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Raphidiomorpha

Insecta - Raphidioptera

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2002Raphidiomorpha Engel
2007Raphidiomorpha Perrichot and Engel p. 2
2011Raphidiomorpha Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger p. 230
2018Raphidiomorpha Engel et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
—Deuteropoda
—Mandibulata
—PancrustaceaZrzavý and Štys 1997
—AltocrustaceaRegier et al. 2010
superclassAllotriocarida
—Athalassocarida
—LabiocaridaSchwentner et al. 2017
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
RankNameAuthor
—Cercofilata
classInsecta
—Dicondylia
—Paranotalia
subclassPterygota()
—NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
—Holometabola
—Aparaglossata
—Neuropteriformia
superorderNeuropterida
orderRaphidioptera()
suborderRaphidiomorpha
suborderRaphidiomorpha

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. Raphidiomorpha Engel 2002
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Fm. †Baissopteridae Martynova 1961
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G. †Allobaissoptera Lu et al. 2020
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†Allobaissoptera oligophlebia Lu et al. 2020
G. †Ascalapharia Novokshonov 1990
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†Ascalapharia raphidiformis Novokshonov 1990
G. †Austroraphidia Willmann 1994
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†Austroraphidia brasiliensis Nel et al. 1990
G. †Baissoptera Martynova 1961
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†Baissoptera bicolor Lyu et al. 2017
†Baissoptera brasiliensis Oswald 1990
†Baissoptera burmana Lu et al. 2020
†Baissoptera cellulosa Ponomarenko 1993
†Baissoptera cretaceoelectra Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
†Baissoptera elongata Ponomarenko 1993
†Baissoptera grandis Ren 1995
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Invalid names: Baissoptera euneura Ren 1997 [synonym]
†Baissoptera lisae Jepson et al. 2011
†Baissoptera maculata Lu et al. 2020
†Baissoptera martinsoni Martynova 1961
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Invalid names: Baissoptera kolosnitsynae Martynova 1961 [synonym]
†Baissoptera monopoda Lu et al. 2020
†Baissoptera pankowskiorum Lu et al. 2020
†Baissoptera pulchra Martins-Neto and Nel 1993
†Baissoptera sibirica Ponomarenko 1993
†Baissoptera sinica Lyu et al. 2017
†Baissoptera wangi Lu et al. 2020
Invalid names: Arariperaphidia Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990 [synonym], Rudiraphidia Ren 1997 [synonym]
G. †Burmobaissoptera Lu et al. 2020
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†Burmobaissoptera jiaxiaoae Lu et al. 2020
G. †Cretoraphidia Ponomarenko 1993
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†Cretoraphidia certa Ponomarenko 1993
†Cretoraphidia macrocella Ponomarenko 1993
†Cretoraphidia magna Ponomarenko 1993
†Cretoraphidia reticulata Ponomarenko 1993
G. †Cretoraphidiopsis Engel 2002
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Invalid names: Cretoraphidia Willmann 1994 [replaced]
G. †Dictyoraphidia Handlirsch 1910
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†Dictyoraphidia veterana Scudder 1890
G. †Electrobaissoptera Lu et al. 2020
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†Electrobaissoptera burmanica Lu et al. 2020
†Electrobaissoptera liui Jouault et al. 2021
G. †Lugala Willmann 1994
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†Lugala longissima Ponomarenko 1988
G. †Microbaissoptera Lyu et al. 2017
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†Microbaissoptera minima Ponomarenko 1993
†Microbaissoptera monosticha Lyu et al. 2017
G. †Rhynchobaissoptera Lu et al. 2020
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†Rhynchobaissoptera hui Lu et al. 2020
G. †Stenobaissoptera Lu et al. 2020
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†Stenobaissoptera xiai Lu et al. 2020
Invalid names: Arariperaphidia rochai Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990 [nomen dubium]
Unr. Raphidiformia Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011
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Unr. Euraphidioptera Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011
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Fm. †Metaraphidiidae Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011
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G. †Metaraphidia Whalley 1985
