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Bethylidae (flat wasp)

Insecta - Hymenoptera - Bethylidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1856Bethylidae Forster p. 95
1914Epyrinae Kieffer
1988Epyrinae Sorg p. 72
1992Bethylidae Carpenter
1999Bethylidae Brothers p. 243
2002Fushunochrysidae Hong p. 314
2007Bethylidae Sharkey
2014Bethylidae Antropov p. 394
2014Bethylidae McKellar and Engel p. 436
2016Bethylidae Cockx et al. p. 4
2016Bethylidae Engel et al. p. 4
2022Bethylidae Brazidec and Perrichot p. 700

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
—Deuteropoda
—Mandibulata
—PancrustaceaZrzavý and Štys 1997
—AltocrustaceaRegier et al. 2010
superclassAllotriocarida
—Athalassocarida
—LabiocaridaSchwentner et al. 2017
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
—Cercofilata
RankNameAuthor
classInsecta
—Dicondylia
—Paranotalia
subclassPterygota()
—NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
—Holometabola
—Hymenopterida
orderHymenoptera
—Unicalcarida
suborderApocritaGerstaecker 1867
—Aculeata()
superfamilyChrysidoidea
familyBethylidaeForster 1856
familyBethylidaeForster 1856

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Bethylidae Forster 1856 [flat wasp]
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Subfm. Bethylinae Halliday 1840
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G. Bethylus Latreille 1802
G. †Crassibethylus Barbosa and Melo 2023
+
†Crassibethylus dominicanus Barbosa and Melo 2023
G. †Cretobethylellus Rasnitsyn 1990
+
†Cretobethylellus lucidus Rasnitsyn 1990
G. Eupsenella Westwood 1874
+
†Eupsenella aulax Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Eupsenella eocenica De Ploëg and Nel 2004
†Eupsenella klesoviana Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Eupsenella rossica Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Eupsenella yantarnica Ramos and Azevedo 2014
Invalid names: Eupsenella neoeocenica Ramos and Azevedo 2018 [nomen nudum], Eupsenella neohongi Ramos and Azevedo 2018 [nomen nudum], Fushunochrysites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Protobethylus De Ploëg and Nel 2004 [synonym], Sinibethylus Hong 2002 [nomen nudum]
G. Goniozus Förster 1856
+
†Goniozus antiquus Olmi 2005
†Goniozus contractus Brues 1933
†Goniozus copalinus Meunier 1916
†Goniozus cotyi Brazidec and Perrichot 2022
†Goniozus definitus Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Goniozus respectus Sorg 1988
Invalid names: Messoria Meunier 1916 [synonym], Perisierola Kieffer 1914 [synonym], Pterosclerogibba Olmi 2005 [synonym]
G. Lytopsenella Kieffer 1911
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†Lytopsenella baltica Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Lytopsenella crastina Brues 1923
†Lytopsenella maritima Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Lytopsenella setigera Brues 1923
†Lytopsenella simplex Brues 1923
G. †Nucifrangibulum Cockx et al. 2016
+
†Nucifrangibulum carentonensis Cockx et al. 2016
G. Prosierola Kieffer 1905
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†Prosierola submersa Brues 1933
G. Sierola Cameron 1881
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†Sierola colomboi Brazidec and Perrichot 2022
†Sierola hastata Sorg 1988
†Sierola rovniana Ramos and Azevedo 2014
Subfm. †Cretabythinae Brazidec et al. 2023
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G. †Cretabythus Evans 1973
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†Cretabythus sibiricus Evans 1973
G. †Holopsenelliscus Engel 2019
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G. †Megalopsenella Jouault et al. 2020
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†Megalopsenella pouilloni Jouault et al. 2020
Subfm. †Elektroepyrinae Colombo and Azevedo 2020
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G. †Elektroepyris Perrichot and Nel 2008
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†Elektroepyris magnificus Perrichot and Nel 2008
Subfm. Epyrinae Kieffer 1914
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G. Anisepyris Kieffer 1905
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†Anisepyris gradates Sorg 1988
†Anisepyris gradatus Sorg 1988
G. Bakeriella Kieffer 1910
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†Bakeriella nanyhelae Brazidec and Perrichot 2022
G. Calyoza Westwood 1837
+
+
Invalid names: Calyoza ramosa Meunier 1906 [synonym]
Invalid names: Artiepyris Kieffer 1913 [synonym]
G. Chlorepyris Kieffer 1913
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†Chlorepyris concaptus Brues 1933
