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Athyrididae
Taxonomy
Athyrididae was named by McCoy (1841).
It was assigned to Rostrospiracea by Hoare (1961); to Athyridacea by Rubel and Modzalevskaya (1967), Bassett and Cocks (1974), Brunton and Champion (1974) and Savage et al. (1978); to Athyroidea by Jin and Chatterton (1997); to Athyridoidea by Alvarez and Brunton (1993) and Musteikis and Modzalevskaya (2002); to Athyridoidea by Savage and Baxter (1995) and Williams et al. (2002); and to Athyridioidea by Shen et al. (2003).
It was assigned to Rostrospiracea by Hoare (1961); to Athyridacea by Rubel and Modzalevskaya (1967), Bassett and Cocks (1974), Brunton and Champion (1974) and Savage et al. (1978); to Athyroidea by Jin and Chatterton (1997); to Athyridoidea by Alvarez and Brunton (1993) and Musteikis and Modzalevskaya (2002); to Athyridoidea by Savage and Baxter (1995) and Williams et al. (2002); and to Athyridioidea by Shen et al. (2003).
Subtaxa
Athyridinae, Athyris naliensis, Athyrisininae, Baliqliqia, Cleiothyridininae, Comelicaniinae, Didymothyridinae, Helenathyridinae, Janicepsinae, Kintathyris, Lochengiinae, Mayangella, Pachyplaxoides, Plicathyridinae, Pradoiinae, Protathyridinae, Spirigerellinae, Tarimathyris, Transcaucasathyriinae, Xenosariinae
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1841 | Athyrididae McCoy p. 94 |
| 1944 | Athyris naliensis Reed p. 532 |
| 1961 | Athyridae Hoare p. 89 |
| 1967 | Athyrididae Rubel and Modzalevskaya |
| 1974 | Athyrididae Bassett and Cocks |
| 1974 | Athyrididae Brunton and Champion p. 828 |
| 1978 | Athyrididae Savage et al. p. 381 |
| 1993 | Athyrididae Alvarez and Brunton p. 310 |
| 1995 | Athyrididae Savage and Baxter p. 1039 |
| 1997 | Athyrididae Jin and Chatterton |
| 2002 | Athyrididae Musteikis and Modzalevskaya |
| 2002 | Athyrididae Williams et al. |
| 2003 | Athyrididae Shen et al. p. 248 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Athyrididae McCoy 1841
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Subfm. †Athyridinae M'Coy 1844
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G. †Alvarezites
G. †Athyris
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Subg. †Athyris (Cliothyris) King 1850
Subg. †Athyris (Seminula) M'Coy 1844
Subg. †Athyris (Spirigera)
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Subg. †Spirigera (Didymospira) Salomon 1895
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†Spirigera (Didymospira) stoppanii Salomon 1895
†Spirigera (Didymospira) undata Salomon 1895
†Spirigera borovacensis Kittl 1903
†Spirigera forojulensis Bittner 1890
†Spirigera kaihikuana Trechmann 1917
†Spirigera kittlii Bittner 1902
†Spirigera manzavinii Bittner 1891
†Spirigera manzavinioides Trechmann 1917
†Spirigera milesi Smith 1927
†Spirigera misolica Krumbeck 1913
†Spirigera monticola White 1874
†Spirigera oppelii Laube 1865
†Spirigera pseudodielasma Fliegel 1901
†Spirigera schloenbachii Laube 1865
†Spirigera sellaris Klipstein 1843
†Spirigera siljanensis Kittl 1903
†Spirigera stoliczkai Bittner 1899
†Spirigera subindistincta Krumbeck 1924
†Spirigera sufflata Verneuil 1855
†Spirigera tricupii Bittner 1892
†Spirigera wreyi Zittel 1864
†Athyris ambiguaeformis Waagen 1883
†Athyris angelica Hall 1861
†Athyris angulata Mansuy 1912
†Athyris bisulcata Jin and Hu 1982
†Athyris bradyensis Carter 1967
†Athyris cestriensis Snider 1915
†Athyris concentrica von Buch 1834
†Athyris damesi Fliegel 1901
†Athyris globularis Phillips 1835
†Athyris goniocolpos Frech 1912
†Athyris lamellosa Léveillé 1835
†Athyris mirabilis Zeng et al. 1995
†Athyris persinuata Meek 1877
†Athyris plicatiformis Jin and Hu 1982
†Athyris simulans Reed 1931
†Athyris spiriferoides Eaton 1831
†Athyris subquadrata Yang and Xu 1966
†Athyris xetra Diener 1915
G. †Gonathyris
G. †Imacanthyris
G. †Lamellosathyris
G. †Meristospira
G. †Pachyplax
G. †Protathyris
G. †Zonathyris
Subfm. †Cleiothyridininae Alvarez et al. 1998
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G. †Bajtugania Grunt 1980
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†Bajtugania boguchanica Solomina 1988
