PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Gerridae (water strider)

Insecta - Hemiptera - Gerridae

Taxonomy

Gerridae was named by Leach (1815). It is extant.

It was assigned to Kurtiformes by Jordan (1963); to Heteroptera by Archibald and Mathewes (2000); to Gerromorpha by Nel and Paicheler (1993), Andersen (1998), Andersen (2000), Andersen (2001), Wappler (2003), Damgaard (2008), Damgaard (2012); and to Gerroidea by Popov (1971), Szwedo (2018).

Subtaxa

Charmatometrinae, Cretogerris, Cylindrobates, Cylindrostethinae, Electrobatinae, Gerrinae, Gerris parabdominalis, Gerris protobates, Halobatinae, Lutetiabates, Metrobates aeternalis, Ptilomerinae, Succineogerris

Synonyms

Metrobates aeternalis was named by Scudder (1890). Its type specimen is MCZ 731, an exoskeleton, and it is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Florissant (MCZ Collection), which is in a Chadronian lacustrine - large shale in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Nel and Paicheler (1993), Andersen (1998).
Hydrobatida was named by Stål (1866). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Gerridae by Andersen (1982).

It was assigned to Heteroptera by Scudder (1890).
Gerris parabdominalis was named by Theobald (1937). Its type specimen is Bale Museum R 831, an exoskeleton, and it is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Kleinkembs, which is in a Rupelian lacustrine - large marl/limestone in the Salt Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Nel and Paicheler (1993), Andersen (1998).
Gerris protobates was named by Cockerell (1927). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Florissant (BMNH Collection), which is in a Chadronian lacustrine - large shale in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Andersen (1998).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1815	Gerridae Leach
1866	Hydrobatida Stål p. 168
1890	Hydrobatida Scudder p. 350
1890	Metrobates aeternalis Scudder p. 353 figs. Pl 22 fig 15
1917	Metrobates aeternalis Cockerell p. 391
1927	Gerris protobates Cockerell p. 592
1937	Gerris parabdominalis Theobald p. 254 figs. Pl XIX fig 19, 20; Pl III fig 18
1963	Gerridae Jordan p. 700
1971	Gerridae Popov p. 93
1993	Gerridae Nel and Paicheler p. 81
1998	Gerridae Andersen p. 16
2000	Gerridae Andersen p. 259
2000	Gerridae Archibald and Mathewes p. 1445
2001	Gerridae Andersen p. 412
2003	Gerridae Wappler
2008	Gerridae Damgaard
2012	Gerridae Damgaard
2018	Gerridae Szwedo p. 112

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Gravenhorst 1843
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata

Rank	Name	Author
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Clareocercaria
—	Acercaria	()
superorder	Pancondylognatha
—	Condylognatha
order	Hemiptera
suborder	Heteroptera
infraorder	Gerromorpha	Popov 1971
superfamily	Gerroidea	Leach 1815
family	Gerridae	Leach 1815
family	Gerridae	Leach 1815

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Gerridae Leach 1815 [water strider]

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Subfm. Charmatometrinae Matsuda 1960

G. †Brachymetroides Andersen 2001

†Brachymetroides atra Andersen 2001

G. †Cretogerris Perrichot et al. 2005

†Cretogerris albianus Perrichot et al. 2005

G. †Cylindrobates Wappler and Andersen 2004

†Cylindrobates messelensis Wappler and Andersen 2004

Subfm. Cylindrostethinae Matsuda 1960

G. Cylindrostethus Mayr 1865

†Cylindrostethus gaudanti Hartung et al. 2016

Subfm. †Electrobatinae Andersen and Poinar 1992

G. †Electrobates Andersen and Poinar 1992

†Electrobates spinipes Andersen and Poinar 1992

Subfm. Gerrinae Leach 1815

G. Aquarius Schellenberg 1800

†Aquarius lunpolaensis Lin 1981

Invalid names: Halobates bagonensis Lin 1981 [synonym]

