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Conulatae
Taxonomy
Conulata was named by Moore and Harrington (1956).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Conulatae by Van Iten et al. (2014).
It was assigned to Cnidaria by Conway Morris and Menge (1992); and to Paleoscyphozoa by Van Iten et al. (2014).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Conulatae by Van Iten et al. (2014).
It was assigned to Cnidaria by Conway Morris and Menge (1992); and to Paleoscyphozoa by Van Iten et al. (2014).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1956 | Conulata Moore and Harrington |
| 1992 | Conulata Conway Morris and Menge p. 387 |
| 2014 | Conulatae Van Iten et al. p. 678 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. †Conulatae Moore and Harrington 1956
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Or. †Conulariida Miller and Gurley 1896
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Subor. †Conchopeltina Moore and Harrington 1956
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Subor. †Conulariina Miller and Gurley 1896
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Fm. †Conulariidae Walcott 1886
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G. †Anaconularia Sinclair 1952
G. †Archaeoconularia Boucek 1939
G. †Baccaconularia Hughes et al. 2000
Subfm. †Conulariinae Walcott 1886
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G. †Conularia Miller 1820
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Invalid names: Plectoconularia Boucek 1939 [objective synonym], Yangoconularia Xu and Li 1985 [synonym]
G. †Diconularia Sinclair 1952
G. †Palaenigma
G. †Exoconularia Sinclair 1952
G. †Mesoconularia
G. †Notoconularia Thomas 1969
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†Notoconularia inornata Dana 1849
†Notoconularia levigata Morris 1845
†Notoconularia tenuistriata M'Coy 1847
G. †Paraconularia
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†Paraconularia abagaensis Min et al. 2022
†Paraconularia acuminata de Mariñelarena 1970
†Paraconularia arctica Babcock 1988
†Paraconularia caledonica Campbell 1984
†Paraconularia derwentensis Johnston 1887
†Paraconularia hollebeni Geinitz 1853
†Paraconularia kazanensis Weldon and Shi 2003
†Paraconularia laskeri Sahni and Srivastava 1956
†Paraconularia leonardensis Finks 1955
†Paraconularia margaritae Babcock 1988
†Paraconularia matauraensis Waterhouse 1979
†Paraconularia nefarius Campbell 1962
†Paraconularia ornata Waterhouse 1979
†Paraconularia pulcheria de Mariñelarena 1970
†Paraconularia punjabica Reed 1936
†Paraconularia qinglongensis Zhu 1985
†Paraconularia salaria Reed 1936
†Paraconularia spatia Waterhouse 1986
†Paraconularia sueroi de Mariñelarena 1970
†Paraconularia tepuelensis de Mariñelarena 1970
†Paraconularia torta M'Coy 1847
†Paraconularia warthi Waagen 1891
†Paraconularia yichunensis Zhu 1985
†Paraconularia zhongyingensis Zhu 1985
Subfm. †Paraconulariinae Sinclair 1952
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G. †Cheliconularia Waterhouse 1986
G. †Flectoconularia Waterhouse 1979
G. †Gondaconularia Waterhouse 1986
G. †Pseudoconularia
Fm. †Conulariopsidae Sugiyama 1942
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G. †Vendoconularia Ivantsov and Fedonkin 2002
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†Vendoconularia triradiata Ivantsov and Fedonkin 2002
Or. †Conularina Miller and Gurley 1896
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Fm. †Carinachitidae He 1987
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G. †Carinachites Qian 1977
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†Carinachites absidatus Jiang 1982
†Carinachites curvatornatus Chen 1982
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Invalid names: Carinachites tetrastichus Zhong 1977 [synonym], Paraconularoides cancellatus He 1984 [synonym], Paraconularoides rhomboidalis He 1984 [synonym]
†Carinachites platus Liu et al. 2005
†Carinachites tetrasulcatus Jiang 1982
Invalid names: Mabianoconullus [synonym]
G. †Emeiconularia Qian et al. 1997
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†Emeiconularia amplicanalis Liu et al. 2005
†Emeiconularia trigemme Qian et al. 1997
Fm. †Hexangulaconulariidae He 1987
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G. †Arthrochites Chen 1982
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†Arthrochites emeishanensis Chen 1982
Invalid names: Primaconulariella [synonym], Sacciella He 1984 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class | |||||
| Reference: Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Collections (455 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ediacaran | Brazil | Paraconularia sp. (237533) | |
| Ediacaran | Russian Federation | Vendoconularia triradiata (10759) | |
| Jinnigian | China (Yunnan) | Arthrochites emeishanensis (201524) Hexaconularia sichuanensis (201533 201537 201538 201539) | |
| Manykaian | China (Sichuan) | Carinachites tetrasulcatus, Carinachites curvatornatus, Arthrochites emeishanensis (7818) | |
| Manykaian | China (Shaanxi) | Hexaconularia sichuanensis (7819) | |
| Nemakit-Daldynian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | Arthrochites emeishanensis (50419) | |
| Nemakit-Daldynian | China (Shaanxi) | Carinachites tetrasulcatus, Carinachites curvatornatus, Arthrochites emeishanensis (86619) Hexaconularia sp. (86554 86555 86561 86566 86567 86568) | |
| Nemakit-Daldynian | China (Sichuan) | Arthrochites emeishanensis (232840) Quadrosiphogonuchites curvatornatus, Arthrochites emeishanensis (232842) Quadrosiphogonuchites curvatornatus, Arthrochites emeishanensis, Hexaconularia formosa (232841) | |
| Early/Lower Cambrian | China (Shaanxi) | Hexaconularia sichuanensis (86585 86586 86587 86588 86589 86590 86591 86592 86593) | |
| Meishucunian | China (Sichuan) | Carinachites quadratus, Carinachites curvatornatus, Arthrochites emeishanensis, Emeiconularia trigemme (108312) Conulariella sp., Hexaconularia sp. (107389) Paraconularoides cancellatus, Paraconularoides rhomboidalis, Sacciella pupiformis (107390) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Spathian | Japan | Conulariopsis quadrata (132574) | |
| Middle Triassic | New Zealand | Conularia sp. (61460) | |
| Ladinian - Carnian | New Zealand | Conularia sp. (201925) | |
| Carnian | New Zealand | Conularia sp. (201935) Flectoconularia abapertura (120252 120254) | |
| Oretian | New Zealand | Conulariidae indet. (120255) | |
| Otamitan | New Zealand | Flectoconularia abapertura (120253) | |
| Otamitan | New Zealand (Southland) | Paraconularia matauraensis (120250) | |
| Otapirian | New Caledonia | Paraconularia matauraensis (133770 133784 178162) | |
| Otapirian | New Zealand (Southland) | Paraconularia matauraensis (120249 120251) | |
| Rhaetian | New Zealand | Paraconularia sp. (50760) | |