spiny rat
Myocastor sinuata7 spiny rat
Haplostropha sp. Ameghino 1891 spiny rat
Eumysops parodii Kraglievich 1945 spiny rat
Eumysops parodii7 Kraglievich 1945 spiny rat
“Eumysops” parodii
 Rodentia - Abrocomidae
Protabrocoma sp. Kraglievich 1927 chinchilla rat
Protabrocoma paranensis7 chinchilla rat
 Rodentia - Myocastoridae
Strophostephanos sp.6 Ameghino 1891 caviomorph
 Notoungulata - Interatheriidae
Munizia paranensis Kraglievich 1931 notoungulate
Protypotherium antiquum Ameghino 1882 notoungulate
 Notoungulata - Mesotheriidae
Eutypotherium sp.21 Roth 1902 notoungulate
 Notoungulata - Haplodontheriidae
"Haplodontherium wildei" = Haplodontherium wildei, "Haplodontherium limun" = Haplodontherium wildei, "Toxodontherium reverendum" = Haplodontherium wildei, "Toxodontherium compressum" = Haplodontherium wildei, Pachynodon modicus
"Haplodontherium wildei" = Haplodontherium wildei Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
"Haplodontherium limun" = Haplodontherium wildei Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
"Toxodontherium reverendum" = Haplodontherium wildei Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
"Toxodontherium compressum" = Haplodontherium wildei Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
Pachynodon modicus Burmeister 1891 notoungulate
 Notoungulata - Toxodontidae
Xotodon foricurvatus Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
Xotodon doellojuradi Frenguelli 1920 notoungulate
"Stenotephanos plicidens" = Stenotephanos plicidens Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
"Eutomodus elautus" = Stenotephanos plicidens Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
"? Palaeotoxodon virgatus" = Stenotephanos plicidens Ameghino 1885 notoungulate
? Palaeotoxodon protoburmeisteri Ameghino 1887 notoungulate
? Berroia sp. Kraglievich 1931 notoungulate
"Dinotoxodon paranensis" = Dinotoxodon paranensis Burmeister 1885 notoungulate
"Palaeotoxodon paranensis" = Dinotoxodon paranensis Burmeister 1885 notoungulate
Dilobodon lutarius Ameghino 1886 notoungulate
 Megatherioidea - Nothrotheriidae
Pronothrotherium mirabilis Kraglievich 1925 edentate
Neohapalops rothi Kraglievich 1923 edentate
 Megatherioidea - Megatheriidae
Promegatherium smaltatum Ameghino 1883 edentate
Promegatherium parvulum Ameghino 1891 edentate
Pyramiodontherium sp.5 Rovereto 1914 edentate
"Promegatherium remulsum" = Pyramiodontherium remulsum4 Ameghino 1886 edentate
"Pliomegatherium lelongi" = Pliomegatherium lelongi Kraglievich 1930 edentate
"Pliomegatherium paranensis" = Pliomegatherium lelongi4 Kraglievich 1930 edentate
Megatherium antiquum4 Ameghino 1885 edentate
Eomegatherium nanum5 Burmeister 1891 edentate
 Megatherioidea - Megalonychidae
Protomegalonyx praecursor, Protomegalonyx doellojuradoi, "Ortotherium brevirostrum n. sp." = Mesopotamocnus brevirostrum, Torcellia paranense, Pliomorphus robustus, "Pliomorphus mutilatus" = Pliomorphus mutilatus, "Pliomorphus ameghinoi" = Pliomorphus mutilatus, "Pliomorphus brevis" = Pliomorphus mutilatus, Megalonychops primigenius, Ortotherium robustum, "Ortotherium laticurvatum" = Ortotherium laticurvatum, "Ortotherium scrofum" = Ortotherium laticurvatum, "Ortotherium schlosseri" = Ortotherium laticurvatum, "Amphiocnus seneus" = Ortotherium laticurvatum, Amphiocnus paranense
Protomegalonyx praecursor Kraglievich 1925 edentate
Protomegalonyx doellojuradoi Kraglievich 1925 edentate
"Ortotherium brevirostrum n. sp." = Mesopotamocnus brevirostrum Bordas 1941 edentate
Holotype: MACN Pv 13656, type of Ortotherium brevirostrum Bordas, 1942
Torcellia paranense Kraglievich 1923 edentate
Pliomorphus robustus Ameghino 1885 edentate
"Pliomorphus mutilatus" = Pliomorphus mutilatus Ameghino 1885 edentate
"Pliomorphus ameghinoi" = Pliomorphus mutilatus Ameghino 1885 edentate
"Pliomorphus brevis" = Pliomorphus mutilatus Ameghino 1885 edentate
Megalonychops primigenius Kraglievich 1926 edentate
Ortotherium robustum Ameghino 1881 edentate
"Ortotherium laticurvatum" = Ortotherium laticurvatum Ameghino 1885 edentate
"Ortotherium scrofum" = Ortotherium laticurvatum Ameghino 1885 edentate
"Ortotherium schlosseri" = Ortotherium laticurvatum Ameghino 1885 edentate
"Amphiocnus seneus" = Ortotherium laticurvatum Ameghino 1885 edentate
Amphiocnus paranense Kraglievich 1922 edentate
