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Xenacanthimorpha

Chondrichthyes

Taxonomy
Xenacanthimorpha was named as an infraclass.

It was reranked as the superorder Xenacanthimorpha by Nelson et al. (2016).

It was assigned to Elasmobranchii by Ginter et al. (2010), Long (2011); and to Chondrichthyes by Nelson et al. (2016).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2010Xenacanthimorpha Ginter et al. p. 42
2011Xenacanthimorpha Long p. 242
2016Xenacanthimorpha Nelson et al. p. 47

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
classChondrichthyes
subclassElasmobranchiiBonaparte 1838
infraclassXenacanthimorpha
infraclassXenacanthimorpha

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Infracl. †Xenacanthimorpha
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Or. †Bransonelliformes Hampe and Ivanov 2007
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G. †Barbclabornia Johnson 2003
+
G. †Bransonella Harlton 1933
+
†Bransonella lingulata Ivanov and Ginter 1996
†Bransonella nebraskensis Johnson 1984
†Bransonella tribula Elliott and Hodnett 2013
†Bransonella tridentata Harlton 1933
Or. †Xenacanthiformes Berg 1955
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Fm. †Diplodoselachidae Dick 1981
+
G. †Dicentrodus Traquair 1888
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†Dicentrodus bicuspidatus Traquair 1881
G. †Diplodoselache Dick 1981
+
†Diplodoselache woodi Dick 1981
G. †Hagenoselache Hampe and Heidtke 1997
G. †Lebachacanthus Soler-Gijon 1997
Fm. †Xenacanthidae Fritsch 1889
+
G. †Acanthopleurus Agassiz 1843
+
†Acanthopleurus serratus Agassiz 1842
G. †Aganodus Owen 1867
G. †Compsacanthus Newberry 1856
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†Compsacanthus laevis Newberry 1856
G. †Diacranodus Garman 1885
+
†Diacranodus texensis Cope 1888
G. †Fayolia Renault and Zeiller 1884
+
†Fayolia dentata Renault and Zeiller 1884
†Fayolia sharovi Fischer et al. 2011
†Fayolia sterzeliana Weiss 1887
G. †Lepacanthus Arthaber 1896
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†Lepacanthus gracilis Arthaber 1896
G. †Lophacanthus Stock 1880
G. †Mooreodontus Hampe and Schneider 2010
G. †Ochlodus Owen 1867
G. †Phricacanthus Davis 1879
G. †Platyacanthus Fritsch 1889
+
†Platyacanthus americanus Hussakof 1911
G. †Pleuracanthus Agassiz 1837
+
†Pleuracanthus arcuatus Newberry 1856
†Pleuracanthus biserialis Newberry 1856
†Pleuracanthus cylindricus Agassiz 1843
†Pleuracanthus decheni Goldfuss 1847
†Pleuracanthus dilatatus Newberry 1856
†Pleuracanthus laevissimus Agassiz 1837
†Pleuracanthus robustus Davis 1880
G. †Plicatodus Hampe 1995
G. †Pternodus Owen 1867
G. †Triodus Jordan 1849
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†Triodus elpia Johnson and Thayer 2009
†Triodus moorei Woodward 1889
G. †Wurdigneria Richter 2005
G. †Xenacanthus Beyrich 1848
+
†Xenacanthus indicus Jain 1980
Fm. †Xenosynechodontidae Gluckman 1980
+
G. †Xenosynechodus Gluckman 1980
+
†Xenosynechodus egloni Gluckman 1980
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: nektonicc
Diet: carnivorec
Created: 2004-08-17 13:49:23
Modified: 2009-12-13 03:31:01
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Wagner 2023

Age range: base of the Tournaisian to the top of the Norian or 358.90000 to 208.50000 Ma