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†Metaraphidia confusa Whalley 1985
†Metaraphidia vahldieki Willmann 1994
Infraor. Neoraphidioptera Engel 2007
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Fm. Inocelliidae Navas 1913
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G. †Electrinocellia Engel 1995
G. Fibla Navas 1915
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Invalid names: Miofibla Nel 1993 [synonym]
G. Inocellia Schneider 1843
G. †Paraksenocellia Makarkin et al. 2019
G. †Sinoinocellia Wang 1987
G. †Succinofibla Aspöck and Aspöck 2004
Invalid names: Electrinocelliinae Engel 1995 [empty]
Fm. Raphidiidae Latreille 1810
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G. †Archiinocellia Handlirsch 1910
G. †Archiraphidia Handlirsch 1910
G. †Florissantoraphidia Makarkin and Archibald 2014
G. †Macrostigmoraphia Jepson and Makarkin 2023
G. †Megaraphidia Cockerell 1907
G. Ohmella Aspöck and Aspöck 1968
G. Raphidia Linnaeus 1758
Subfm. Raphidiinae Latreille 1810
Subfm. †Succinoraphidiinae Aspöck and Aspöck 2004
Fm. †Mesoraphidiidae Martynov 1925
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Subfm. †Alloraphidiinae Carpenter 1967
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G. †Alloraphidia Carpenter 1967
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†Alloraphidia asiatica Ponomarenko 1993
†Alloraphidia dorfi Carpenter 1967
†Alloraphidia kyzylzharica Makarkin and Khramov 2015
†Alloraphidia petrosa Ponomarenko 1988
G. †Archeraphidia Ponomarenko 1988
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†Archeraphidia baisensis Ponomarenko 1993
†Archeraphidia hosbayari Ponomarenko 1988
†Archeraphidia yakowlewi Ponomarenko 1988
G. †Dracoraphidia Lu et al. 2024
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†Dracoraphidia brachystigma Lu et al. 2024
G. †Pararaphidia Willmann 1994
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†Pararaphidia deserta Ponomarenko 1988
†Pararaphidia vitimica Martynova 1961
G. †Teratocephala Lu et al. 2024
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†Teratocephala macrostigma Lu et al. 2024
G. †Yixianoraphidia Lyu et al. 2020
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Subfm. †Mesoraphidiinae Martynov 1925
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G. †Alavaraphidia Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
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†Alavaraphidia imperterrita Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
G. †Allocotoraphidia Lyu et al. 2020
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G. †Amarantoraphidia Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
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†Amarantoraphidia ventolina Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
G. †Baisoraphidia Ponomarenko 1993
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†Baisoraphidia glossopteron Ponomarenko 1993
†Baisoraphidia orientalis Ponomarenko 1993
G. †Beipiaoraphidia Lyu et al. 2020
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†Beipiaoraphidia martynovi Lyu et al. 2020
G. †Caloraphidia Ren 1997
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G. †Cretinocellia Ponomarenko 1988
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†Cretinocellia cellulosa Ponomarenko 1988
G. †Grammoraphidia Lyu et al. 2020
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†Grammoraphidia ponomarenkoi Lyu et al. 2020
G. †Huaxiaraphidia Hong 1992
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G. †Iberoraphidia Jepson et al. 2011
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†Iberoraphidia dividua Jepson et al. 2011
G. †Jilinoraphidia Hong and Chang 1989
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†Jilinoraphidia dalaziensis Hong and Chang 1989
G. †Kezuoraphidia Willmann 1994
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G. †Laiyangoraphidia Chen et al. 2024
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†Laiyangoraphidia delicata Chen et al. 2024
G. †Mesoraphidia Martynov 1925
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†Mesoraphidia amoena Ren 1997
†Mesoraphidia baekthoensis Ri et al. 2021
†Mesoraphidia daohugouensis Lu et al. 2015
†Mesoraphidia durlstonensis Jepson et al. 2009
†Mesoraphidia ednae Jepson et al. 2011
†Mesoraphidia elongata Martynov 1925
†Mesoraphidia gobiensis Ponomarenko 1988
†Mesoraphidia grandis Martynov 1925
†Mesoraphidia hilli Jepson et al. 2011
†Mesoraphidia inaequalis Martynov 1925