  - Mylodontidae
Megabradys darwini Scillato-Yané 1981 edentate
Promylodon paranensis Ameghino 1883 edentate
Ranculcus scalabrinianus Ameghino 1891 edentate
Prolestodon paranensis Ameghino 1889 edentate
Prolestodon antiquus Ameghino 1885 edentate
Strabosodon acuticavus Ameghino 1891 edentate
Strabosodon obtusicavus Ameghino 1891 edentate
Scelidotheriinae indet. Ameghino 1889 edentate
"Sphenotherus paranensis" = Sphenotherus zavaletianus Ameghino 1891 edentate
Octomylodon aversus Ameghino 1904 edentate
 Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Dasypus neogaeus Ameghino 1891 armadillo
Chasicotatus spinozai23 Scillato-Yané et al. 2010 armadillo
Proeuphractus limpidus Ameghino 1886 armadillo
? Zaedyus sp. Ameghino 1889 armadillo
Macroeuphractus retusus22 Ameghino 1887 armadillo
but also ref 15016
 Cingulata -
? Trachycalyptus cingulatus Ameghino 1889 edentate
Urotherium interundatum Ameghino 1885 edentate
Pseudoeuryurus lelongianus Ameghino 1889 edentate
"Berthawyleria sp." = Pseudoplohophorus Castellanos 1926 edentate
Protoglyptodon primiformis Ameghino 1885 edentate
Palaehoplophorus antiquus Ameghino 1883 edentate
Chlamyphractus pressulus Ameghino 1885 edentate
 Cingulata - Pampatheriidae
Kraglievichia paranense, "Scirrotherium carinatum n. sp." = Kraglievichia carinatum23
Kraglievichia paranense Ameghino 1883 edentate
"Scirrotherium carinatum n. sp." = Kraglievichia carinatum23 Gois et al. 2013 edentate
 Cingulata - Panochthidae
Hoplophorus verus23 Ameghino 1889 edentate
 Cingulata - Glyptodontidae
Comaphorus concisus Ameghino 1886 glyptodon
Paraglyptodon paranensis23 Castellanos 1953 glyptodon
Eleutherocercus sp.20 Koken 1888 glyptodon
Plohophorus paranensis Ameghino 1891 glyptodon
 Cingulata -
Parahoplophorus paranensis Ameghino 1883 edentate
 Sparassodonta -
"Notictis ortizi" = Notictis ortizii Ameghino 1889 metatherian
Stylocynus paranensis Mercerat 1917 metatherian
 Sparassodonta - Thylacosmilidae
Thylacosmilus atrox12 Riggs 1933 metatherian
 Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae
Zygolestes paranensis12 Ameghino 1898 opossum
Philander entrerianus12 Ameghino 1899 four-eyed opossum
Chironectes sp.12 Illiger 1811 water opossum
Reptilia
 Testudines - Chelidae
Phrynops cf. geoffroanus Schweigger 1812 side-necked turtle of Geoffroy
 Testudines - Cheloniidae
Cheloniidae indet.10 Bonaparte 1832 sea turtle
MACN Pv 14224, nearly complete right mandible
 Loricata -
Crocodylia indet. crocodilian
 Crocodylia - Gavialidae
Gryposuchus neogaeus Rusconi 1933 crocodilian
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
"Carandaisuchus nativus n. gen. n. sp." = Mourasuchus arendsi11, "Caiman gasparinae n. sp." = Paranasuchus gasparinae3, Caiman jacare, Caiman australis, Caiman latirostris, Caiman cf. yacare1, Paranacaiman bravardi n. gen. n. sp.2
"Carandaisuchus nativus n. gen. n. sp." = Mourasuchus arendsi11 Bocquentin Villanueva 1984 crocodilian
MLP 73-IV-15-8 - holotype (posterior portion of skull); hypodigm: MLP 73-IV-15-9 (posterior portion of skull)
"Caiman gasparinae n. sp." = Paranasuchus gasparinae3 Bona and Carabajal 2013 crocodilian
MLP-73-IV-15-1 - holotype (skull fragments represented by a rostrum with articulated fragments of premaxillae, maxillae, nasals, left lacrymal and a partial braincase lacking the basicranium); referred material - MACN PV 5555 (fragment of right premaxilla)
Caiman australis Bravard 1858 caiman
Caiman latirostris Daudin 1801 broud-snouted caiman
Caiman cf. yacare1 Daudin 1802 caiman
MLP 73-IV-15-5, MLP 73-IV-15-6, MLP 73-IV-5-17, MACN PV 5417
Paranacaiman bravardi n. gen. n. sp.2 Bona et al. 2024 crocodilian
MACN-PV 13551
Aves
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Rallidae indet. Vigors 1825 rail
 Gruiformes - Phorusrhacidae
"Phororhacidae indet." = Phorusrhacidae, "? Onactornis sp." = Devincenzia, Andalgalornis sp.
"Phororhacidae indet." = Phorusrhacidae Ameghino 1889 terror bird
"? Onactornis sp." = Devincenzia Kraglievich 1932 terror bird
Andalgalornis sp. Patterson and Kraglievich 1960 terror bird
 Rheiformes - Rheidae
Rheidae indet. Bonaparte 1849 rhea
 Phoenicopteriformes - Palaelodidae
Megapaloelodus sp. Miller 1944 swimming flamingo
 Phoenicopteriformes - Phoenicopteridae
Phoenicopteridae indet. Bonaparte 1838 flamingo
Reptilia
 Squamata -