Collections (177 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Russian Federation (Pechora) Bransonella sp. (133362)
Tournaisian - Visean358.9 - 330.9China (Gansu) Bransonella sp. (120300)
Visean346.7 - 330.9Russian Federation (Komi) Bransonella nebraskensis (133366)
Asbian340.0 - 336.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Diplodoselache woodi (230480)
Bashkirian323.2 - 315.2United Kingdom (England) Orthacanthus cylindricus, Pleuracanthus laevissimus (132670)
Bashkirian323.2 - 315.2USA (Oklahoma) Bransonella tridentata (132869)
Bashkirian323.2 - 315.2USA (Arizona) Bransonella sp., Triodus elpia, Bransonella nebraskensis, Bransonella lingulata (131603)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9United Kingdom Pleuracanthus robustus, Pleuracanthus laevissimus (137307)
Westphalian A - Westphalian B318.7 - 314.6USA (Arizona) Xenacanthidae indet. (92271)
Westphalian B316.9 - 314.6France Fayolia sterzeli (155645)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0United Kingdom Pleuracanthus cylindricus (137311 137312) Pleuracanthus cylindricus, Pleuracanthus laevissimus (137304 137310) Pleuracanthus laevissimus (137305 137306 137309) Pleuracanthus robustus, Pleuracanthus laevissimus (137308)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0Greenland Bransonella spp. (198286)
Desmoinesian312.8 - 306.0USA (Oklahoma) Xenacanthus sp., Bransonella lingulata (223893)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (Illinois) Xenacanthus ossiani, Xenacanthiformes indet., Triodus sp., Dicentrodus alatus (224241)
Late/Upper Pennsylvanian307.0 - 298.9USA (Oklahoma) Anodontacanthus belemnoides (216409)
Late/Upper Pennsylvanian307.0 - 298.9USA (Texas) Bransonella lingulata (236693)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (Nebraska) Barbclabornia luedersensis (132445 132446)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9Canada (Prince Edward Island) Xenacanthus sp. (237225)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (Pennsylvania) Barbclabornia luedersensis (132447 132448 132449)
Gzhelian - Sakmarian303.7 - 290.1USA (New Mexico) Xenacanthus sp. (180989)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5Czech Republic (Liberec) Triodus sp. (232997)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5Czech Republic Xenacanthus sp. (218107)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5Czech Republic (Krkonose) Xenacanthiformes indet. (232614)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5USA (Texas) Anodontacanthus americanus (132657 132661)
Asselian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1USA (Pennsylvania) Barbclabornia luedersensis (132444)
Asselian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1USA (West Virginia) Barbclabornia luedersensis (132416)
Asselian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1Czech Republic Xenacanthus sp. (51265)
Asselian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1USA (Ohio) Barbclabornia luedersensis (132415)
Asselian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1Canada (Prince Edward Island) Xenacanthus sp. (237224 237232 237233)
Wolfcampian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1USA (Utah) Xenacanthus texensis (13256)
Wolfcampian298.9 - 286.0USA (New Mexico) Xenacanthus sp. (180106 180383 180384 180940 180974)
Cisuralian298.9 - 273.01Norway (Akhershus) Pleuracanthus sp. (125173)
Cisuralian298.9 - 273.01Germany Pleuracanthus decheni (137252)
Cisuralian298.9 - 273.01Czech Republic (Hradec Králové) Xenacanthus decheni (123380)
Permian298.9 - 251.902USA (Pennsylvania) Xenacanthus luedersensis (125957)
Permian298.9 - 251.902USA (Oklahoma) Barbclabornia luederensis (221387 221388 221390) Barbclabornia luederensis, Platyacanthus avirostratus, Anodontacanthus belemnoides (221391) Platyacanthus avirostratus (216410)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1USA (Texas) Barbclabornia luedersensis (132443)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1USA (Kansas) Xenacanthus luedersensis (130825)
Artinskian290.1 - 279.3USA (Texas) Anodontacanthus americanus (132662 132663 132665) Barbclabornia luedersensis (132402 132403 132404 132405 132406 132407 132408 132409 132410 132411 132412 132413 132414 132417 132418 132419 132420 132421 132422 132423 132424 132425 132426 132427 132428 132429 132430 132431 132432 132433 132434 132435 132436 132437 132438 132439 132440 132441 132442) Xenacanthus sp. (22714)
Artinskian290.1 - 279.3USA (Oklahoma) Xenacanthus luederensis (220872) Xenacanthus sp. (79402)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 272.3USA (Texas) Barbclabornia luedersensis (117094 117095) Xenacanthus platypternus (85301) Xenacanthus texensis, Xenacanthus platypternus, Xenacanthus luedersensis (85299 85300)
Artinskian - Roadian290.1 - 268.8USA (Texas) Pleuracanthus indet. (180992)
Leonardian286.0 - 273.01USA (Oklahoma) Pleuracanthus gracilis (87054) Xenacanthus sp. (79815 84941 85567 180990 180991)
Leonardian286.0 - 273.01USA (Texas) Xenacanthus platypternus (177018)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3USA (Arizona) Bransonella tribula (132087)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3Brazil (Maranhao) Xenacanthidae indet. (192146)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3USA (Texas) Barbclabornia luedersensis (117092 132384 132387 132388 132390 132394 132395 132396 132397 132398 132399 132400 132401) Xenacanthus platypternus (67735 85556) Xenacanthus sp. (12976 27704 85551 85552 85553 85554 85555 177000 177003 177015)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3USA (Oklahoma) Xenacanthus sp. (67945)
Kungurian - Roadian279.3 - 268.8USA (Texas) Xenacanthus sp. (79694)
Kazanian272.5 - 268.0Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Xenacanthus sp. (232544)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8USA (Arizona) Bransonella tribula (152132)
Roadian - Wordian272.3 - 264.28USA (Oklahoma) Xenacanthus sp. (27480 27573)
Urzhumian266.9 - 264.28Russian Federation (Orenburg) Xenosynechodus egloni (196109)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Russian Federation Xenosynechodus sp. (197593 197594 197595)
Tatarian266.9 - 257.4Russian Federation (Orenburg) Xenosynechodus egloni (196110) Xenosynechodus sp. (196160 196164) Xenosynechodus sp., Xenosynechodus egloni (196107)
Early/Lower Severodvinian264.28 - 259.51Russian Federation (Vologda) Xenosynechodus egloni (233365)
Late/Upper Severodvinian264.28 - 259.51Russian Federation (Vologda) Xenosynechodus egloni (233371) Xenosynechodus sp. (233375)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Australia (New South Wales) Xenacanthidae indet. (136481)
Pelsonian - Illyrian247.2 - 242.0Austria Lepacanthus gracilis (186975)
Pelsonian - Illyrian247.2 - 242.0Australia (New South Wales) Pleuracanthus sp. (111729)
Fassanian242.0 - 235.0Poland Pleuracanthus sp. (149685)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0USA (Texas) Xenacanthus moorei (84271)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 208.5India (Telangana) Xenacanthus indicus (101863)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (Arizona) Xenacanthus moorei (39160 39219 84264 92850) Xenacanthus moorei, Xenacanthus moorei (48547)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (New Mexico) Xenacanthus sp. (55248)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (Texas) Xenacanthus moorei (48424 84269) Xenacanthus sp., Xenacanthus moorei (13266)
Lacian - Sevatian221.5 - 205.6USA (New Mexico) Xenacanthus moorei (62311)