PBDB Taxon

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Astrapotheria

Mammalia - Astrapotheria

Taxonomy

Astrapotheria was named by Lydekker (1894). It is not extant.

It was reranked as the order Astrapotheria by Gregory (1910).

It was assigned to Notoungulata by Gregory (1910); to Eutheria by Carroll (1988); to Meridiungulata by McKenna (1975), McKenna and Bell (1997); and to Sudamericungulata by Avilla and Mothé (2021).

Subtaxa

Adelotherium, Adrastotherium, Antarctodon, Astrapotheriidae, Blastoconus, Blastoconus robertsoni, Entocasmus, Eoastrapostylopidae, Grypolophodon, Grypolophodon morenoi, Grypolophodon tuberculosis, Notorhinus, Notorhinus haroldi, Trigonostylopidae

Synonyms

Astrapotheroidea was named by Ameghino (1894).

It was reranked as the suborder Astrapotherioidea by Simpson (1934); it was synonymized subjectively with Astrapotheria by McKenna and Bell (1997).

It was assigned to Perissodactyla by Ameghino (1894); and to Astrapotheria by Simpson (1934).
Notorhinus was named by Roth (1903).

It was replaced with Tonorhinus by Ameghino (1904); it was considered a nomen vanum by Simpson (1967).

It was assigned to Astrapotheria by Roth (1904).
Notorhinus haroldi was named by Roth (1904). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Lago Musters, which is in a Mustersan terrestrial horizon in Argentina.

It was recombined as Tonorhinus haroldi by Ameghino (1904); it was considered a nomen vanum by Simpson (1967).
Grypolophodon morenoi was named by Roth (1904). Its type specimen is MLP 12-1472, a tooth (upper premolar), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Lago Musters, which is in a Mustersan terrestrial horizon in Argentina. It is the type species of Grypolophodon.

It was considered a nomen vanum by Simpson (1967).
Grypolophodon tuberculosis was named by Roth (1904). Its type specimen is MLP 12-2180, a tooth (part of the inner side of an upper premolar), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Lago Musters, which is in a Mustersan terrestrial horizon in Argentina.

It was considered a nomen vanum by Simpson (1967).
Blastoconus was named by Roth (1903).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Simpson (1967).

It was assigned to Astrapotheria by Roth (1904).
Blastoconus robertsoni was named by Roth (1904). Its type specimen is MLP 12-2207, a tooth (upper premolar), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Lago Musters, which is in a Mustersan terrestrial horizon in Argentina.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Simpson (1967).
Grypolophodon was named by Roth (1903). Its type is Grypolophodon morenoi.

It was synonymized subjectively with Astraponotus by Simpson (1957); it was considered a nomen vanum by Simpson (1967).

It was assigned to Astrapotheria by Roth (1904).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1894	Astrapotheroidea Ameghino
1894	Astrapotheria Lydekker p. 42
1903	Grypolophodon Roth
1903	Notorhinus Roth
1903	Notorhinus haroldi Roth
1903	Blastoconus Roth p. 137
1903	Blastoconus robertsoni Roth p. 137
1903	Grypolophodon morenoi Roth p. 139
1903	Grypolophodon tuberculosis Roth p. 140
1904	Tonorhinus haroldi Ameghino p. 82
1904	Blastoconus Roth
1904	Grypolophodon Roth
1904	Notorhinus Roth
1904	Notorhinus haroldi Roth
1904	Blastoconus robertsoni Roth p. 137
1904	Grypolophodon morenoi Roth p. 139
1904	Grypolophodon tuberculosis Roth p. 140
1910	Astrapotheria Gregory p. 466
1934	Astrapotherioidea Simpson
1975	Astrapotheria McKenna p. 43
1988	Astrapotheria Carroll
1997	Astrapotheria McKenna and Bell
2021	Astrapotheria Avilla and Mothé

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida

Rank	Name	Author
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Afrotheria	Stanhope et al. 1998
—	Paenungulatomorpha
superorder	Paenungulata
—	Sudamericungulata
order	Astrapotheria
order	Astrapotheria

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Astrapotheria Lydekker 1894

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G. †Antarctodon Bond et al. 2011

†Antarctodon sobrali Bond et al. 2011

Fm. †Astrapotheriidae Ameghino 1887

G. †Astrapodon Ameghino 1891

G. †Astraponotus Ameghino 1901

†Astraponotus assymmetrus Ameghino 1901

†Astraponotus dicksoni Roth 1904

†Astraponotus dilatatus Roth 1904

†Astraponotus holdichi Roth 1904

†Astraponotus thompsoni Roth 1904

Invalid names: Megalophodon Roth 1903 [synonym], Notamynus Roth 1903 [synonym]

G. †Astrapothericulus Ameghino 1902

†Astrapothericulus emarginatus Ameghino 1904

Invalid names: Astrapothericulus peninsulatus Ameghino 1904 [synonym]

†Astrapothericulus iheringi Ameghino 1899

Invalid names: Astrapothericulus hebetatus Ameghino 1891 [synonym]

G. †Astrapotherium Burmeister 1879

†Astrapotherium christi Stehlin 1928

†Astrapotherium guillei Kramarz et al. 2019

†Astrapotherium magnum Owen 1853

Invalid names: Astrapodon carinatus Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium angustidens Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium burmeisteri Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium columnatum Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium gaudryi Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium karaikense Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Astrapotherium marshi Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium nanum Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium patagonicum Burmeister 1879 [synonym], Listriotherium filholi Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Xylotherium mirabile Mercerat 1891 [synonym]