†Chlorepyris deploegi Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris engeli Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris gallicus Perrichot and Nel 2008
†Chlorepyris hopei Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris invelatus Brues 1933
†Chlorepyris jouaulti Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris mckellari Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris meunieri Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris neli Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris perrichoti Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Chlorepyris setosus Brues 1933
G. Dolus Motschulsky 1863
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Invalid names: Homoglenus Kieffer 1904 [synonym]
G. Epyris Westwood 1832
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†Epyris deletus Brues 1910
†Epyris kiefferi Brues 1933
†Epyris moulyi Falieres and Nel 2018
†Epyris rectinervis Cockerell 1921
†Epyris tenellus Statz 1938
Invalid names: Isobrachium Forster 1856 [synonym], Rhabdepyris Kieffer 1904 [synonym]
G. †Gloxinius Colombo and Azevedo 2021
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†Gloxinius bifossatus Brues 1939
G. Holepyris Kieffer 1904
G. Laelius Ashmead 1893
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†Laelius pallidus Brues 1933
†Laelius preteritus Barbosa and Azevedo 2013
†Laelius rovnensis Barbosa and Azevedo 2013
G. Rysepyris Kieffer 1906
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†Rysepyris minor Brues 1939
†Rysepyris neodubius Azevedo 2018
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Invalid names: Misepyris dubius Brues 1933 [replaced]
†Rysepyris planiceps Brues 1933
†Rysepyris precursor Brues 1933
†Rysepyris rasnitsyni Colombo and Azevedo 2021
†Rysepyris robustus Brues 1933
†Rysepyris terayamai Colombo and Azevedo 2021
Invalid names: Misepyris Kieffer 1913 [synonym]
Subfm. †Lancepyrinae Azevedo and Azar 2012
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G. †Archaepyris Evans 1973
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†Archaepyris minutus Evans 1973
G. †Azepyris Brazidec et al. 2023
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†Azepyris delamarrei Brazidec et al. 2023
G. †Burmapyris Jouault et al. 2021
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†Burmapyris azevedoi Jouault et al. 2021
†Burmapyris ohmkuhnlei Brazidec et al. 2023
G. †Cretepyris Ortega-Blanco and Engel 2013
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†Cretepyris martini Ortega-Blanco and Engel 2013
G. †Gwesped Brazidec et al. 2023
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†Gwesped groehni Brazidec et al. 2023
G. †Lancepyris Azevedo and Azar 2012
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†Lancepyris opertus Azevedo and Azar 2012
G. †Liztor Ortega-Blanco and Engel 2013
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†Liztor pilosus Ortega-Blanco and Engel 2013
G. †Paralanceis Brazidec et al. 2023
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†Paralanceis chotardi Brazidec et al. 2023
G. †Protopyris Jouault and Nel 2021
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†Protopyris myanmarensis Jouault and Nel 2021
G. †Yunbayin Brazidec et al. 2023
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†Yunbayin rossei Brazidec et al. 2023
G. †Zophepyris Engel et al. 2016
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†Zophepyris alavaensis Ortega-Blanco and Engel 2013
Subfm. Mesitiinae Kieffer 1914
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G. Mesitius Spinola 1851
G. †Nadezhdabythus Zhang et al. 2020
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†Nadezhdabythus burmensis Zhang et al. 2020
Subfm. Pristocerinae Mocsary 1881
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G. †Ajkanesia Szabó and Brazidec 2022
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†Ajkanesia harmincipsziloni Szabó and Brazidec 2022
G. Apenesia Westwood 1874
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†Apenesia miki Terayama 2004
Invalid names: Archaeopristocera Terayama 2004 [synonym]
G. Cleistepyris Kieffer 1910
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†Cleistepyris allosaurus Colombo et al. 2020
†Cleistepyris baryonyx Colombo et al. 2020
G. Dissomphalus Ashmead 1893
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†Dissomphalus schubnelli Falières and Nel 2020
G. †Ekaterina Colombo et al. 2020
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†Ekaterina volgatitan Colombo et al. 2020
G. Eleganesia Alencar and Azevedo 2018
G. †Eopristocera Falières and Nel 2019
