PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Myophiurina

Ophiuroidea

Taxonomy

Myophiuroida was named by Matsumoto (1915). It is extant.

It was reranked as the suborder Myophiurina by Lehmann (1957), Owen (1965), Mostler and Krainer (1993); it was misspelled as Miophiurina by Krainer and Mostler (1997), O'Hara et al. (2018), Thuy et al. (2021).

It was assigned to Ophiurida by Lehmann (1957), Owen (1965), Mostler and Krainer (1993), Krainer and Mostler (1997); and to Ophiuroidea by Matsumoto (1915), O'Hara et al. (2018), Thuy et al. (2021).

Subtaxa

Metophiurida, Ophiuricae

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1915	Myophiuroida Matsumoto p. 45
1957	Myophiurina Lehmann p. 74
1965	Myophiurina Owen p. 558
1993	Myophiurina Mostler and Krainer p. 37
1997	Miophiurina Krainer and Mostler p. 19
2018	Myophiuroidea O'Hara et al. p. 6
2021	Myophiurida Thuy et al. p. 372

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
—	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Eleutherozoa
—	Asterozoa	()
class	Ophiuroidea
suborder	Myophiurina	()
suborder	Myophiurina	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. Myophiurina Matsumoto 1915

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Infracl. Metophiurida Matsumoto 1913

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Superor. Euryophiurida O'Hara et al. 2017

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Or. Euryalida Lamarck 1816 [basket star]

Fm. Asteronychidae Müller and Troschel 1840

G. Asteronyx Müller and Troschel 1842

Fm. Euryalidae Gray 1840

G. Euryale Oken 1815

G. Trichaster Agassiz 1836

Fm. Gorgonocephalidae Ljungman 1867

G. Astrodendrum Döderlein 1911

G. Astrophyton Fleming 1828

Invalid names: Gorgonocephalinae Döderlein 1911 [empty]

Or. Ophiurida Müller and Troschel 1840

Subor. Chilophiurina Matsumoto 1915

Fm. †Aganasteridae Stürtz 1899

Fm. †Dermocomidae Hess 1972

Fm. †Ophiurinidae Gregory 1897

Infraor. Chilophiurina Matsumoto 1915

Fm. †Aplocomidae Hess 1965

G. †Dolicharthra Berry 1938

†Dolicharthra bemelenica Berry 1938

Infraor. Gnathophiurina Matsumoto 1915

Invalid names: Gnathophiuridea Matsumoto 1915 [empty]

Subor. Ophiomusina O'Hara et al. 2017

Fm. Ophiosphalmidae O'Hara et al. 2018

Invalid names: Ophiomusaidae O'Hara et al. 2018 [empty]

G. †Ophiuricoma Valette 1929

†Ophiuricoma mazenoti Valette 1929

Subor. Ophiurina Müller and Troschel 1840

Infraor. Hemieuryalina Verrill 1899

Fm. Ophiopyrgidae Perrier 1893

Fm. Ophiuridae Lyman 1865

Invalid names: Astrophiuridae Sladen 1879 [empty]

G. †Plathyarthra Berry 1938

Invalid names: Acroura Agassiz 1836 [nomen dubium], Laemophiurina Matsumoto 1915 [empty], Ophioderma asteriformis Picard 1887 [nomen dubium], Ophioderma bonnardi Oppel 1864 [nomen dubium], Ophiolepidina Ljungman 1867 [empty], Ophiolepis damesi Wright 1874 [nomen dubium], Ophiolepis estarensis Barbier et al. 1957 [nomen dubium], Ophiomyxina Fell 1962 [empty], Ophiurites rhaeticus Laugier 1961 [nomen dubium]

Superor. Ophintegrida O'Hara et al. 2017

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Or. Amphilepidida O'Hara et al. 2017

Subor. Gnathophiurina Matsumoto 1915

Superfm. Amphiuroidea Ljungman 1867

Superfm. Ophiactoidea Matsumoto 1915

Subor. Ophionereidina O'Hara et al. 2017

Superfm. Ophiolepidoidea Ljungman 1867

Superfm. Ophionereidoidea Ljungman 1867

Subor. Ophiopsilina Matsumoto 1915

Superfm. Ophiopsiloidea Matsumoto 1915

Or. Ophiacanthida O'Hara et al. 2017

Subor. Ophiacanthina O'Hara et al. 2017

Fm. Ophiacanthidae Perrier 1893

Invalid names: Ophiocanopidae Mortensen 1933 [synonym]

