Parent taxon: Embryophyta according to E. Taylor et al. 2008
Sister taxa: Acylomurus, Antherocerotophyta, Anthocerotophyta, Concavissimisporites, Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Divisisporites, Gigantopteridales, Ginkgophyta, Hermanophytales, Iraniales, Lusatisporis, Lycophyta, Progymnospermophyta, Sphenophyta, Zosterophyllophyta
Subtaxa: Albertlongia Angaropteris Aulacotheca Bardia Bilignea Boulaya Brongniartites Buteoxylonales Calathiops Calathospermum Calymmatotheca Camptosperma Canipa Cephalopteris Chapelia Codonotheca Coseleya Crossotheca Dictyoxylon Dimeripteris Diplotheca Diplothmema Dolichosperma Eccroutosperma Eltovaria Emplectopteris Eurystoma Geminitheca Genomosperma Gimmia Girtya Glossophyllaceae Gnetopsis Goldenbergia Halletheca Heterangium Heterotheca Hoegia Hydrasperma Hymenotheca Ilfeldia Jongmansis Kegelidium Kurtziana Lacoea Lagenospermum Lagenostoma Lithangium Lyginorachis Megaloxylon Microspermopteris Nudospermum Nystroemia Ootheca Paracalathiops Paragonorrachis Perezlaria Periastron Physostoma Potoniea Pteridozamites Rhetinangium Rhetinotheca Rotodontiospermum Runcaria Salpingostoma Schopfiastrum Schopfitheca Simplotheca Spermolithus Spermopteris Sphaerostoma Sphenoxylon Stamnostoma Staphylotheca Stenokoleos Syncrama Tantallosperma Telangium Tetrastichia Tristichia Tyliosperma Unguitheca Utkalia Whittleseya Yakia Zimmermannitheca