Full reference: D. T. Ksepka, R. E. Fordyce, T. Ando and C. M. Jones. 2012. New fossil penguins (AVes, Sphenisciformes) from the Oligocene of New Zealand reveal the skeletal plan of stem penguins. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(2):235-254
Parent taxon: Sphenisciformes according to D. T. Ksepka et al. 2012
Sister taxa: Anthropornis, Aprosdokitos, Archaeospheniscus, Crossvallia, Delphinornis, Duntroonornis, Icadyptes, Inkayacu, Kaiika, Korora, Kumimanu, Kupoupou, Marambiornis, Mesetaornis, Muriwaimanu, Pachydyptes, Pakudyptes, Palaeospheniscinae, Paraptenodytinae, Perudyptes, Petradyptes, Platydyptes, Sequiwaimanu, Spheniscidae, Tonniornis, Waimanu, Wimanornis
Subtaxa: Kairuku grebneffi Kairuku waewaeroa Kairuku waitaki
Ecology: ground dwelling carnivore
Distribution:
• Oligocene of New Zealand (7 collections)
• Whaingaroan of New Zealand (2)
• Eocene of New Zealand (1)
Total: 10 collections each including a single occurrence
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.