†Bajtugania duseevi Grunt 1991
†Bajtugania netschaevi Grunt 1980
G. †Cleiothyridina Buckman 1906
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†Athyris (Cleiothyridina) bajtuganensis Netschajew 1911
†Athyris (Cleiothyridina) epigona Abich 1878
†Athyris (Cleiothyridina) warchensis Reed 1944
†Cleiothyridina accola Reed 1944
†Cleiothyridina acutomarginalis Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina ailakensis Reed 1925
†Cleiothyridina anabathra Waterhouse 1968
†Cleiothyridina attenuata Cooper 1957
†Cleiothyridina bajkurica Chernyak 1963
†Cleiothyridina baracoodensis Etheridge Jr. 1903
†Cleiothyridina barbata Chronic 1949
†Cleiothyridina capillata Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina circularis Ustritsky 1960
†Cleiothyridina ciriacksi Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina corculum Lee and Su 1980
†Cleiothyridina dalmiriensis Reed 1944
†Cleiothyridina davidsoni Rigaux 1873
†Cleiothyridina deroissyi Leveille 1835
†Cleiothyridina dilimensis Grunt 1977
†Cleiothyridina echidniformis Waterhouse 1983
†Cleiothyridina excavata Grabau 1931
†Cleiothyridina glenparkensis Weller 1914
†Cleiothyridina globulina Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina grossula Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina hayasakai Tazawa 2010
†Cleiothyridina hirsuta Hall 1857
†Cleiothyridina interposita Reed 1944
†Cleiothyridina intonsa Chronic 1949
†Cleiothyridina laminosa Fang 1994
†Cleiothyridina laqueata Waterhouse 1968
†Cleiothyridina macleayana Etheridge Jr. 1889
†Cleiothyridina maynci Dunbar 1955
†Cleiothyridina milleri Savage et al. 1978
†Cleiothyridina mulsa Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina nana Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina nielseni Dunbar 1955
†Cleiothyridina nikolaevi Grunt 1977
†Cleiothyridina obmaxima McChesney 1861
†Cleiothyridina orbicularis McChesney 1859
†Cleiothyridina ovalis Shi and Archbold 1993
†Cleiothyridina pectinifera Sowerby 1841
†Cleiothyridina perthensis Archbold 1997
†Cleiothyridina pijaensis Waterhouse 1983
†Cleiothyridina pilularis Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina rara Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina rectimarginata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina saraiensis Reed 1944
†Cleiothyridina semiconcava Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina seriata Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina shenshuensis Lee and Su 1980
†Cleiothyridina simulans Reed 1931
†Cleiothyridina solovjevae Grunt 1977
†Cleiothyridina subexpansa Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina sublamellosa Hall 1858
†Cleiothyridina tenuilineata Rowley 1900
†Cleiothyridina tribulosa Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina tschironensis Kotlyar 1968
†Cleiothyridina uralica Grabau 1934
†Cleiothyridina xetriformis Reed 1944
†Cleiothyridina zhexiensis Liang 1982
Invalid names: Cleiothyridellina Waterhouse 1978 [synonym]
G. †Crinisarina
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†Crinisarina angelicoides Merriam 1940
†Crinisarina pseudoglobularis Serobyan et al. 2021
G. †Deltachania Waterhouse 1971
G. †Pinegathyris Grunt 1980
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†Pinegathyris alata Grunt 1980
†Pinegathyris kotlukovi Stepanov 1936
†Pinegathyris royssiana Keyserling 1846
†Pinegathyris shegmasensis Grunt 1980
†Pinegathyris stuckenbergi Netschajew 1911
G. †Rawdonia
Subfm. †Comelicaniinae Merla 1930
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G. †Comelicania Frech 1901
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†Comelicania haueri Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Comelicania avis Merla 1930 [synonym], Comelicania dalpiazi Merla 1930 [synonym], Comelicania vespertilio Merla 1930 [synonym]
†Comelicania megalotis Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Comelicania doryphora Merla 1930 [synonym], Comelicania rostrata Merla 1930 [synonym], Spirifer insanus Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirifer vultur Stache 1878 [synonym]
†Comelicania merlai Posenato 1998