Fm. Ophiobyrsidae Matsumoto 1915

Fm. Ophiocamacidae O'Hara et al. 2018

Infraor. Ophiodermatina Smith et al. 1995

Fm. Ophiotomidae Paterson 1985

Invalid names: Ophiotretidae O'Hara et al. 2017 [synonym]

Invalid names: Clarkcomidae O'Hara et al. 2018 [empty], Ophiopteridae O'Hara et al. 2018 [empty]

Or. Ophioleucida O'Hara et al. 2017

G. †Triadoleucella Ishida et al. 2023

†Triadoleucella meensis Ishida et al. 2023

Invalid names: Ophiernidae O'Hara et al. 2018 [empty], Ophioleucidae Matsumoto 1915 [empty]

Or. Ophioscolecida O'Hara et al. 2017

Fm. Ophioscolecidae Lütken 1869

G. Ophioscolex Müller and Troschel 1842

Invalid names: Ophiohelidae Perrier 1893 [empty]

G. †Ophiosuperstes Maxwell and Pruss 2021

†Ophiosuperstes praeparvus Maxwell and Pruss 2021

Superfm. †Ophiuricae Lehmann 1957

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G. †Ophiocapillus Krainer and Mostler 1997

G. †Ophioliassica Mostler and Krainer 1993

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†Ophioliassica baloghi Mostler and Krainer 1993

†Ophioliassica ingridae Mostler and Krainer 1993

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
H. Matsumoto 1915	Ophiuroidea without external ambulacral grooves, and with ventral arm plates. Radial shields, genital plates and scales, oral shields and dorsal arm plates usually present; but sometimes rudimentary or absent. Ambulacral plates opposite, usually completely soldered in pairs to form the vertebrz. Madreporite represented by one, or sometimes all, of the oral shields.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calcitec

Ontogeny:

accretion, addition of partsp

Environment:

marinec

Locomotion:

slow-movingc

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalc

Diet:

detritivorec

Diet 2:

suspension feederc

Vision:

blindc

Dispersal:

waterp

Dispersal 2:

planktonicp

Created:

2004-02-29 11:30:09

Modified:

2010-02-12 01:58:57

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Emsian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 410.62000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 399.5 Ma

Collections (327 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Early/Lower Devonian	419.62 - 393.47	Argentina (Jachal)	Argentinaster bodenbenderi (39230)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	Germany	Ophiurina lymani (26904)
Famennian	372.15 - 358.86	Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen)	Stephanoura belgica (38276 38277 38335)
Late/Upper Famennian	365.2 - 358.86	Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen)	Ophiaulax decheni, Stephanoura belgica (127756) Stephanoura belgica (127753 127755)
Tournaisian	358.86 - 346.7	Poland	Aganaster jagiellonicus (64633)
Chadian - Arundian	346.7 - 339.9	USA (Indiana)	Aganaster gregarius (699 8115 8127 8132 8133) Aganaster sp. (556)
Asselian	298.9 - 293.52	USA (Oklahoma)	Ophiuraster burrisi (94603)
Sakmarian	293.52 - 290.1	USA (Kansas)	Ophiuraster burrisi (94602)
Artinskian	290.1 - 283.3	USA (Nevada)	Archaeophiomusium burrisi, Archaeophiomusium bispinosum (97421)
Kungurian	283.3 - 274.4	USA (Nevada)	Archaeophiomusium burrisi (38745 38826 38827)
Kungurian	283.3 - 274.4	Venezuela (Trujillo)	Archaeophiomusium andinum (95255)
Noginskian	276.8 - 264.9	USA (Kansas)	Ophiuraster burrisi (94604)
Capitanian	264.28 - 259.51	China (Fujian)	Aganaster fujianensis (97427) Ophioderma huaanensis (120773)
Wuchiapingian	259.51 - 254.14	China (Guizhou)	Syntomospina kaiyangensis (32498)
Changhsingian	254.14 - 251.902	China (Guizhou)	Ophioderma qingchangensis (32497)
Changhsingian	254.14 - 251.902	China (Zhejiang)	Huangzhishania permotriassica (60533)
Griesbachian	251.902 - 250.5	Italy	Praeaplocoma sp. (61804)
Griesbachian	251.902 - 250.5	China (Zhejiang)	Huangzhishania permotriassica (105220 105221)
Griesbachian	251.902 - 250.5	Pakistan	Aplocoma torrii (110936)
Griesbachian	251.902 - 250.5	China (Guizhou)	Ophioderma schistovertebrata (146272)