†Mesoraphidia koreensis Engel et al. 2006
†Mesoraphidia medialis Ponomarenko 1993
†Mesoraphidia phantasma Engel et al. 2006
†Mesoraphidia pterostigmalis Martynova 1947
†Mesoraphidia ryonsangensis Ri et al. 2021
†Mesoraphidia similis Martynov 1925
†Mesoraphidia sinica Ren 1997
†Mesoraphidia websteri Jepson et al. 2009
Invalid names: Mioraphidia Ren 1997 [synonym], Phiradia Willmann 1994 [synonym], Xynoraphidia Ren 1997 [synonym]
G. †Necroraphidia Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
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†Necroraphidia arcuata Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
G. †Ororaphidia Engel and Ren 2008
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†Ororaphidia bifurcata Lyu et al. 2017
†Ororaphidia megalocephala Engel and Ren 2008
G. †Proraphidia Martynova 1947
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†Proraphidia anisomorpha Chen et al. 2024
†Proraphidia gomezi Jepson and Jarzembowski 2008
†Proraphidia hopkinsi Jepson and Jarzembowski 2008
†Proraphidia jepsoni Lyu et al. 2020
†Proraphidia turkestanica Martynova 1947
†Proraphidia yixianensis Lyu et al. 2020
G. †Siboptera Ponomarenko 1993
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†Siboptera eurydictyon Ponomarenko 1993
†Siboptera fornicata Ren 1994
†Siboptera lata Zhang et al. 2022
Invalid names: Liaoraphidia Ren 1994 [synonym]
G. †Sinoraphidia Hong 1982
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†Sinoraphidia viridis Hong 1982
G. †Stenoraphidia Lyu et al. 2018
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†Stenoraphidia longioccipitalis Lyu et al. 2018
G. †Styporaphidia Engel and Ren 2008
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†Styporaphidia hispanica Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2012
†Styporaphidia magia Engel and Ren 2008
†Styporaphidia willmanni Lyu et al. 2020
G. †Xuraphidia Hong 1992
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G. †Yanoraphidia Ren 1995
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†Yanoraphidia gaoi Ren 1995
Invalid names: Ororaphidiinae Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011 [synonym]
Tr. †Nanoraphidiini Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011
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G. †Burmoraphidia Liu et al. 2016
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†Burmoraphidia reni Liu et al. 2016
G. †Cantabroraphidia Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2010
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†Cantabroraphidia marcanoi Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2010
G. †Dolichoraphidia Liu et al. 2016
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†Dolichoraphidia aspoecki Liu et al. 2016
†Dolichoraphidia engeli Liu et al. 2016
†Dolichoraphidia groehni Makarkin 2023
G. †Grimaldiraphidia Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011
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†Grimaldiraphidia luzzii Grimaldi 2000
†Grimaldiraphidia mitchelli Jepson et al. 2009
†Grimaldiraphidia parvula Martynov 1925
†Grimaldiraphidia purbeckensis Jepson et al. 2009
G. †Lebanoraphidia Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011
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†Lebanoraphidia nana Bechly and Wolf-Schwenninger 2011
G. †Nanoraphidia Engel 2002
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†Nanoraphidia lithographica Jepson et al. 2011
G. †Rhynchoraphidia Liu et al. 2016
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†Rhynchoraphidia burmana Liu et al. 2016
Invalid names: Huaxiaraphidiidae Hong 1992 [synonym], Jilinoraphidiidae Hong and Chang 1989 [synonym], Sinoraphidiidae Hong 1982 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Environment: terrestrialc
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Sinemurian to the top of the Messinian or 199.50000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 192.9 Ma

Collections (112 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Sinemurian199.5 - 192.9United Kingdom (England) Metaraphidia confusa (114646)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Germany (Niedersachsen) Metaraphidia vahldieki (139222)
Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8China (Liaoning) Sinoinocellia liaoxiensis (157658)
Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8China (Nei Mongol) Mesoraphidia daohugouensis (172659) Ororaphidia megalocephala, Styporaphidia magia (122589) Ororaphidia megalocephala, Styporaphidia magia, Mesoraphidia daohugouensis, Ororaphidia bifurcata (183155)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Kazakhstan Mesoraphidia grandis, Mesoraphidia similis, Mesoraphidia elongata, Mesoraphidia parvula, Proraphidia turkestanica (115717) Mesoraphidia inaequalis (31311) Mesoraphidia pterostigmalis (122558)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Mongolia (Dund-Gov’ Aymag) Mesoraphidia gobiensis (117695)
Early/Lower Berriasian143.1 - 141.0United Kingdom (England) Mesoraphidia mitchelli (104006)
Late/Upper Berriasian139.1 - 137.05United Kingdom (England) Mesoraphidia durlstonensis (176354) Mesoraphidia durlstonensis, Mesoraphidia purbeckensis, Mesoraphidia websteri (103833)
Late/Upper Hauterivian132.6 - 125.77United Kingdom (Surrey) Mesoraphidia ednae (74973) Mesoraphidia sp. (74972)
Late/Upper Hauterivian132.6 - 125.77United Kingdom (England) Proraphidia hopkinsi (106417)
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4Spain Iberoraphidia dividua (152693) Nanoraphidia lithographica (118913) Proraphidia sp. (152684)
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4United Kingdom (England) Mesoraphidia hilli (104005)
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4Lebanon Lebanoraphidia nana (124276) Raphidiomorpha indet. (123000)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4China (Hebei) Yanoraphidia gaoi (107001)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4Spain (Castilla-La Mancha) Mesoraphidiidae indet. (28006)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4China (Liaoning) Baissoptera euneura (110825) Baissoptera grandis (151523) Baissoptera grandis, Alloraphidia anomala, Baissoptera euneura, Siboptera fornicata, Mesoraphidia heteroneura, Rudiraphidia liaoningensis, Phiradia myrioneura, Mesoraphidia sinica, Mesoraphidia amoena, Caloraphidia glossophylla (155209) Baissoptera grandis, Baissoptera liaoningensis, Siboptera fornicata, Mesoraphidia heteroneura, Mesoraphidia amoena, Caloraphidia glossophylla, Mesoraphidia longistigmosa, Baissoptera bicolor, Baissoptera sinica, Microbaissoptera monosticha, Stenoraphidia obliquivenatica, Stenoraphidia longioccipitalis, Yixianoraphidia anomala, Beipiaoraphidia martynovi, Grammoraphidia ponomarenkoi, Proraphidia jepsoni, Proraphidia yixianensis, Styporaphidia willmanni (188103) Baissoptera liaoningensis, Liaoraphidia fornicata, Archeraphidia polyphlebia, Alloraphidia longistigmosa, Alloraphidia obliquivenatica, Archeraphidia shangyuanensis (138436) Caloraphidia glossophylla, Allocotoraphidia myrioneura (111712) Sinoraphidia viridis (155018)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4China (Henan) Siboptera lata (229524)
Barremian - Aptian125.77 - 113.2North Korea Mesoraphidia ryonsangensis, Mesoraphidia baekthoensis (222556)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57Russian Federation Archeraphidia baisensis (123220)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Russian Federation (Chita) Alloraphidiidae indet. (126001 138072)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Jilin) Jilinoraphidia dalaziensis (165548)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Shandong) Huaxiaraphidia sinensis, Huaxiaraphidia shandongensis (154303) Mesoraphidia amoena (201905) Proraphidia anisomorpha, Laiyangoraphidia delicata (161254)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Russian Federation (Buryatia) Alloraphidia deserta, Baissoptera martinsoni, Alloraphidia asiatica, Archeraphidia baisensis, Baissoptera elongata, Baissoptera sibirica, Cretoraphidia macrocella, Siboptera medialis, Baisoraphidia sp., Baisoraphidia glossopteron (118216) Baissoptera kolosnitsynae (122561) Baissoptera martinsoni (122560) Baissoptera sp. (113403) Cretinocellia cellulosa, Alloraphidia deserta, Baissoptera martinsoni, Alloraphidia asiatica, Archeraphidia baisensis, Baissoptera cellulosa, Baissoptera minima, Baissoptera sibirica, Cretoraphidia sp., Cretoraphidia reticulata, Siboptera eurydictyon, Baisoraphidia spp., Alloraphidia vitimica (105969) Cretinocellia cellulosa, Baissoptera martinsoni, Alloraphidia asiatica, Archeraphidia baisensis, Baissoptera minima, Baissoptera sibirica, Cretoraphidia magna, Alloraphidia vitimica (105536) Cretoraphidia certa (119510) Mesoraphidiidae indet. (113350) Proraphidia vitimica (122562)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mongolia Alloraphidia petrosa (103655) Baissoptera longissima, Cretinocellia cellulosa, Cretinocellia bontsaganensis, Archeraphidia yakowlewi, Archeraphidia hosbayari, Alloraphidia deserta, Alloraphidia petrosa (103657)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Liaoning) Xuraphidia kezuoensis, Xuraphidia liaoxiensis (152382)