Invalid names: Alatothyris Waterhouse and Gupta 1986 [synonym], Spitispirifer Waterhouse and Gupta 1986 [synonym]
Subfm. †Didymothyridinae Modzalevskaya 1979
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G. †Buchanathyris Talent 1956
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†Buchanathyris pulchra Talent 1963
†Buchanathyris westoni Talent 1956
G. †Didymothyris Rubel and Modzalevskaya 1967
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†Didymothyris biohermica Rubel 1967
†Didymothyris didyma Dalman 1828
†Didymothyris katriensis Rubel 1967
G. †Dogdathyris
G. †Greenfieldia
G. †Jarovathyris
G. †Svetlania Baranov 1982
Subfm. †Helenathyridinae Dagys 1974
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G. †Biernatella
G. †Eobiernatella
G. †Helenathyris
G. †Sphaerathyris
Subfm. †Janicepsinae Posenato 2001
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G. †Comelicothyris Posenato 2001
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†Comelicothyris laterosulcata Posenato 2001
†Comelicothyris recticardinis Merla 1930
G. †Janiceps Frech 1901
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†Janiceps bipartita Stache 1878
†Janiceps cadorica Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Athyris globulus Merla 1930 [synonym], Athyris humeralis Merla 1930 [synonym], Athyris irregularis Merla 1930 [synonym], Athyris sagitta Merla 1930 [synonym], Spirigera archimedis Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirigera confinalis Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirigera pusilla Stache 1878 [synonym]
†Janiceps emarginatiformis Grunt 1986
†Janiceps lozovskyi Grunt 1986
†Janiceps ogbinensis Grunt 1965
†Janiceps peracuta Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Spirifer sextensis Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirigera janiceps Stache 1878 [synonym]
Subfm. †Lochengiinae Ching and Yang 1977
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G. †Cryptospirifer Grabau 1931
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†Cryptospirifer omeishanensis Huang 1933
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Invalid names: Cryptospirifer iranica Nakamura and Golshani 1981 [synonym]
†Cryptospirifer orbicularis Tong 1978
†Cryptospirifer shawanensis Jin et al. 1974
†Cryptospirifer transversa Liu and Zhao 1982
G. †Galeatathyris
G. †Titanothyris Jin and Hu 1982
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†Titanothyris semiplicata Huang 1933
†Titanothyris striata Huang 1933
†Titanothyris striatus Huang 1933
†Titanothyris subplicata Hu and Jin 1982
G. †Mayangella Xiong 1990
G. †Pachyplaxoides Grunt and Racki 1998
Subfm. †Plicathyridinae Alvarez 1990
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G. †Anathyrella
G. †Anathyris
G. †Plicathyris Khalfin 1946
G. †Sulcathyris
Subfm. †Pradoiinae Garcia-Alcadle 1986
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G. †Dichozygopleura
G. †Guaxa
G. †Pradoia
G. †Quadriloba Alvarez et al. 1999
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†Quadriloba collettii Verneuil 1850
Invalid names: Tetraloba Alvarez et al. 1998 [replaced]
Subfm. †Spirigerellinae Grunt 1965
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G. †Araxathyris Grunt 1965
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†Araxathyris abichi Arthaber 1900
†Araxathyris beipeiensis Xu and Grant 1994
†Araxathyris bruntoni Angiolini and Carabelli 2010
†Araxathyris costalis Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris dilatatus Shen et al. 1992
†Araxathyris felina Arthaber 1900
†Araxathyris glossexserta Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris indentatus Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris jalaidensis Lee and Su 1980
†Araxathyris jiangyouensis Xu 1978
†Araxathyris longa Zhang and Jin 1961
†Araxathyris minor Wu et al. 2022
†Araxathyris protea Abich 1878
†Araxathyris quadrilobata Abich 1878
†Araxathyris rhombiformis Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris sinensis Shen et al. 2004
†Araxathyris timorensis Rothpletz 1892
†Araxathyris tongluensis Liang 1990