G. †Electrogerris Andersen 2000

†Electrogerris kotashevichi Andersen 2000

G. Gerris Fabricius 1794 [water strider]

G. Limnoporus Stal 1868

†Limnoporus wilsoni Andersen 1998

G. †Palaeogerris Andersen 1998

†Palaeogerris furensis Andersen 1998

†Palaeogerris grandis Andersen 1998

†Palaeogerris mikkelseni Andersen 1998

G. †Telmatrechus Scudder 1890

†Telmatrechus defunctus Handlirsch 1910

†Telmatrechus parallelus Scudder 1890

†Telmatrechus stali Scudder 1879

Subfm. Halobatinae Bianchi 1896

G. Halobates Eschscholtz 1829 [sea skater]

†Halobates ruffoi Andersen et al. 1994

Invalid names: Limnobates prodromus Heer 1864 [nomen dubium]

G. †Lutetiabates Wappler and Andersen 2004

†Lutetiabates eckfeldensis Wappler and Andersen 2004

Subfm. Ptilomerinae Bianchi 1896

G. †Oligoptilomera Nel et al. 2023

†Oligoptilomera luberonensis Nel et al. 2023

G. †Succineogerris Andersen 2000

†Succineogerris larssoni Andersen 2000

†Succineogerris nilsi Zettel and Heiss 2011

Invalid names: Gerris parabdominalis Theobald 1937 [nomen dubium], Gerris protobates Cockerell 1927 [nomen dubium], Hydrobatida Stål 1866 [synonym], Metrobates aeternalis Scudder 1890 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Albian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 106.30000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma

Collections (55 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Albian	106.3 - 100.5	France (Poitou-Charentes)	Cretogerris albianus (99114)
Selandian	61.66 - 59.24	France (Auvergne)	Cylindrostethus gaudanti (123436 123463)
Wasatchian	56.0 - 51.1	USA (Wyoming)	Telmatrechus parallelus (122174)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Canada (British Columbia)	Gerridae indet. (31677) Gerris defuncta (119896) Hygrotrechus stali (112781) Limnoporus wilsoni (157317 157318)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Italy	Halobates ruffoi (122230)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Germany	Palaeogerris sp. (157316)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Denmark	Palaeogerris furensis (113028 113030 138943 157310 157313) Palaeogerris furensis, Palaeogerris grandis (114154 138942 157312 157314) Palaeogerris furensis, Palaeogerris mikkelseni (67711 157311) Palaeogerris grandis (113147 152149 157315)
Bridgerian	51.1 - 45.9	USA (Wyoming)	Telmatrechus parallelus (187756)
MP 11	48.07 - 41.03	Germany (Hessen)	Cylindrobates messelensis (125466 139208)
MP 13	48.07 - 41.03	Germany (Eifel)	Gerris sp. (135642) Gerris sp., Lutetiabates eckfeldensis (138912) Lutetiabates eckfeldensis (135641 135643)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	China (Xizang)	Aquarius lunpolaensis (200346 224485) Gerris lunpolaensis, Halobates bagonensis (132619)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	United Kingdom (England)	Gerris sp. (21976)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Denmark	Gerris sp. (123762)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Electrogerris kotashevichi (110735 234648) Succineogerris larssoni, Electrogerris sp. (123764) Succineogerris nilsi (123862)
Chadronian	37.0 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Gerris protobates (124680) Metrobates aeternalis (106384 122977)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 27.3	Czechia	Gerrinae indet. (123833)
MP 23	33.9 - 27.3	France	Oligoptilomera luberonensis (231435)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Germany	Gerris parabdominalis (122407)
Whitneyan	31.8 - 29.5	USA (Montana)	Gerridae indet. (120622)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia)	Gerris sp. (122010)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	Dominican Republic	Brachymetroides atra, Electrobates spinipes (122982) Electrobates spinipes (155411)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Russian Federation	Aquarius sp. (138756)
Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene	15.98 - 5.333	Thailand	Gerrinae indet. (140983)
Sarmatian	12.8 - 11.63	Germany (Baden-Württemberg)	Limnobates prodromus (117252)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Washington)	Gerris sp. (167662)