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†Eopristocera bilobata Falières and Nel 2019
G. Foenobethylus Kieffer 1913
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†Foenobethylus electriphilus Cockerell 1917
G. †Merascylla Colombo and Azevedo 2021
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†Merascylla atavella Cockerell 1920
G. Parascleroderma Kieffer 1904
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†Parascleroderma palaeosinica Brazidec and Perrichot 2022
G. Pristocera Klug 1808
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†Pristocera alaini Falières and Nel 2019
†Pristocera skwarrae Brues 1933
Invalid names: Parapristocera Brues 1933 [synonym]
G. Pseudisobrachium Kieffer 1904
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†Pseudisobrachium megalosaurus Colombo et al. 2020
†Pseudisobrachium stegosaurus Colombo et al. 2020
G. †Uniceratops Colombo et al. 2020
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†Uniceratops trex Colombo et al. 2020
Subfm. †Protopristocerinae Nagy 1974
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G. †Bethylitella Cockerell 1917
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†Bethylitella cylindrella Cockerell 1917
G. †Bethylopteron Brues 1933
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†Bethylopteron ambiguum Brues 1933
G. †Cretapristocera Jouault et al. 2020
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†Cretapristocera longiscapa Jouault et al. 2020
G. †Gynopteron Falières and Nel 2019
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†Gynopteron inexpectatus Falières and Nel 2019
G. †Protopristocera Brues 1923
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†Protopristocera sucini Brues 1923
G. †Ramageoptera Jouault and Brazidec 2021
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†Ramageoptera platycephala Jouault and Brazidec 2021
Subfm. Scleroderminae Kieffer 1914
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G. Allobethylus Kieffer 1905
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†Allobethylus bei Colombo and Azevedo 2019
G. Alongatepyris Azevedo 1992
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†Alongatepyris pedrocai Colombo and Azevedo 2022
G. †Amissidigitus Szabó and Brazidec 2022
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†Amissidigitus belae Szabó and Brazidec 2022
G. †Archaeonoxus Colombo and Azevedo 2019
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†Archaeonoxus scintillatus Colombo and Azevedo 2019
G. †Celonophamia Evans 1973
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†Celonophamia granama McKellar and Engel 2014
†Celonophamia taimyria Evans 1973
G. Glenosema Kieffer 1905
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†Glenosema electrum Colombo and Azevedo 2019
G. †Mael Colombo and Azevedo 2021
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†Mael longiceps Brues 1923
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Invalid names: Epyris neolongiceps Azevedo 2018 [objective synonym]
G. Nothepyris Evans 1973
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†Nothepyris pretiosus Colombo and Azevedo 2019
G. †Paleoscleroderma Falières and Nel 2019
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†Paleoscleroderma lamarrei Falières and Nel 2019
G. Plastanoxus Kieffer 1905
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†Plastanoxus atrescens Sorg 1988
G. Sclerodermus Latreille 1809
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†Sclerodermus quadridentatum Cockerell 1917
†Sclerodermus quadridentatus Cockerell 1917
G. Solepyris Azevedo 2006
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†Solepyris electromexicanus Brazidec and Perrichot 2022
G. †Voronknoxus Colombo and Perkovsky 2022
+
†Voronknoxus zerovae Colombo and Perkovsky 2022
Invalid names: Epyrinae Kieffer 1914 [invalid subgroup], Fushunochrysidae Hong 2002 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Environment: terrestrialc
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Barremian to the top of the Holocene or 125.77000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 121.4 Ma

Collections (54 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4Lebanon Lancepyris opertus (138801)
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4Spain Bethylidae indet. (104052)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Russian Federation Cretobethylellus lucidus (124811)
Early/Lower Albian113.2 - 110.1Myanmar (Sagaing) Azepyris delamarrei (229858) Paralanceis chotardi, Yunbayin rossei (215115)