Late/Upper Aptian119.57 - 113.2China (Beijing Shi) Mesoraphidia furcivenata (106965)
Late/Upper Aptian119.57 - 113.2Brazil (Ceará) Arariperaphidia rochai (123013 125511) Austroraphidia brasiliensis, Arariperaphidia sp. (181590) Baissoptera brasiliensis (122352) Baissoptera lisae (122928) Cratoraphidia pulchra (138839) Raphidia brasiliensis (122553)
Early/Lower Albian113.2 - 110.1Spain Mesoraphidiidae indet. 2, Cantabroraphidia marcanoi, Necroraphidia arcuata, Amarantoraphidia ventolina (109438)
Albian113.2 - 100.5South Korea (Gyeongsangnam-do) Mesoraphidia koreensis, Mesoraphidia phantasma (122588)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5France (Poitou-Charentes) Mesoraphidiidae indet. (99114)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5Spain (Álava) Mesoraphidiidae indet. 1, Mesoraphidiidae indet. 3, Baissoptera cretaceoelectra, Styporaphidia hispanica, Alavaraphidia imperterrita (108769)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Alloraphidia dorfi (119438)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Myanmar Baissoptera burmana, Baissoptera wangi, Rhynchobaissoptera hui, Stenobaissoptera xiai (196491) Baissoptera maculata, Baissoptera monopoda, Allobaissoptera oligophlebia, Dracoraphidia brachystigma, Teratocephala macrostigma (161726) Baissoptera pankowskiorum (123116) Dolichoraphidia groehni (172900) Electrobaissoptera liui (179227) Mesoraphidiidae indet. 1, Mesoraphidiidae indet. 2, Nanoraphidia electroburmica (111688) Nanoraphidia electroburmica, Burmobaissoptera jiaxiaoae, Electrobaissoptera burmanica (178159) Nanoraphidia electroburmica, Dolichoraphidia aspoecki, Dolichoraphidia engeli, Rhynchoraphidia burmana, Burmoraphidia reni, Baissoptera burmana (178121) Teratocephala macrostigma (212006)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Kazakhstan Alloraphidia kyzylzharica (103274) Ascalapharia raphidiformis (127856)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (New Jersey) Mesoraphidia luzzii (110895)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (Alberta) Mesoraphidiidae indet. (122383)
Early/Lower Eocene56.0 - 48.07Canada (British Columbia) Archiinocellia oligoneura (119858)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Washington) Megaraphidia klondika (104761) Raphidiidae indet. A (103206)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Canada (British Columbia) Megaraphidia antiquissima (147816) Megaraphidia hopkinsi (224003) Paraksenocellia borealis, Megaraphidia ootsa (104793) Raphidiidae indet. (103205)
Bridgerian51.1 - 45.9USA (Colorado) Agulla protomaculata (132370) Archiinocellia protomaculata (192071 192072)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (Montana) Macrostigmoraphia diluta (224195) Paraksenocellia sp. (211437)
Uintan45.9 - 39.7USA (Colorado) Archiinocellia protomaculata (224004)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Inocellia veterana (122093)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) Fibla carpenteri, Inocellia peculiaris, Raphidia baltica, Fibla erigena (124205) Succinofibla aperta (123458) Succinoraphidia exhibens (123770)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Poland Raphidia erigena (153632)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Ukraine Succinoraphidia radioni (196704)
Chadronian37.0 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Inocellia exusta (127617) Inocellia tumulata (122977) Inocellia tumulata, Raphidia tranquilla, Inocellia eventa, Inocellia somnolenta (106384) Megaraphidia elegans (106379) Raphidia exhumata (106380 124001) Raphidia funerata (124680) Raphidia mortua (106381) Raphidia pulveris, Megaraphidia sp. (113749)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3France Raphidiidae indet. E (146907)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04USA (Colorado) Raphidia creedei (121977)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nevada) Agulla mineralensis (102996)
Vallesian - Turolian11.63 - 5.09Spain Miofibla cerdanica (113995)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09France (Ardèche) Ohmella coffini (113893)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333France (Cantal) Raphidiidae indet. B, Raphidiidae indet. C, Raphidiidae indet. D, Inocelliidae indet. G (122195)