Full reference: F.J.R. Taylor. 1980. On dinoflagellate evolution. Biosystems 13(1/2):65-108
Parent taxon: Dinophyceae according to F.J.R. Taylor 1980
Sister taxa: Actiniscales, Actinotheca, Aiora, Anthatractus, Apteodinium, Arcticacysta, Aremoricanium, Belodinium, Bicarinellum, Broomea, Calcicarpinium, Calcigonellum, Calciogranellum, Calcipterellum, Calcisphaerellum, Cantulodinium, Ceratocoryaceae, Chiropteridium, Cryptarchaeodinium, Cymatiogalea, Danea, Diconodinium, Dictyopyxidia, Diornatosphaera, Diplotesta, Disconodinium, Distatodinium, Downiesphaeridium, Echinidinium, Eodinia, Evansia, Exochosphaeridium, Favilarnax, Galea, Gillinia, Gymnodinium, Heliodinium, Heteraulacacysta, Heterocapsaceae, Histiophora, Horologinella, Hystrichokibotium, Hystrichosphaeropsis, Invertocysta, Kofoidopsis, Komewuia, Lirellidae, Lithodinia, Lithoperidinium, Membranophoridium, Millioudodinium, Multiplicisphaeridium, Nannoceratopsiaceae, Nannoceratopsiella, Nelsoniella, Odontochitinopsis, Oodnadattia, Ovoidinium, Palaeoglenodinium, Palaeoperidinioideae, Palaeotetradinium, Paleopedicystus, Palmnickia, Pareodiniaceae, Pentafidia, Peridiniales, Peridinites, Phanerodinium, Polyedryxium, Polykrikaceae, Polystephanephorus, Polystephanosphaera, Priscogalea, Prolixosphaeridium, Pseudodeflandrea, Ptychodiscales, Pulvinosphaeridium, Raphidodinium, Rottnestia, Samlandia, Scriniocassis, Spherites, Spiniferites, Stephanelytron, Taeniophora, Teneridinium, Tenua, Ternia, Thoracosphaerales, Toolongia, Triblastula, Trichodinium, Valvaeodinium, Vulcanisphaera, Wallodinium, Wetzeliella, Wetzelodinium, Xenicodinium, Xenikoon
Subtaxa: Areoligeraceae Batiacasphaera Bourkidinium Ceratiaceae Cerebrocysta Chlamydophorella Cladopyxiaceae Cleistosphaeridium Dapsilidinium Dingodinium Ellipsoidictyum Elytrocysta Epiplosphaera Flamingoia Fusiformacysta Gardodinium Goniodomaceae Gonyaulacaceae Heslertonia Hystrichosphaeridiaceae Impletosphaeridium Labyrinthodinium Lophocysta Membranilarnacia Membranilarnax Moorodinium Peridictyocysta Productodinium Shublikodiniaceae Tanyosphaeridium Tetrachacysta Valensiella Xiphophoridium