†Araxathyris undulata Shen et al. 1992
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Invalid names: Araxathyris pentagonalis Zeng et al. 1995 [synonym]
†Araxathyris yuananensis Yang 1977
†Athyris timorensis complanata Reed 1931
Invalid names: Spirigera subtilita armeniaca Arthaber 1900 [synonym]
G. †Cardiothyris
G. †Composita Brown 1849
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†Athyris (Composita) indosinensis Mansuy 1914
†Athyris (Composita) semirostrata Reed 1944
†Composita affinis Girty 1909
†Composita apheles Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita apsidata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita bamberi Shi and Waterhouse 1996
†Composita biforma Yang 1991
†Composita bucculenta Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita costata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita cracens Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita crassa Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita depressa Sun 1991
†Composita discina Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita elongata Dunbar and Condra 1932
†Composita emarginata Girty 1909
†Composita emarginata affinis Girty 1909
†Composita enormis Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita gigantea Branson 1930
†Composita girtyi Raymond 1911
†Composita globosa Weller 1914
†Composita grandis Cooper 1953
†Composita hapsida Stehli and Grant 1970
†Composita huagongensis Liao 1979
†Composita idahoensis Butts 2007
†Composita imbricata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita insulcata Zeng et al. 1995
†Composita jogensis Yanagida and Nishikawa 1984
†Composita laevis Weller 1914
†Composita lewisensis Weller 1914
†Composita magnicarina Campbell 1961
†Composita mexicana Hall 1857
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Invalid names: Composita arizonica McKee 1938 [synonym], Composita guadalupensis Girty 1909 [synonym], Composita parva Branson 1930 [synonym]
†Composita minuscula Chronic 1949
†Composita mira Girty 1899
†Composita misriensis Reed 1944
†Composita nucella Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita obesa Easton et al. 1958
†Composita ovata Mather 1915
†Composita parasulcata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita pikensis Carter 1968
†Composita pilula Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita plana Branson 1930
†Composita prospera Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita pyriformis Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita quadrirotunda Lee and Su 1980
†Composita quantilla Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita rotunda Snider 1915
†Composita sigma Gordon 1975
†Composita stalagmium Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita strongyle Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita subcircularis Brill 1940
†Composita subquadrata Hall 1858
†Composita subtilita Hall 1852
†Composita subtilita peruviana Chronic 1949
†Composita sulcata Weller 1914
†Composita tareica Chernyak 1963
†Composita tetralobata Hoare 1960
†Composita tobaensis Wang 1985
†Composita trinuclea Hall 1856
G. †Densalvus
G. †Iniathyris
G. †Planalvus Carter 1971
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†Planalvus cailliaudi Barrois 1889
†Planalvus densa Hall and Clarke 1894
†Planalvus gibberosa Carter 1971
†Planalvus rufus Racheboeuf et al. 1994
G. †Posicomta Grunt 1986
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†Posicomta advena Grant 1976
†Posicomta dolabrata Grant 1976
†Posicomta gundarensis Grunt 1986
†Posicomta subsolana Grant 1976
†Posicomta zaalaica Grunt 1986
G. †Pseudopentagonia
G. †Rectambitus Xu and Grant 1994
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†Rectambitus spondomarginata Shen et al. 2004
†Rectambitus subpentangulata Xu and Grant 1994
†Rectambitus xui Shen et al. 2004
G. †Septospirigerella Grunt 1965
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†Septospirigerella applanata Grunt 1986
†Septospirigerella baissalensis Grunt 1965
†Septospirigerella felinella Waterhouse 1983
†Septospirigerella geranossica Kotlyar 1989
