Protozoa - Spumellaria - Sponguridae
Parent taxon: Spumellaria according to G. K. Sharma and K. Takahashi 2007
See also Hull 1997 and Zügel 1997
Sister taxa: Acaeniotylidae, Acanthopyle, Adiyamanium, Allocyrtium, Amphicyclia, Amphisphaera, Amphistylus, Anakrusidae, Angulobracchiidae, Antygoporidae, Archaeospongoprunidae, Artiscus, Aspiculumidae, Astractura, Astrococcus, Astrocyclia, Astromma, Astrosestrum, Astrosphaeridae, Beatricea, Bernoulliidae, Bipylospongia, Bolenidae, Callosphaera, Caltrop, Cannartidium, Cannartiscus, Cannartus, Capnuchosphaeridae, Caspiaza, Caucasicus, Cavaspongiidae, Cenodiscaella, Cenolarcopyle, Coccodiscidae, Coccolarcus, Conocaryommidae, Conosphaera, Cromyodruppocarpus, Cromyostaurolonche, Cryptolarancium, Cubotholonium, Cyrtiphaeronemium, Dactyliosphaeridae, Devoniglansus, Dicoccura, Dictyastrum, Didactylum, Diplactura, Distriactis, Domuzdagiidae, Doryconthidium, Dorydictyum, Dorydiscus, Dorydruppa, Dorylonchidium, Doryphacus, Doryplegma, Dorysphaera, Druppastylus, Druppocarpus, Druppula, Echinomma, Ellipsidium, Ellipsostylus, Emiluviidae, Entactiniacae, Entapiidae, Fontinella, Foremanella, Formanhelena, Franklinia, Futobari, Glomeropyle, Hagiastridae, Halidictyum, Haliomma, Haplopolus, Haplotaeniatumidae, Heliocladus, Heliodiscidae, Heliosoma, Heterosestrum, Hexacladus, Hexacromyum, Hexadoras, Hexaloncharium, Hexaporobrachiidae, Hexapylomellidae, Hexastylarium, Hymenactura, Kalimnasphaera, Kreyzstella, Labyrinthia, Lampasa, Larcidium, Larnacalpis, Larnacantha, Larnacillidae, Liosphaera, Lithapium, Lithatractus, Melittosphaera, Mendacastridae, Miropylidae, Natraglia, Ommatocampe, Ommatodiscus, Ommatospyris, Orbiculopylorum, Orosphaeridae, Orostaurs, Palaeotetraphyle, Pantanelliidae, Parabeothuka, Parasaturnalidae, Paratriassoastridae, Paratriassoastrum, Parvivaccidae, Patulibracchiidae, Pentactinocapus, Pentactura, Pentalastrum, Pentasphaera, Phacotriactis, Phantum, Phorticum, Phyletripes, Pipetta, Pipettaria, Plegmosphaera, Plussatispila, Praeconocaryommidae, Primaritripus, Prunocarpus, Pseudoacanthocircidae, Pseudoacanthosphaera, Pseudoaulophacidae, Pseudosaturnalis, Pyloniacea, Pyloniidae, Pyramispongiidae, Quasibeothuka, Rhodosphaera, Rhopalodictyum, Saturnaliacea, Schizodiscus, Sethodiscinus, Sethostaurus, Spironium, Spongasteriscus, Spongiomma, Spongoacanthus, Spongobrachium, Spongocoelia, Spongodiscacea, Spongodiscidae, Spongolonche, Spongopalliidae, Spongophacus, Spongosphaeradiscus, Sponguracea, Srakaeosphaera, Stauracontium, Staurancistra, Staurococcura, Staurocromyum, Staurocyclia, Staurodictya, Staurodoras, Stauroplegma, Staurostylus, Stomatodiscus, Streblacantha, Stylosphaeridae, Stylostaurus, Styptosphaera, Suttoniidae, Tauridastrum, Tetrapylonium, Tetrarectangulum, Tetrasphaera, Tetriastrum, Thalassicola, Theodiscus, Tholomura, Tholoniidae, Tipperella, Trigonocyclia, Triplococcus, Tripodictya, Tritrabidae, Trochodiscus, Veghicycliidae, Vinassaspongus, Vitorfidae, Xiphodictya, Xiphostaurus, Zadrappolus, Zhuangodiscus, Zonodiscus
Subtaxa: Kamospongella Patellula Prunobrachium Pseudospongoprunum Spongurus
Ecology: passively mobile planktonic omnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Japan (8 collections)
• Miocene of Ecuador (1)
• Paleocene of China (1), New Zealand (33)
• Cretaceous of Azerbaijan (4), Canada (2: Nunavut), Costa Rica (2), the Czech Republic (1), Germany (2), Greece (1), Italy (10), New Zealand (9), North Pacific (1), Oman (8), Poland (3), the Russian Federation (3), Slovakia (2), Turkey (3)
• Jurassic of Antarctica (4), Germany (1), Italy (3), Japan (7), Switzerland (1)
• Triassic of Japan (1)
• Permian of Japan (19)
Total: 130 collections including 211 occurrences