Albian113.2 - 100.5Jordan Bethylidae indet. (124847)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5Spain (Álava) Lancepyris alavaensis, Liztor pilosus, Cretepyris martini (108769)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Myanmar Apenesia electriphila, Bethylitella cylindrella, Epyris atavellus, Scleroderma quadridentatum (123020) Burmapyris azevedoi, Protopyris myanmarensis, Cretapristocera longiscapa, Ramageoptera platycephala, Burmapyris ohmkuhnlei, Yunbayin rossei (179227) Gwesped groehni (172900) Holopsenelliscus pankowskiorum (123116) Hukawngepyris setosus (184841) Megalopsenella pouilloni (212258) Nadezhdabythus burmensis (161726)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9France (Poitou-Charentes) Bethylidae indet., Nucifrangibulum carentonensis (161514)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Myanmar (Kachin) Uniceratops trex (221971)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6Russian Federation Archaepyris minutus, Celonophamia taimyria, Ekaterina volgatitan (35056) Cretabythus sibiricus, Archaepyris minutus (122590)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Hungary Ajkanesia harmincipsziloni, Amissidigitus belae (224054)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (Alberta) Bethylidae indet., Celonophamia granama (122383)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07France (Oise) Protobethylus eocenicus, Epyrini indet., Rhabdepyris gallicus, Elektroepyris magnificus, Paleoscleroderma lamarrei, Pristocera alaini, Dissomphalus schubnelli, Epyris moulyi, Eopristocera sp., Eopristocera bilobata, Gynopteron inexpectatus (123850)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07China (Liaoning) Fushunochrysites eocenicus (124530) Sinibethylus eocenicus (124820)
Bridgerian50.5 - 46.2USA (Colorado) Eupsenella sp. (229578)
MP 1348.07 - 41.03Germany (Eifel) Bethylidae indet. (135641)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Mesitius rectinervis (123959)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Denmark Holepyris sp., Sclerodermini indet., Pristocerinae indet., Sierola hastata, Plastanoxus atrescens (123762)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Ukraine Chlorepyris neli, Cleistepyris allosaurus (113621) Laelius rovnensis, Laelius preteritus, Lytopsenella kerneggeri, Eupsenella aulax, Eupsenella klesoviana, Sierola rovniana, Chlorepyris deploegi, Chlorepyris jouaulti, Chlorepyris mckellari, Holepyris terayamai, Pseudisobrachium megalosaurus, Pseudisobrachium stegosaurus (122997) Voronknoxus zerovae (216854)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Russian Federation Lytopsenella crastina, Epyrinae indet. (173264)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) Allobethylus bei (219707) Calyoza longiceps, Protopristocera sucini, Epyris inhabilis, Sierola simplex, Sierola setigera, Sierola crastina, Bethylopteron ambiguum, Parapristocera skwarrae, Eupsenella setigera, Eupsenella simplex, Eupsenella crastina, Prosierola submersa, Perisierola contracta, Artiepyris kiefferi, Misepyris robustus, Misepyris dubius, Holepyris planiceps, Holepyris precursor, Isobrachium concaptum, Isobrachium invelatum, Rhabdepyris setosus, Rhabdepyris elatus, Laelius pallidus (123927) Eupsenella aulax, Lytopsenella baltica, Lytopsenella maritima (160471) Eupsenella crastina (127170) Goniozus definitus (120610) Lytopsenella crastina (124318) Lytopsenella kerneggeri (138800) Lytopsenella kerneggeri, Eupsenella rossica, Eupsenella yantarnica, Chlorepyris engeli, Chlorepyris hopei, Chlorepyris meunieri, Chlorepyris perrichoti, Holepyris rasnitsyni, Archaeonoxus scintillatus, Glenosema electrum, Nothepyris pretiosus, Cleistepyris baryonyx (122591) Misepyris minor, Homoglenus bifossatus (124205)
Chadronian37.0 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Bethylidae indet. (122976) Epyris deletus (123119)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) Epyris tenellus (122010)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Mexico (Chiapas) Goniozus cotyi, Bakeriella nanyhelae, Solepyris electromexicanus (225741)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.45 - 13.82Dominican Republic Alongatepyris pedrocai (229461) Archaeopristocera miki (151097) Crassibethylus dominicanus (203120) Goniozus respectus, Epyrinae indet., Anisepyris gradatus (146557) Pterosclerogibba antiqua (122472)
Langhian15.98 - 13.82China (Fujian) Sierola colomboi, Parascleroderma palaeosinica (220273)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Tanzania Bethylidae indet. (234540) Calyoza ramosa (140788) Calyoza staphylinoides (165051)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Madagascar Messoria copalina (151372)