†Astrapotherium ruderarium Ameghino 1902

Invalid names: Astrapothericulus laevisculus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Astrapothericulus minusculus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Astrapotherium triangulidens Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Parastrapotherium paucum Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Prochalicotherium patagonicum Ameghino 1902 [synonym]

Invalid names: Astrapotherium hespernium Cabrera 1940 [nomen vanum], Listriotherium Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Mesembriotherium Moreno 1882 [synonym], Xylotherium Mercerat 1891 [synonym]

G. †Comahuetherium Kramarz and Bond 2011

†Comahuetherium coccaorum Kramarz and Bond 2011

G. †Ganastrapotherium Johnson 1984

†Ganastrapotherium snorki Johnson 1984

G. †Liarthrus

†Liarthrus copei Ameghino 1894

G. †Maddenia Kramarz and Bond 2009

†Maddenia lapidaria Kramarz and Bond 2009

G. †Monoeidodon Roth 1898

†Monoeidodon prinum Roth 1898

G. †Parastrapotherium Ameghino 1895

†Parastrapotherium crassum Ameghino 1902

†Parastrapotherium ephebicum Ameghino 1889

†Parastrapotherium herculeum Ameghino 1899

†Parastrapotherium holmbergi Ameghino 1894

Invalid names: Helicolophodon giganteus Roth 1904 [synonym], Loxocoelus obturtus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Parastrapotherium lemoinei Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Parastrapotherium trouessarti Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Traspoatherium convexidens Ameghino 1894 [synonym]

†Parastrapotherium martiale Ameghino 1901

Invalid names: Parastrapotherium insuperabile Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Parastrapotherium superabile Ameghino 1901 [synonym]

†Parastrapotherium symmetrum Ameghino 1902

†Parastrapotherium variabile Ameghino 1901

†Parastrapotherium voghti Mercerat 1891

Invalid names: Helicolophodon Roth 1903 [synonym], Loxocoelus [synonym], Traspoatherium [synonym]

G. †Scaglia Simpson 1957

†Scaglia kraglievichorum Simpson 1957

G. †Tonorhinus Ameghino 1904

Subfm. †Uruguaytheriinae Kraglievich 1928

G. †Granastrapotherium Johnson 1984

†Granastrapotherium snorki Johnson and Madden 1997

G. †Hilarcotherium Vallejo-Pareja et al. 2015

†Hilarcotherium castanedaii Vallejo-Pareja et al. 2015

†Hilarcotherium miyou Carrillo et al. 2018

G. †Uruguaytherium Kraglievich 1928

†Uruguaytherium beaulieui Kraglievich 1928

G. †Xenastrapotherium Kraglievich 1928

†Xenastrapotherium aequatorialis Johnson and Madden 1997

†Xenastrapotherium amazonense Paula Couto 1976

†Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis Johnson and Madden 1997

†Xenastrapotherium christi Stehlin 1928

†Xenastrapotherium kraglievichi Cabrera 1929

Invalid names: Synastrapotherium Paula Couto 1976 [synonym]

Invalid names: Astrapotheriinae Soria and Alvarenga 1989 [empty]

Fm. †Eoastrapostylopidae Soria and Powell 1981

G. †Eoastrapostylops Soria and Powell 1981

†Eoastrapostylops riolorense Soria and Powell 1981

Fm. †Trigonostylopidae Ameghino 1901

G. †Albertogaudrya Ameghino 1901

†Albertogaudrya carahuasensis Carbajal et al. 1977

†Albertogaudrya robusta Roth 1904

†Albertogaudrya unica Ameghino 1901

Invalid names: Albertogaudrya oxygona Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Albertogaudrya regia Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Albertogaudrya separata Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Albertogaudrya tersa Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Scabellia cyclogona Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Scabellia laticincta Ameghino 1901 [synonym]

Invalid names: Scabellia Ameghino 1901 [synonym]

G. †Albertogaudryia

G. †Tetragonostylops Paula Couto 1963

†Tetragonostylops apthomasi Price and Paula Couto 1950

G. †Trigonostylops Ameghino 1897

†Trigonostylops wortmani Ameghino 1897

Invalid names: Trigonostylops columnifer Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Trigonostylops coryphodontoides Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Trigonostylops eximius Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops germinalis Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Trigonostylops hemicyclus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops insumptus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops integer Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops minimus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops scabellum Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops secundarius Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops subtrigonus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops trigonus Ameghino 1901 [synonym]

Invalid names: Chiodon Berg 1899 [synonym], Staurodon Roth 1899 [synonym], Trigonostylops gegenbauri Roth 1899 [nomen dubium]

Invalid names: Hedralophus Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium], Hedralophus bicostatus Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium], Seudenius Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Seudenius cteronc Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Shecenia Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Shecenia ctirneru Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Staurodon supernus Roth 1899 [nomen dubium], Trigonostylops duplex Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium]

Invalid names: Astrapotheroidea Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Blastoconus Roth 1903 [nomen dubium], Blastoconus robertsoni Roth 1904 [nomen dubium], Grypolophodon Roth 1903 [nomen vanum], Grypolophodon morenoi Roth 1904 [nomen vanum], Grypolophodon tuberculosis Roth 1904 [nomen vanum], Notorhinus Roth 1903 [nomen vanum], Notorhinus haroldi Roth 1904 [nomen vanum]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available