†Septospirigerella grandis Kotlyar 1989
†Septospirigerella harrisoni Douglas 1950
†Septospirigerella lingula Xu 1978
†Septospirigerella megridagica Grunt 1965
†Septospirigerella ovata Xu 1978
G. †Spirigerella Waagen 1883
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†Athyrella grandis proteisimilis Renz 1912
†Spirigerella alata Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella alataeformis Schréter 1963
†Spirigerella bellistriata Zeng et al. 1995
†Spirigerella derbyi tonkinensis Frech 1911
†Spirigerella discors Reed 1944
†Spirigerella fusiformis Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella gigas Reed 1944
†Spirigerella grandis Davidson 1862
†Spirigerella heibayideensis Tong 1978
†Spirigerella media Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella mendungensis Lu 1978
†Spirigerella minuta Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella numismalis Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella numismalis longa Reed 1944
†Spirigerella obovata Reed 1944
†Spirigerella ovoidalis Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella paraliensis Reed 1944
†Spirigerella pertumida Diener 1897
†Spirigerella praelonga Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella praelonga carinata Reed 1931
†Spirigerella proxima Reed 1944
†Spirigerella rectimarginata Sun 1991
†Spirigerella subtriangularis Reed 1927
†Spirigerella subtriquetra Jin et al. 1974
†Spirigerella teseroi Chen 2006
Invalid names: Athyrella Renz 1912 [objective synonym]
G. †Tongzithyris Jin et al. 1974
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†Tongzithyris anshunensis Liao 1980
†Tongzithyris episulcata Jin et al. 1974
†Tongzithyris extensa Liao 1980
†Tongzithyris sichuanensis Xu 1987
G. †Tulathyris
G. †Uldziathyris
G. †Tarimathyris Chen and Shi 2006
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†Tarimathyris discusella Xu and Grant 1994
†Tarimathyris hotanensis Chen and Shi 2006
†Tarimathyris minima Ustritsky 1960
†Tarimathyris ovaloides Xu and Grant 1994
†Tarimathyris postambigua Ustritsky 1960
Subfm. †Transcaucasathyriinae Angiolini and Carabelli 2010
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G. †Juxathyris Liang 1990
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†Juxathyris abrupta Liang 1990
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Invalid names: Araxathyris zhinanensis Liang 1990 [synonym], Composita corpuscula Liang 1990 [synonym], Juxathyris parorbicularis Liang 1990 [synonym], Juxathyris placodepressa Liang 1990 [synonym]
†Juxathyris apionucula Liang 1990
†Juxathyris bisulcata Liao 1980
†Juxathyris bisulcatum Lu 1982
†Juxathyris doliformis Liang 1990
†Juxathyris elongata Jin and Ye 1979
†Juxathyris gaoqiaoensis Lu 1978
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Invalid names: Spirigerella gaojiaoensis Lu 1982 [objective synonym]
†Juxathyris linguformis Liang 1990
†Juxathyris mongoliensis Grabau 1931
†Juxathyris obesa Huang 1933
†Juxathyris omeishanensis Huang 1933
†Juxathyris orbiculariformis Lu 1982
†Juxathyris pinguis Tong 1978
†Juxathyris rectimarginalis Shen et al. 1992
†Juxathyris shuizhutangensis Zhan 1979
†Juxathyris subcircularis Wu et al. 2018
Invalid names: Athyris rhynchonelloides Jin and Ye 1979 [nomen dubium], Spirigerella disulcata Lu 1978 [nomen dubium], Spirigerella gulingensis Lu 1978 [nomen dubium], Spirigerella leshanensis Lu 1978 [nomen dubium]
G. †Transcaucasathyris Shen et al. 2004
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†Araxathyris araxensis minor Grunt 1965
†Transcaucasathyris araxensis Grunt 1965
†Transcaucasathyris kandevani Fantini Sestini and Glaus 1966
†Transcaucasathyris lata Grunt 1965
†Transcaucasathyris minor Grunt 1965
Subfm. †Xenosariinae Cooper and Grant 1976
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G. †Xenosaria Cooper and Grant 1976
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†Xenosaria exotica Cooper and Grant 1976
†Xenosaria tenuis Shen and Clapham 2009
Invalid names: Athyris naliensis Reed 1944 [nomen nudum], Protathyridinae Boucot et al. 1964 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available